秦岭地区中泥盆世早期一个腕足动物的新属

秦岭地区的泥盆系颇发育,化石丰富。1964年在东秦岭旬阳龙家河,发现腕足类的Parakarpinskia新属,后来在1978年于西秦岭下吾那东沟再次发现,两个化石点相距有500余公里(插图1)。两处的泥盆系岩性和生物群特征基本相似,都是滨海一浅海相沉积。新属产于西秦岭迭部下吾那东沟剖面(插图2)的11层,为中泥盆统鲁热组(D(1/2)l)的最底部,岩性是深灰色中厚层灰岩,夹黑色页片状粉砂岩或砂质页岩,底部为一层厚1.2米紫红色含铁钙质砂岩,厚10米,含腕足类Parakarpi-     

广西宜山浅水相区的一个泥盆系-石炭系界线层型剖面

1979年,国际地科联泥盆系-石炭系界线工作组决定,泥盆系-石炭系界线应以Siphonodella praesulcata至S.sulcata的连续演化系列中S.sulcata首先出现为准。1983年,西班牙马德里会议上,泥盆系-石炭系界线工作组推荐如下四个剖面作为国际泥盆系-石炭系界线层型的候选剖面:Hasselbachtal(联邦德国1),Kija(苏联),Berchogur(苏联)和睦化(中国)。睦化剖面是熊剑飞、王成源在1980年1月测制的。1983年4月,侯鸿飞等介绍给国际泥盆系-石炭系界线工作组时,认为剖面是连续的灰岩沉积。笔者     

湖南邵东早石炭世早期介形类新属种

1980—1981年,笔者在邵东组的标准地点——湖南邵东界岭王冲剖面上泥盆统锡矿山组上段(砂岩段或“岳麓砂岩”)和下石炭统岩关阶邵东组至孟公坳组采到丰富的介形类化石,这些介形类的发现将有助于湘中地区下石炭统地层的划分和对比,为泥盆系一石炭系界限的划分增添新资料。本文仅描述湖南邵东界岭下石炭统邵东组和孟公坳组部分     

华南浮游相区早石炭世早期牙形刺分带和泥盆系、石炭系的分界

自1979年第9届国际石炭纪会议提出泥盆系石炭系的分界,以牙形刺praesulcata-sulcata为生物地层标准后;国际泥盆系石炭系界线工作组,对泥盆系石炭系界线层型作了大量工作,但至今还没发现一个可以作为界线层型的剖面(Paproth,Streel,1982),因为欧洲的所有剖面都缺少praesulcata-sulcata的连续关系。因此,对中国泥盆系石炭系界线的研究,不仅对我国,而且在世界上也具有一定的意义,或许我们可以提供较为理想的泥盆系石炭系界线层型剖面。     

内蒙古古生代巴特敖包剖面的再研究

巴特敖包剖面(即巴特敖包—仲阿木乌苏剖面)是内蒙古巴特敖包地区最有代表性的剖面,也是巴特敖包群的典型剖面。以往依据底栖大化石的研究,将其全部归入“上志留统”。依据牙形刺的研究,可以证实,巴特敖包剖面内部有不少断层,巴特敖包剖面的地层是由志留系—泥盆系—志留系—泥盆系地层交错而成,并非是一个连续的剖面,也不能全部归入“上志留统”。巴特敖包群应当解体,不再使用。巴特敖包剖面仍需详细研究,有可能发现志留系—泥盆系连续的界线层剖面。     

第八届欧洲国际牙形刺会议在法国举行

第八届欧洲国际牙形刺会议 ( ECOS )于 2 0 0 2年 6月 2 1日— 6月 2 5日在法国南部的 Toulouse市 (法国第四大城市 )和 Albi市先后举行。会前赴西班牙地质旅游 ,重点考察志留系、泥盆系地层剖面 ,会后地质旅游去法国南部 ,主要参观泥盆系、石炭系剖面 ,特别是泥盆系、石炭系界线和法门阶底界的界线层型剖面。参加此次会议的代表有来自 1 5个国家的 94位专家。四天的学术报告安排得紧凑有序 ,大会与分会共安排了5 9个学术报告 ,涉及的内容十分广泛。同时会议还按排了 39个墙展 ( posters) ,进行了广泛的学术交流 ,并举行了泥盆系分会工作…     

