Some characteristics of pathogenic avian PPLO

Summary Pathogenic avian PPLO,Mycoplasma gallisepticum strains were seen to grow on solid media in two types of colonies. The small ones are typical PPLO, the large ones seem to occupy an intermediate position between PPLO and bacteria. The elements constituting the large colonies must be the so-called Nelson bodies.     

Position and definition of the genus Paegniodes Eaton, 1881 based on redescription on the type species Paegniodes cupulatus (Eaton, 1871) (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae)

The genus Paegniodes Eaton, 1881 and its type species P. cupulatus (Eaton, 1871) have never been described in detail completely. In this article, all stages are described and photographed. Compared to other heptageniid genera, the adults of P. cupulatus have a more colourful body, smaller hindwings but larger titillators. The nymphs of this species have no setae or tubercles on the body and no emarginations on the head capsule. They have smaller lamellae of the first gills, a wider labrum with a median notch, mandibles without setae on outer margins, maxillae with a row of setae and scattered setae on the ventral surface, cerci with mesal setae, and a median filament with setae on both sides. Both imaginal and nymphal stages of the genus have unique characters, so the taxon Paegniodes is recognized at the rank of genus here. It appears closely related to Rhithrogena Eaton, 1881.     

美罗培南不同输注方案治疗老年ICU获得性重症肺炎的临床研究

目的:探讨美罗培南不同输注方案治疗老年ICU获得性重症肺炎的临床效果。方法:选取2011年6月至2014年1月我院的92例老年ICU获得性重症肺炎患者,随机分为传统组和改良组,每组各46例,分别采用不同的输注速度给予美罗培南治疗,并且对其总有效率、细菌学疗效进行评定,观察记录患者的不良反应情况、住院时间及抗菌药物的治疗费用。结果:改良组患者的总有效率为82.61%,显著高于传统组的67.39%(P0.05);改良组患者的细菌学疗效明显优于传统组(P0.05);改良组患者的治疗时间为(5.94±1.21)d,明显低于传统组的(7.52±1.47)d(P0.05);改良组患者的治疗费用为(3412.7±992.4)元,相比于传统组的(3983.5±1022.6)元明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者分别有3例出现不良反应,其中,4例出现腹泻,2例出现恶心,但患者均能够耐受,停药后腹泻、恶心症状消失,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:美罗培南治疗ICU获得性重症肺炎在提高临床治疗效果、减轻患者的炎症反应、缩短治疗时间,在一定程度上能够降低患者的经济负担方面具有显著的优越性。     

Plankton algae from the Serpentine in Eaton Park,Chester

Collections of phytoplankton from an old natural freshwater pool in Cheshire have been made between 1932 and 1964, seasonal variations being especially noted. The flora was found to be rich with many genera represented, especially of the Chlorococcales. A number of rarely recorded forms are noted and some taxonomic uncertainties are discussed.