中国人卵巢上皮性肿瘤nm23H1基因遗传不稳定性的研究

采用石蜡包埋组织抽提DNA,PCR-单链构象多态性(PCR-SSCP),常规银染、Envision免疫组织化学染色和Leica-Qwin计算机图像分析等方法,研究人类17号染色体D17S396位点微卫星不稳定(microsatellite instablility,MSI)和杂合性缺失(loss of heterozygosity,LOH),对卵巢上皮性肿瘤nm23H1蛋白表达的影响,阐明nm23H1基因遗传不稳定性与卵巢肿瘤进展的关系,为揭示nm23H1基因作用机制和肿瘤转移机制提供实验依据。本实验中,卵巢上皮性癌D17S396位点遗传不稳定发生率为40%,明显高于交界性肿瘤的9.52%,而在良性肿瘤和正常卵巢组织中,未见该位点遗传不稳定的发生。其中,LOH的发生率,随肿瘤恶性程度的增高而增加(P<0.05)。在卵巢上皮性癌中,淋巴转移组的LOH发生率高于无淋巴转移组(P<0.01)。FIGO Ⅲ Ⅳ期的LOH发生率高于Ⅰ Ⅱ期(P<0.05)。MSI发生率与卵巢上皮癌组织类型、分化程度、淋巴转移及FIGO分期均无关。nm23H1 蛋白阳性率在卵巢上皮性癌和交界性肿瘤组织中分别为56.00%和57.14%,高于良性肿瘤的13.64%和正常卵巢组织的8.33%(P<0.01)。卵巢上皮性癌中,淋巴转移组nm23H1蛋白阳性率低于无淋巴转移组;FIGO Ⅲ Ⅳ期nm23H1蛋白阳性率低于Ⅰ Ⅱ期(P<0.05)。此外,计算机图像定量分析显示,在各临床病理参数影响下,nm23H1蛋白的表达强度没有差异。在卵巢上皮性癌中,LOH阳性组中nm23H1蛋白阳性率为0.00%,显著低于LOH阴性组的73.68%(P<0.01)。实验结果提示, nm23H1基因的遗传不稳定性可能是卵巢上皮性癌发生、发展的一个重要机制。LOH的发生可作为卵巢组织恶变的判断指标。nm23H1基因的MSI和LOH,通过相互独立的途径调控卵巢上皮癌的发生和转移,后者可抑制卵巢上皮癌局部nm23H1蛋白的表达,并赋予卵巢上皮癌高淋巴结转移、低预后的特性。提高卵巢上皮癌局部nm23H1蛋白的表达,可减缓肿瘤的淋巴转移并提高预后率。     

中国人结肠癌nm23H1基因遗传不稳定性的研究

采用石蜡包埋组织抽提DNA、PCR-单链构象多态性(SSCP)、常规银染、Envision免疫组织化学和Leica-Qwin计算机图像分析等方法,研究中国人17号染色体D17S396位点微卫星不稳定性和杂合性缺失,对nm23H1基因表达的影响,阐明nm23H1基因遗传不稳定性与结肠癌进展的关系,为临床治疗提供实验依据.实验中,30例结肠癌D17S396位点MSI、LOH检出率和nm23H1蛋白阳性率分别为26.67%、20.00%和53.33%.在肿瘤TNM分期中,Ⅰ+Ⅱ期的MSI检出率和nm23H1蛋白阳性率分别为43.75%和81.25%,高于Ⅲ+Ⅳ期的7.14%(MSI,p＜0.05)和21.43%(nm23H1,p＜0.01).而LOH检出率在Ⅲ+Ⅳ期35.71%高于Ⅰ+Ⅱ期6.25%(p＜0.05).随着结肠癌病理Duke's分期的升高,LOH检出率呈现增加趋势.nm23H1蛋白阳性率在管状腺癌组为60.00%,明显高于粘液腺癌组的20.00%(p＜0.01).随着管状腺癌分化程度的升高,其阳性率呈增高趋势.此外,nm23H1蛋白阳性率在MSI阳性组为75%,也高于MSI阴性组的45.45%(p＜0.05).计算机图像定量分析显示,nm23H1蛋白在各临床病理参数影响下的表达强度没有差异.实验结果提示MSI和LOH通过相互独立的途径调控散发性结肠癌的进展.LOH多发生于散发性结肠癌的晚期阶段并赋予散发性结肠癌细胞高侵袭、低预后的表型.相反,MSI是散发性结肠癌的早期分子标志,提高结肠癌局部nm23H1蛋白表达量可有效抑制结肠癌转移并改善散发性结肠癌患者预后.     

