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1.
Michela Dall’Agata G. Pagliarani S. Padmarasu M. Troggio L. Bianco E. Dapena M. Miñarro S. Aubourg Y. Lespinasse C. E. Durel S. Tartarini 《Tree Genetics & Genomes》2018,14(1):12
The cultivated apple is susceptible to several pests including the rosy apple aphid (RAA; Dysaphis plantaginea Passerini), control of which is mainly based on chemical treatments. A few cases of resistance to aphids have been described in apple germplasm resources, laying the basis for the development of new resistant cultivars by breeding. The cultivar ‘Florina’ is resistant to RAA, and recently, the Dp-fl locus responsible for its resistance was mapped on linkage group 8 of the apple genome. In this paper, a chromosome walking approach was performed by using a ‘Florina’ bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library. The walking started from the available tightly linked molecular markers flanking the resistance region. Various walking steps were performed in order to identify the minimum tiling path of BAC clones covering the Dp-fl region from both the “resistant” and “susceptible” chromosomes of ‘Florina’. A genomic region of about 279 Kb encompassing the Dp-fl resistance locus was fully sequenced by the PacBio technology. Through the development of new polymorphic markers, the mapping interval around the resistance locus was narrowed down to a physical region of 95 Kb. The annotation of this sequence resulted in the identification of four candidate genes putatively involved in the RAA resistance response. 相似文献
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Junling Dou Shengjie Zhao Xuqiang Lu Nan He Lei Zhang Aslam Ali Hanhui Kuang Wenge Liu 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2018,131(4):947-958
Key message
A 159 bp deletion in ClFS1 gene encoding IQD protein is responsible for fruit shape in watermelon.Abstract
Watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai] is known for its rich diversity in fruit size and shape. Fruit shape has been one of the major objectives of watermelon breeding. However, the candidate genes and the underlying genetic mechanism for such an important trait in watermelon are unknown. In this study, we identified a locus on chromosome 3 of watermelon genome controlling fruit shape. Segregation analysis in F2 and BC1 populations derived from a cross between two inbred lines “Duan125” (elongate fruit) and “Zhengzhouzigua” (spherical fruit) suggests that fruit shape of watermelon is controlled by a single locus and elongate fruit (OO) is incompletely dominant to spherical fruit (oo) with the heterozygote (Oo) being oval fruit. GWAS profiles among 315 accessions identified a major locus designated on watermelon chromosome 3, which was confirmed by BSA-seq mapping in the F2 population. The candidate gene was mapped to a region 46 kb on chromosome 3. There were only four genes present in the corresponding region in the reference genome. Four candidate genes were sequenced in this region, revealing that the CDS of Cla011257 had a 159 bp deletion which resulted in the omission of 53 amino acids in elongate watermelon. An indel marker was derived from the 159 bp deletion to test the F2 population and 105 watermelon accessions. The results showed that Cla011257 cosegregated with watermelon fruit shape. In addition, the Cla011257 expression was the highest at ovary formation stage. The predicted protein of the Cla011257 gene fitted in IQD protein family which was reported to have association with cell arrays and Ca2+-CaM signaling modules. Clear understanding of the genes facilitating the fruit shape along with marker association selection will be an effective way to develop new cultivars.3.
Junsong Pan Junyi Tan Yuhui Wang Xiangyang Zheng Ken Owens Dawei Li Yuhong Li Yiqun Weng 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2018,131(7):1577-1587
Key message
Map-based cloning identified a candidate gene for resistance to the anthracnose fungal pathogen Colletotrichum orbiculare in cucumber, which reveals a novel function for the highly conserved STAYGREEN family genes for host disease resistance in plants.Abstract
Colletotrichum orbiculare is a hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen that causes anthracnose disease in cucumber and other cucurbit crops. No host resistance genes against the anthracnose pathogens have been cloned in crop plants. Here, we reported fine mapping and cloning of a resistance gene to the race 1 anthracnose pathogen in cucumber inbred lines Gy14 and WI 2757. Phenotypic and QTL analysis in multiple populations revealed that a single recessive gene, cla, was underlying anthracnose resistance in both lines, but WI2757 carried an additional minor-effect QTL. Fine mapping using 150 Gy14?×?9930 recombinant inbred lines and 1043 F2 individuals delimited the cla locus into a 32 kb region in cucumber Chromosome 5 with three predicted genes. Multiple lines of evidence suggested that the cucumber STAYGREEN (CsSGR) gene is a candidate for the anthracnose resistance locus. A single nucleotide mutation in the third exon of CsSGR resulted in the substitution of Glutamine in 9930 to Arginine in Gy14 in CsSGR protein which seems responsible for the differential anthracnose inoculation responses between Gy14 and 9930. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis indicated that CsSGR was significantly upregulated upon anthracnose pathogen inoculation in the susceptible 9930, while its expression was much lower in the resistant Gy14. Investigation of allelic diversities in natural cucumber populations revealed that the resistance allele in almost all improved cultivars or breeding lines of the U.S. origin was derived from PI 197087. This work reveals an unknown function for the highly conserved STAYGREEN (SGR) family genes for host disease resistance in plants.4.