国际泥盆系石炭系界线层型剖面的争夺已成定局——我国桂林南边村剖面被确认为国际辅助层型

国际泥盆系石炭系界线层型的研究,是近十多年来国际地质学界的热门课题之一.很多国家都将界线层型剖面的建立,视为国家的殊荣,因而争夺激烈。在国际地层委员会的领导下,1976年成立了国际泥盆系石炭系界线工作组,1979年确定了泥盆系石炭系分界的生物地层标准,在牙形刺Siphonodella praesulcota至S.suleata的连续演化系列中以S.sulcata的首次出现作为石炭系的底界.按这一标准,界线工作组参观了许多国家推荐的候选剖面,经过多次会议的讨论和比较,直到1985年,仍没有任何一个剖面能满足     

SDS,IGCP328与桂林国际泥盆系会议

由国际地质科学联合会和中国地质学会联合召开的“国际泥盆系及固体矿产与油气学术讨论会”于1992年9月8日至12日在山水甲天下的桂林召开。这是在我国举办的泥盆系综合研究的首届国际会议,来自13个国家的近百名代表出席了大会。会议期间,代表们考察了桂林附近著名的南边村石炭纪/泥盆纪层型剖面,前不久,这一剖面被遴选为全球石炭纪/泥盆纪界线副层型剖面。会后代表们分3条路线进行了泥盆系及其矿产的野外地质考察。特别值得一提的是,泥盆纪分会(SDS)在桂林会议期间召开了工作会议,分会的前任和现任主席和秘书长以及其他一些委员参加了会议。增补了分会委员,王念忠被增选为泥盆纪分会的通讯委员。分会对今后的研究工作作了步署,南     

贵州省惠水县王佑中泥盆世晚期的四射珊瑚(一)

贵州省惠水县王佑至翁赖一带出露的中泥盆世晚期浅海底栖相地层翁赖组(新名)陆源碎屑发育,沉积厚度巨大,单体珊瑚居多。由于受到当地穹窿地质构造的影响,只出露了中泥盆统的最上部,即相当于独山剖面的独山组鸡窝寨段和宋家桥段这二段地层,而相当于鸡泡段及其以下的地层都被掩埋在地下。根据岩性和珊瑚群组合面貌,翁赖组可以分成上、下两个部分:下部砂岩比较多,也有少许灰岩和泥质砂岩,大致可与独山剖面的独山组宋家桥段相当;上部虽然也有砂岩和泥质砂岩,但灰岩和泥质灰岩明显增加,最富有生物地层学意义的是在上部之底发现了中泥盆世晚期的标准珊瑚化石Sinospongophyllum,表明它可与独山剖面的独山组鸡窝寨段进行对比。无独有偶,独山县的泥盆系剖面是以群体的内板珊瑚(Endophyllum)层作为鸡窝寨段的底界的,Endophyllum层之上是鸡窝寨段(灰岩);Endophyllum层之下则是宋家桥段(砂岩)。Sinospongophyllum(单体珊瑚)与Endophyllum(群体珊瑚),虽然它们外部形态不同,但它们的骨骼内部构造基本上是相同的或者是非常相似的,而它们外形的差异主要是受不同海洋生态环境(如海浪的强弱和陆源碎屑物的多少)影响的结果。文中描述了翁赖组下部的四射珊瑚,共有6属7种,含2个新种,分别是:Grypophyllum cf.primum Wedekind,Grypophyllum wangyouense(Li in Kong and Huang),Cyathophyllum wenglaiense sp. nov.,Sinodisphyllum litvinovitshae(Soshkina),Temnophyllum majus Walther,Argutastrea quadrigemina(Goldfuss)和Ceratophyllum simplex sp. nov.。它们都是华南以及亚洲、欧洲、澳大利亚和北美西部等地中泥盆世晚期常见的一些珊瑚属种。     

广东南雄盆地浓山组上段孢粉组合

南雄盆地的古新统称为罗佛寨群。罗佛寨群划分为早—中古新世的上湖组和代表晚期的浓山组。浓山组分三段:下段(竹桂坑段)、中段(大塘圩段)、上段(中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所华南红层队,1977)。孢粉样品采集于大塘剖面,即古城—坪岭实测剖面。剖面的浓山组上段为一套紫红、灰绿色砂质泥岩互层,夹灰绿色粉砂岩和紫红色薄层砂岩,未见顶     

Recombining DNA by protein swivels

Two new reports on serine recombinases, one of a crystal snapshot in an alternate rotational conformer poised for DNA cleavage (Keenholtz et al., 2011), and a second employing single-DNA molecule approaches (Bai et al., 2011), provide strong support for the subunit rotation model for exchanging DNA strands.     