中国人胃癌染色体17q21区域基因遗传不稳定性研究

研究17号染色体上D17S396位点、D17S579及D17S855位点微卫星不稳定性和杂合性缺失,探讨其对胃癌nm23H_1和BRCAl蛋白表达的影响,为胃癌临床治疗及分析预后提供实验依据。石蜡包埋组织中抽提DNA,应用PCR-单链构象多态性(singlestrandconformationpolymorphism,SSCP),常规银染、Envision免疫组织化学及Leica-Qwin计算机图像分析等方法。结果发现,40例胃癌D17S396位点MSI、LOH检出率和nm23H_1蛋白阳性率分别为20.00%、17.50%和55.00%。40例胃癌D17S579位点MSI、LOH检出率和BRCAl蛋白阳性率分别为22.50%、15.00%和37.50%。37例胃癌D17S855位点MSI、LOH检出率和BRCAl蛋白阳性率分别为18.92%、18.92%和37.84%。在肿瘤TNM分期中,上述3个位点MSI检出率在Ⅰ Ⅱ期分别高于Ⅲ Ⅳ期,结果具有统计学意义;而LOH检出率在Ⅲ Ⅳ期分别高于Ⅰ Ⅱ期。随着胃癌TNM分期的升高,MSI检出率呈现降低趋势,而LOH检出率有增加趋势。对于D17S396位点,淋巴结转移组的MSI检出率为5.00%,低于无淋巴结转移的35.00%(P<0.05);在淋巴结转移组,LOH检出率为30.00%,高于无淋巴结转移组(5.00%)(P<0.05)。在D17S579位点,MSI检出率随着胃癌分化程度的降低而呈下降趋势,高、中、低分化组阳性率分别为50.00%、20.00%、0%。TNMⅠ Ⅱ期的nm23H_1蛋白、BRCAl蛋白阳性率明显高于TNMⅢ Ⅳ期,并随着管状腺癌分化程度升高,它们的阳性率呈增高趋势,均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在淋巴结转移组,nm23H_1蛋白阳性率为30.00%,低于无淋巴结转移组的80.00%(P<0.01)。nm23H_1蛋白阳性率在MSI阳性组高于MSI阴性组(P<0.05);而在LOH阳性组nm23H_1蛋白阳性率低于LOH阴性组。BRCAl蛋白阳性率在MSI阳性组高于MSI阴性组(P<0.05)。实验结果提示,MSI和LOH通过不同的途径调控散发性胃癌的发生、转移,MSI可作为胃癌的早期分子指标之一。而nm23H_1蛋白可抑制胃癌转移及恶化,BRCAl蛋白能阻止胃癌向低分化发展,并改善患者预后。     

中国人结肠癌nm23H1基因遗传不稳定性的研究

采用石蜡包埋组织抽提DNA、PCR-单链构象多态性(SSCP)、常规银染、Envision免疫组织化学和Leica-Qwin计算机图像分析等方法,研究中国人17号染色体D17S396位点微卫星不稳定性和杂合性缺失,对nm23H_1基因表达的影响,阐明nm23H_1基因遗传不稳定性与结肠癌进展的关系,为临床治疗提供实验依据。实验中,30例结肠癌D17S396位点MSI、LOH检出率和nm23H_1蛋白阳性率分别为26.67%、20.00%和53.33%。在肿瘤TNM分期中,Ⅰ+Ⅱ期的MSI检出率和nm23H_1蛋白阳性率分别为43.75%和81.25%,高于Ⅲ+Ⅳ期的7.14%(MSI,p<0.05)和21.43%(nm23H_1,p<0.01)。而LOH检出率在Ⅲ+Ⅳ期35.71%高于Ⅰ+Ⅱ期6.25%(p<0.05)。随着结肠癌病理Duke’s分期的升高,LOH检出率呈现增加趋势。nm23H_1蛋白阳性率在管状腺癌组为60.00%,明显高于粘液腺癌组的20.00%(p<0.01)。随着管状腺癌分化程度的升高,其阳性率呈增高趋势。此外,nm23H_1蛋白阳性率在MSI阳性组为75%,也高于MSI阴性组的45.45%(p<0.05)。计算机图像定量分析显示,nm23H_1蛋白在各临床病理参数影响下的表达强度没有差异。实验结果提示MSI和LOH通过相互独立的途径调控散发性结肠癌的进展。LOH多发生于散发性结肠癌的晚期阶段并赋予散发性结肠癌细胞高侵袭、低预后的表型。相反,MSI是散发性结肠癌的早期分子标志,提高结肠癌局部nm23H_1蛋白表达量可有效抑制结肠癌转移并改善散发性结肠癌患者预后。     