Lao M Arencibia AD Carmona ER Acevedo R Rodríguez E León O Santana I 《Plant cell reports》2008,27(6):1103-1111
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To investigate the evolutionary history of mesoderm in the bilaterian lineage, we are studying mesoderm development in the
polychaete annelid, Capitella sp. I, a representative lophotrochozoan. In this study, we focus on the Twist and Snail families as candidate mesodermal
patterning genes and report the isolation and in situ expression patterns of two twist homologs (CapI-twt1 and CapI-twt2) and two snail homologs (CapI-sna1 and CapI-sna2) in Capitella sp. I. CapI-twt1 is expressed in a subset of mesoderm derivatives during larval development, while CapI-twt2 shows more general mesoderm expression at the same stages. Neither twist gene is detected before the completion of gastrulation. The two snail genes have very distinct expression patterns. At cleavage and early gastrula stages, CapI-sna1 is broadly expressed in precursors of all three germ layers and becomes restricted to cells around the closing blastopore
during late gastrulation; CapI-sna2 expression is not detected at these stages. After gastrulation, both snail genes are expressed in the developing central nervous system (CNS) at stages when neural precursor cells are internalized,
and CapI-sna1 is also expressed laterally within the segmental mesoderm. Based on the expression patterns in this study, we suggest a putative
function for Capitella sp. I twist genes in mesoderm differentiation and for snail genes in regulating CNS development and general cell migration during gastrulation.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
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Qingbiao Wang Yongjie Zhang Li Zhang 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2018,38(11):137
Premature flowering reduces the yield and quality of the harvested fleshy taproot in radish. However, there has been little molecular marker research on the radish late-bolting trait. In this study, F2 and F2:3 populations derived from a cross of “Ninengo” (late-bolting) and “Maer” (early-bolting) were analyzed to map late-bolting genes. Five hundred insertion and deletion (InDel) markers were designed according to the whole-genome resequencing data of the two parents. A genetic map was constructed based on the F2 population, and a late-bolting gene was detected in a 1.1-cM region between the markers InDel520 and InDel535 on chromosome R02 that explained the highest (76.4%) phenotypic variance. RsFLC2 was identified as a candidate gene in this region. Notably, “Ninengo” contains a 1627-bp insertion near the 5′ end of the first intron of RsFLC2. Allelic variation analyses in the F2 population further validated that RsFLC2was associated with the late-bolting trait in radish. The expression pattern of RsFLC2 was significantly different between “Ninengo” and “Maer” during vernalization. Vernalization suppressed RsFLC2 expression, and the 1627-bp insertion in the first intron weakened gene repression in “Ninengo” plants, resulting in late-bolting. This study lays a foundation for uncovering the molecular mechanism of late-bolting and marker-assisted selection for breeding late-bolting varieties of radish. 相似文献
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M. Srinivas Prasad B. Aruna Kanthi S. M. Balachandran M. Seshumadhav K. Madhan Mohan B. C. Viraktamath 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2009,25(10):1765-1769
Samba mahsuri (BPT 5204) is a cultivar of the medium slender grain indica variety of Oryza
sativa grown across India for its high yield and quality. However, this cultivar is susceptible to several diseases and pests including
rice blast. The analysis of near isogenic lines indicated the presence of a resistance gene, Pi-1(t) in the donor cultivar C101LAC which is highly resistant to the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea (M. grisea). C101LAC was crossed with susceptible indica rice cultivar (BPT 5204) to generate the mapping population. A mendelian segregation
ratio of 3:1 for resistant to susceptible F2 plants using bulk segregation analysis confirmed the presence of a major gene pi-1(t) by simple sequence repeats marker RM224 to the highly virulent blast isolate DRR 001. 相似文献
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Hélène Pidon Alain Ghesquière Sophie Chéron Souley Issaka Eugénie Hébrard François Sabot Olufisayo Kolade Drissa Silué Laurence Albar 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2017,130(4):807-818
Key message
A new resistance gene against Rice yellow mottle virus was identified and mapped in a 15-kb interval. The best candidate is a CC-NBS-LRR gene.Abstract