内蒙古巴特敖包地区早泥盆世牙形刺

内蒙古达茂旗(达尔罕茂明安联合旗)巴特敖包地区以碳酸岩相古生代地层发育而引人注意。经多年研究,特别是李文国等(1985)的研究,使本区珊瑚、腕足类、层孔虫、鹦鹉螺等大化石的研究工作已有一定基础,并依据牙形刺首先确定了在阿鲁共剖面有泥盆纪地层的存在。但本区泥盆纪地层仍存在很多问题,必须通过对牙形刺的研究加以解决。在王成源研究员的精心安排和亲自指导下,作者等在巴特敖包地区的七个剖面进行了系统取样研究。经对158个样品(重667kg)的分析,在本区发现了大量的原定为志留纪的早泥盆世地层,包括西别河组命名剖面。分析结果同时证明,本区不存在志留系温洛克统的沉积。巴特敖包剖面断层发育,志留—泥盆纪地层交替出现,巴特敖包组应取消,原定的阿鲁共剖面层序颠倒。本区地层应厘订为志留系的西别河组(罗德洛统—普里道利统)和下泥盆统的阿鲁共组(Lochkovian阶),前者以包尔汉图剖面为标准剖面,后者应寻找更好的标准剖面。本文重点总结巴特敖包地区早泥盆世的牙形刺。本区共建立了4个牙形刺带,文中共描述了8牙形刺属,21种,其中包括4亚种、1新种(Belodellataeniocuspidatasp.nov.)和1未定种。     

A note on an interaction between Rhinopithecus bieti and a buzzard at Baima Snow Moutain

Predation avoidance relies primarily on behavioural mechanisms [van Schaik and van Hooff, 1983]. Primates alarm call at predators, including most birds and mammals [Cheney and Wrangham, 1987]. Alarm calls could be used to signal to the predator that it has been spotted [Zuberbühler et al., 1999], thereby probably decreasing the likelihood of an attack [Schultz, 2001], and they also inform prey of the presence of the predator, thereby increasing overall attention levels [Schülke, 2001]. Although eagles are reported to be one of the predators of Rhinopithecus bieti [Bai et al., 1987], few interactions between these monkeys and raptors have been documented to date. Here I document an interaction witnessed between R. bieti and a buzzard [Buteo sp., Yang X-J, pers. comm.].     

泥河湾盆地上新世生物地层序列与环境

总结了泥河湾盆地晚上新世生物地层,讨论了12个剖面含哺乳动物化石层位的相互关系,以稻地老窝沟剖面的地层顺序为基础排列出约3.7～2.6Ma时段内的9个代表性的生物地层单位。哺乳动物以Paenelimnoecus chinensis、Lunanosorex cf.L.lii、Trischizolagus、Pliopentalagus nihewanicus、Ungaromys、Mimomys sp.、Chardina truncatus、Mesosiphneus praetingi、M, paratingi、Plio- siphneus lyratus、Pseudomeriones complicidens、Castor anderssoni、Huaxiamys downsi、Chardinomys yusheensis、C.nihowanicus、Hipparion houfenense和Gazella blacki组合为特征。动物群在时代上与榆社麻则沟动物组合、静乐红土动物群、灵台雷家河剖面V带及任家沟静乐红粘土动物组合、宁县水磨沟动物组合、游河动物群及沂南棋盘山洞穴动物组合相当。动物群所反映的是温带草原为主、间有树林和干草原的稀树草原环境。     