中国人胃癌KAI1基因表达及遗传不稳定性

采用Envision免疫组织化学,Leica-Qwin计算机图像分析,石蜡包埋组织抽提DNA,PCR-单链构象多态性(SSCP)和常规银染等方法,对56例石蜡包埋胃癌标本及其相应的正常组织,进行KAI1蛋白表达水平的研究和D1S1344、D11S1326位点微卫星不稳定(MSI)、杂合性缺失(LOH)的检测,为揭示KAI1基因作用机制和肿瘤转移机制提供实验依据。实验中,胃癌KAI1蛋白阳性检出率为55.4%(31/56):随着癌组织浸润程度的进展,其阳性率呈降低趋势(P<0.01);在无淋巴结转移的肿瘤组织KAI1蛋白表达率为83.9%,显著高于淋巴结转移肿瘤组织的20.0%;在肿瘤结节转移(tumor node metastasis,TNM)Ⅰ Ⅱ期,KAI1蛋白阳性率为82.8%,明显高于TNMⅢ Ⅳ期的25.9%(P<0.01)。56例胃癌D11S1326、D11S1344位点的SSCP分析中,均未出现MSI或LOH。实验结果提示,KAI1蛋白表达与胃癌组织浸润、淋巴结转移及恶性进展密切相关。在胃癌的发生发展中,KAI1基因未见遗传不稳定性改变。     

胃癌nm23H1 mRNA、VEGF-C mRNA表达及其与淋巴转移、生存率的相关性研究

研究胃癌组织nm23H1 mRNA、VEGF-C mRNA和VEGFR-3的表达与胃癌中的新生淋巴管的生成、肿瘤淋巴道转移和生存率关系,为临床治疗及预后提供实验依据。用胃癌与癌周组织作对照,应用原位杂交法检测78例胃癌组织nm23H1 mRNA、VEGF-C mRNA表达,并以VEGFR-3抗体为标记,经EnVisionTM免疫组织化学及Leica-Qwin计算机图像分析,用Weidner最高血管密度计数法,计数阳性淋巴管数(MLC),以及调查患者术后的生存率。胃癌nm23H1 mRNA阳性表达 69．23％(54例)、nm23H1 mRNA阳性表达与胃癌淋巴结转移、TNM分期、MLC呈负相关(P<0．01), VEGF-C mRNA阳性表达46．15％(36例),其与胃癌淋巴结转移、TNM分期、MLC呈正相关(P<0．01 或P<0．05)．与癌周组织的nm23H1 mRNA和VEGF-C mRNA表达比较,具有显著性差异(P<0．01 或P<0．05)。nm23H1 mRNA在Ⅰ、Ⅱ期胃癌中呈高表达,在Ⅲ、Ⅳ期患者中呈低或无表达。胃癌组织的MLC(8．37±2．29/mm2)显著高于癌周组织(4．51±2．64/mm2),两者比较具有显著性差异(P<0．05)。 nm23H1 mRNA与VEGFR-3表达之间存在负相关(P<0．05,r=0．8479);VEGF-C mRNA与VEG- FR-3表达之间存在正相关(P<0．05,r=0．8362)。在根治术5年内死亡的61．54％(48例)患者中 MLC(10.82±2．51/mm2)高于5年内生存的患者(6．53±2．09/mm2),两组间有显著性差异(P<0．05);在不同的肿瘤病理学分级中,胃癌未、低分化型与高、中分化型的nm23H1 mRNA阳性表达,有显著性差异(P<0．05),当nm23H1 mRNA高表达时,肿瘤淋巴转移率低,生存率高,故认为nm23H1基因具有抑制胃癌发生和淋巴道转移作用;当VEGF-C mRNA高表达时,肿瘤淋巴转移率高,生存率低。胃癌组织中的VEGFR-3表达水平与肿瘤的淋巴转移密切相关,胃癌组织MLC的显著增高,提示肿瘤组织有新淋巴管的生成。VEGF-C促进了肿瘤诱导的淋巴管新生,在胃癌的淋巴道转移中起重要作用。     