Rice yellow mottle virus (RYMV) disease is a serious constraint to the cultivation of rice in Africa and selection for resistance is considered to be the most effective management strategy. The aim of this study was to characterize the resistance of Tog5307, a highly resistant accession belonging to the African cultivated rice species (Oryza glaberrima), that has none of the previously identified resistance genes to RYMV. The specificity of Tog5307 resistance was analyzed using 18 RYMV isolates. While three of them were able to infect Tog5307 very rapidly, resistance against the others was effective despite infection events attributed to resistance-breakdown or incomplete penetrance of the resistance. Segregation of resistance in an interspecific backcross population derived from a cross between Tog5307 and the susceptible Oryza sativa variety IR64 showed that resistance is dominant and is controlled by a single gene, named RYMV3. RYMV3 was mapped in an approximately 15-kb interval in which two candidate genes, coding for a putative transmembrane protein and a CC-NBS-LRR domain-containing protein, were annotated. Sequencing revealed non-synonymous polymorphisms between Tog5307 and the O. glaberrima susceptible accession CG14 in both candidate genes. An additional resistant O. glaberrima accession, Tog5672, was found to have the Tog5307 genotype for the CC-NBS-LRR gene but not for the putative transmembrane protein gene. Analysis of the cosegregation of Tog5672 resistance with the RYMV3 locus suggests that RYMV3 is also involved in Tog5672 resistance, thereby supporting the CC-NBS-LRR gene as the best candidate for RYMV3.10.
Several root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) resistance genes have been discovered in different pepper (Capsium annuum L.) lines; however, none of them has yet been cloned. In this study, a candidate root-knot nematode resistance gene (designated
as CaMi) was isolated from the resistant pepper line PR 205 by degenerate PCR amplification combined with the RACE technique. Expression
profiling analysis revealed that this gene was highly expressed in roots, leaves, and flowers and expressed at a lower level
in stems and was not detectable in fruits. To verify the function of CaMi, a sense vector containing the genomic DNA spanning the full coding region of CaMi was constructed and transferred into root-knot nematode susceptible tomato plants. Sixteen transgenic plants carrying one
to five copies of T-DNA inserts were generated from two nematode susceptible tomato cultivars. RT-PCR analysis revealed that
the expression levels of CaMi gene varied in different transgenic plants. Nematode assays showed that the resistance to root-knot nematodes was significantly
improved in some transgenic lines compared to untransformed susceptible plants, and that the resistance was inheritable. Ultrastructure
analysis showed that nematodes led to the formation of galls or root knots in the susceptible lines while in the resistant
transgenic plants, the CaMi gene triggered a hypersensitive response (HR) as well as many necrotic cells around nematodes.
Rugang Chen and Hanxia Li are contributed equally to this work. 相似文献
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Alex V. Kochetov Anastasiya Y. Glagoleva Kseniya V. Strygina Elena K. Khlestkina Sophia V. Gerasimova Salmaz M. Ibragimova Natalja V. Shatskaya Gennady V. Vasilyev Dmitry A. Afonnikov Nikolay A. Shmakov Olga Y. Antonova Tatyana A. Gavrilenko Natalia V. Alpatyeva Alexander Khiutti Olga S. Afanasenko 《BMC plant biology》2017,17(2):251
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Roney Fontes Guimarães Luciana Rodrigues Camillo Aurizangela Oliveira Sousa Luana Pereira Gonçalves Jamilly Costa Cardoso Macedo Giovano Sousa Siqueira Antônia Marlene Magalhães Barbosa Fátima Cerqueira Alvim Marcio Gilberto Cardoso Costa Carlos Priminho Pirovani 《Tree Genetics & Genomes》2018,14(6):90
Here, we report for the first time the genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the molecular chaperone BiP genes in Citrus. Six genes encoding the conserved protein domain family GPR78/BiP/KAR2 were identified in the genome of Citrus sinensis and C. clementina. Two of them, named here as CsBiP1 and CsBiP2, were classified as true BiPs based on their deduced amino acid sequences. Alignment of the deduced amino acid sequences of CsBiP1 and CsBiP2 with BiP homologs from soybean and Arabidopsis showed that they contain all the conserved functional motifs of BiPs. Analysis of the promoter region of CsBiPs revealed the existence of cis-acting regulatory sequences involved in abiotic, heat-shock, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress responses. Publicly available RNA-seq data indicated that CsBiP1 is abundantly expressed in leaf, flower, fruit, and callus, whereas CsBiP2 expression is rarely detected in any tissues under normal conditions. Comparative quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) analysis of expression of these genes between C. sinensis grafted on the drought-tolerant “Rangpur” lime (C. limonia) and -sensitive “Flying Dragon” trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata) rootstocks showed that CsBiP1 was upregulated by drought stress on the former but downregulated on the latter, whereas the CsBiP2 mRNA levels were downregulated on drought-stressed “Flying Dragon,” but remained constant on “Rangpur.” CsBiP2 upregulation was only observed in C. sinensis seedlings subjected to osmotic and cold treatments. Taken together, these results indicate the existence of two highly conserved BiP genes in Citrus that are differentially regulated in the different tissues and in response to abiotic stresses. 相似文献
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Leigh Ann Fall Josh Clevenger Cecilia McGregor 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2018,38(11):130
Fusarium wilt, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (FON), of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) is a fungal pathogen that causes significant yield losses in the US watermelon industry. FON damages watermelon through invasion of the root system and remains a difficult pathogen to manage due to its long-lasting survival spores which persist in the soil. Chemical control options for this pathogen are lacking, making development of genetic resistance the best option. There are four known races of FON (0, 1, 2, and 3) which are distinguished based on their pathogenicity of differential cultivars. Most modern cultivar releases have FON race 1 (FON-1) resistance, which has been mapped on the end of chromosome 1. Application of marker assisted selection (MAS) would improve the efficiency of FON-1 resistance breeding. In order to identify markers for selection in the FON-1 region, the QTL-seq method was utilized on an F2 population segregating for FON-1 resistance. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers in the region were developed into Kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP?) assays and tested for trait association on the segregating F2:3 population. Marker validation was done using an F2 population from a cross between FON-1 susceptible “New Hampshire Midget” and FON-1-resistant “Calhoun Gray.” Further validation on a panel of susceptible and resistant cultivars and Plant Introductions identified SNP marker UGA1_502161 as a useful marker for selection of FON-1 resistance from Calhoun Gray. 相似文献
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Xinyi Wu Guojing Li Baogen Wang Yaowen Hu Xiaohua Wu Ying Wang Zhongfu Lu Pei Xu 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2018,131(12):2709-2718
Key message
A new rust resistance gene Ruv2 was fine-mapped in cowpea to a 193-kb region on chromosome 2, which harboured 23 predicted gene models enriched with NBS-type genes.Abstract
ZN016 is a landrace vegetable cowpea highly resistant to rust. Two previous studies using mixed-spores inoculation suggested different modes of inheritance of rust resistance in ZN016. In this study, we initially developed a detached leaf assay with a purified single-rust isolate (Auv-LS). Using this approach, we assessed the inheritance of rust resistance in a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population and an F2 population, both derived from the cross of “ZN016” and the susceptible cultivar “Zhijiang282.” A single dominant gene mode against Auv-LS was revealed in both populations. QTL mapping showed that this gene was coincident with the Ruv2 locus on LG7, one of the three resistance QTLs previously mapped based on mixed-spores inoculation data. Therefore, Ruv2 was considered as specifically against the rust isolate Auv-LS. Through an analysis of the RIL recombinants at Ruv2, we fine-mapped the gene to an ~?0.45-cM interval between SNP markers 2_09656 and 2_00973, which corresponded to an ~?193-kb region on chromosome 2 that harboured 23 predicted gene models enriched with NBS-type genes. Re-sequencing of the two parents revealed polymorphisms in four genes predictively to cause substantial protein structural changes, rendering them valuable candidate genes for future validation. Cross-species syntenic analysis indicated that Ruv2 may represent a novel rust resistance gene in food legumes. A cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences marker tightly linked to Ruv2 was developed to facilitate breeding. This work establishes a basis for map-based cloning of Ruv2 and breeding for rust resistance in cowpea and other legume crops.19.
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Yanbo Cheng Qibin Ma Hailong Ren Qiuju Xia Enliang Song Zhiyuan Tan Shuxian Li Gengyun Zhang Hai Nian 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2017,130(5):1041-1051