Fish ACE2 is not susceptible to SARS-CoV-2

The ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has reshaped our daily life and caused > 4 million deaths worldwide (https://covid19.who.int/). Although lockdown and vaccination have improved the situation in many countries, imported cases and sporadic outbreaks pose a constant stress to the prevention and control of COVID-19. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the etiologic agent responsible for COVID-19, has a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome of 30 kb (Coronaviridae Study Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, 2020). We and other groups have demonstrated that the SARS-CoV-2 could use the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as cell receptor, including orthologs of a broad range of animal species such as human, bats, ferrets, pigs, cats, and dogs (Hoffmann et al., 2020; Zhou et al., 2020; Liu et al., 2021). Although the evolutionary origin of SARS-CoV-2 can be linked to the discoveries of diverse coronaviruses related to SARS-CoV-2 in wild animals such as bats (Zhou et al., 2020; Wacharapluesadee et al., 2021) and pangolins (Liu et al., 2019; Lam et al., 2020), the direct origin of SARS-CoV-2 in humans remains unknown. In China, several sporadic outbreaks of COVID-19 in 2020 were linked to food in cold chain sold at trade markets, including salmon meat (http://www.nhc.gov.cn/xcs/yqtb/list_gzbd.shtml) (Yang et al., 2020). The detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA on the surface of frozen meat for as long as 20 days has also been reported (Feng et al., 2021). A concern regarding the potential role of fish in SARS-CoV-2 transmission has also been raised. Therefore, we investigated the susceptibility of fish ACE2 to SARS-CoV-2.     

New Phytologist 140 (1998), 363–383

In the November 1998 issue of New Phytologist , we published the Tansley review 'Gibberellins: regulating genes and germination' by Sian Ritchie and Simon Gilroy ( New Phytol. (1998) 140 , 363–383). Since its publication, it has come to our attention that text associated with Fig. 4 was omitted during production. The correct figure is reprinted here in full.
We apologise to the author and to our readers for this mistake.
Figure 4. Promoter sequences of various genes expressed in the cereal aleurone and shown to be regulated by GA. The position of each sequence is indicated relative to the start codon. Regions identified as being involved in regulation of the genes are highlighted, as are similar regions in other genes. Sites at which protein has been shown to bind are also indicated. ( a ) Barley Amy 32b (Sutcliff et al ., 1993; Whittier et al ., 1987); wheat Amy 2/54 (Huttley et al ., 1992; Rushton et al ., 1992; Rushton et al ., 1995); barley Amy 46 (Khursheed & Rogers, 1988); barley Amy 2/p155 (Knox et al ., 1987); barley aleurain (Whittier et al ., 1987); barley β-glucanase II (Wolf, 1992); wheat cathepsin B-like (Cejudo et al ., 1992); rice ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (Chen et al ., 1995). ( b ). Wheat Amy 1/18 (Rushton et al ., 1992); barley Amy pHV 19 (Jacobsen & Close, 1991; Gubler & Jacobsen, 1992)/ Amy 1 / 6-4 (Khursheed & Rogers, 1988; Rogers, Lanahan & Rogers 1994); rice OSamy-a / Amy 3c (Ou-Lee et al ., 1988; Sutcliff et al ., 1991; Yu et al ., 1992; Goldman et al ., 1994); rice Amy 3B (Sutcliffe et al ., 1991); rice OSamy-c (Kim et al ., 1992; Kim & Wu, 1992; Tanida et al ., 1994); rice Amy 1A (Huang et al ., 1990; Itoh et al ., 1995).
Figure 4 ( b ). For legend see facing page.     

Liver function parameters in HIV/HCV co-infected patients treated with amprenavir and ritonavir and correlation with plasma levels

Acute liver toxicity is a frequent adverse event that occurs during antiretroviral therapy and was observed in 6-30% of the patients on treatment, especially in presence of HCV coinfection (Cooper et al., 2002, Maida et al., 2006, Sulkowski et al., 2000). A correlation between HCV-associated liver-fibrosis severity and the risk of HAART associated hepatoxicity has been demonstrated (Aranzabal et al., 2005, Sulkowski et al., 2004). This high liver toxicity rate might be due to increased drug exposure in patients with liver disease (Veronese et al., 2000). It has been reported that patients with chronic hepatitis C show significantly reduced CPY3A4 and CYP2D6 activity in comparison with healthy volunteers (Becquemont et al., 2002). The aim of this study was to evaluate the liver function tests in HCV-co-infected patients treated with fos-amprenavir and ritonavir.     

壳二孢属几个新种和新记录种

本文报告了壳二孢属(Ascochyta)新种4个:(木忽)木壳二孢(Ascochyta araliae Sun et Bai),朝鲜槐壳二孢(A.maackiae Sun et Bai),假酸浆壳二孢(A.nicandrae Sun et Bai)和花椒壳二孢(A.zanthoxyli Sun et Bai)。建立了新组合1个,即淡竹壳二孢(A.osmophila(Davis)L(?) et Bai))。此外,报告了国内新记录种19个。新种有拉丁文和中文描述及图。标本保存于沈阳农业大学真菌标本室(MHSAU)。