组织微阵列技术研究肿瘤转移相关基因在鼻咽癌中的表达与临床意义

利用高通量组织微阵列结合免疫组化检测MT1-MMP、MT2-MMP、Ezrin、nm23-H1、E-cad和TIMP-2在鼻咽癌组织中的蛋白质表达,探讨肿瘤转移相关基因异常表达在鼻咽癌侵袭转移中的作用,筛选鼻咽癌转移相关分子标志物.结果发现,鼻咽癌组织存在MT1-MMP、Ezrin蛋白高表达(P<0.01)和nm23-H1、TIMP-2蛋白低表达(P<0.05).临床Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期和Ⅳ期鼻咽癌和淋巴结转移鼻咽癌中MT1-MMP、MT2-MMP和Ezrin蛋白阳性表达显著高于临床Ⅰ期鼻咽癌和无转移癌(P<0.05,P<0.01),但临床Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期和Ⅳ期鼻咽癌和淋巴结转移鼻咽癌中nm23-H1蛋白的阳性表达显著低于临床Ⅰ期鼻咽癌和无转移癌(P<0.05).鼻咽癌组织中MT1-MMP与MT2-MMP r=0.308,P<0.001),nm23-H1与E-cad(r=0.167,P<0.05)及TIMP-2(r=0.279,P=0.001),E-cad与TIMP-2(r=0.279,P=0.001)的蛋白质表达旱显著正相关.MT1-MMP与E-cad(r=-0.188,P<0.05)及TIMP-2(r=-0.233,P<0.05),Ezrin与E-cad(r=-0.204,P<0.05)的蛋白质表达呈显著性负相关.聚类分析显示,鼻咽癌MT1-MMP、MT2-MMP和Ezrin蛋白共同阳性表达显著高于慢性炎性鼻咽上皮(P<0.05),但nm23-H1、E-cad和TIMP-2蛋白在鼻咽癌组织中的共同阴性显著高于癌旁上皮和慢性炎性鼻咽上皮(P<0.05,P<0.01).多因素分析和有效性评估发现,MT1-MMP蛋白能较好地独立预测鼻咽癌淋巴结转移和临床进展.上述研究结果提示,多个肿瘤转移基因的蛋白质高表达,转移抑制基因的低表达和这些基因的蛋白质表达失平衡在鼻咽癌淋巴结转移和临床进展过程中起重要作用.MTI-MMP蛋白可作为预测鼻咽癌淋巴结转移的较好分子标志.     

胃癌组织中COX-2和nm23的表达及意义

目的:探讨环氧合酶-2(COX-2)和nm23蛋白在胃癌组织中的表达及意义.方法:应用免疫组化方法检测了52胃癌组织及20正常胃黏膜中COX-2和nm23的表达,并在显微镜下计数阳性细胞数,统计比较胃癌组织和正常组织中COX-2和nm23的阳性表达率.结果:COX-2蛋白在胃癌组织和正常胃黏膜组织中阳性表达率分别为67.3%和5.0%,胃癌组织中COX-2蛋白阳性率显著高于正常胃黏膜(P＜0.01).nm23蛋白在胃癌组织和正常胃黏膜组织中阳性表达率分别为30.7%和75.0%,胃癌组织中nm23蛋白阳性率显著低于正常胃黏膜(P＜0.01).COX-2的异常表达与肿瘤细胞分化程度、肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结转移、TNM分期显著相关(P＜0.05).nm23阳性表达率与肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结转移、TNM分期显著相关(P＜0.05),而与肿瘤细胞分化程度无显著性相关(P＞0.05).结论:COX-2与nm23表达与胃癌的临床病理特征密切相关.COX-2与nm23可作为反映胃癌侵袭转移、判断预后的生物学指标.     

nm23基因与结核菌L型感染在前列腺癌中的表达及意义

目的 探讨转移抑制基因nm23和结核菌L型感染在前列腺癌中的表达及临床相关性研究.方法 应用免疫组化、原位杂交和抗酸染色等方法检测了65例前列腺癌(carcinoma of prostate,Pca)中的nm23蛋白及mRNA的表达,以及结核菌L型的检出率.并对前列腺癌主要临床资料和病理分级参数进行比较,用χ2检验进行统计学处理.结果 nm23蛋白及mRNA阳性表达与前列腺癌的临床分期、病理分级差异有显著性(P<0.01～0.05);无淋巴结转移者高于有淋巴结者,2组之间差异有显著性(P<0.05),呈负相关.结核菌L型检出率与前列腺癌的临床分期、病理分级差异有显著性(P<0.05);有淋巴结转移者明显高于无淋巴结转移者,2组之间差异有显著性(P<0.05),呈正相关.结论 nm23蛋白及mRNA在前列腺肿瘤中有不同程度的异常表达,可能与结核菌L型感染有协同致瘤作用.提示nm23基因可作为判断前列腺癌分化程度及患者预后参考指标.结核菌L型感染与前列腺癌的发生发展可能有一定关系,因此研究结核菌L型感染与前列腺癌的关系,具有重要的临床应用价值.     

DNAJC10基因在鼻咽癌中的表达及表达下调机制的研究

运用RT-PCR检测候选抑瘤基因DNAJC10在鼻咽癌组织中的表达,运用甲基化特异性PCR(MSPCR)技术、LOH和测序等技术分别检测DNAJC10基因在鼻咽癌组织中的甲基化状况、LOH和启动子突变情况.结果表明,DNAJC10基因在肿瘤组织中较对照慢性鼻咽炎组织表达明显下调(P<0.05).DNAJC10在鼻咽癌中不表现高甲基化,其LOH的缺失率为6.25%,突变率为66.7%.因此,DNAJC10基因的表达下调主要是其遗传改变(LOH和突变)所致.     

中国人卵巢上皮性肿瘤nm23H1基因遗传不稳定性的研究

The aim of this study was to examine microsatellite instability (MSI) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of locus D17S396 on chromosome 17 and their influence on the expression of nm23H1 in the epithelial ovarian tumors, which may provide experimental basis for the mechanism of nm23H1 gene and tumor metastasis. Techniques such as DNA extraction from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues, polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP), ordinary silver stain were used to study MSI and LOH of locus D17S396. Envision immunohistochemistry and Leica-Qwin computer imaging techniques were used to assess the expression of nm23H1 gene. In our experiments, the frequency of heredity instability of malignant ovarian tumors was 40%, which is higher than that of borderline ovarian tumors, while there were no heredity instability occurred in benign ovarian tumors and normal ovarian tissue. Among 25 epithelial ovarian carcinomas, the frequency of LOH in lymph node metastasis cases (66.67%) was significantly higher than those without metastasis (10.53%). Moreover, the frequency of LOH was higher in FIGO stage III and IV than in stage I and II. However, the frequency of MSI showed no correlation with any clinicopathologic characteristics. The positive frequency of nm23H1 protein in the ovarian epithelial carcinoma and borderline tumors were 56.00% and 57.14%, respectively. They were both higher than those of the benign tumors and normal ovarian tissue. In the epithelial ovarian carcinomas, the positive frequency of nm23H1 protein in lymph node metastasis case was significantly lower than those without metastasis. FIGO stage III and IV also exhibited lower positive frequency of nm23H1 protein compared with stage I and II. Furthermore, there was no difference in nm23H1 protein expression intensity analyzed by computer imaging. In the epithelial ovarian carcinomas, the positive frequency of nm23H1 protein in LOH positive group was 0.00%, which is lower than that of LOH negative group (P < 0.01). The results indicated that the heredity instability of nm23H1 gene might be implicated in pathogenesis and progression of epithelial ovarian tumor. The occurrence of LOH might be the molecule marker of the deteriorism of ovarian tissue. Both MSI and LOH of nm23H1 gene controlled development of the epithelial ovarian tumor independently in different paths. LOH could inhibit the expression of nm23H1 in local tissue of the epithelial ovarian carcinoma, which endowed it with high aggressive and poor prognosis. Increasing the amount of nm23H1 protein expression could effectively restrain metastasis of the ovarian epithelial carcinoma and improve prognosis of patients.     

中国人胃癌染色体17q21区域基因遗传不稳定性研究

To investigate microsatellite instability (MSI) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of locus D17S396, D17S579 and D17S855, and their effect on the expression of nm23H1 and BRCA1 of gastric cancer, which would provide experimental basis for clinical treatment and prognosis analysis of gastric cancer. DNA was extracted from paraffin-embedded materials. Polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) was used to analyze MSI and LOH. Expression of nm23H, and BRCA1 was detected by Envision immuno-histochemistry and Leica-Qwin computer imaging techniques. In the forty cases of gastric cancer, the frequency of MSI, LOH and nm23H1 protein were 20.00%, 17.50% and 55.00% respectively at locus D17S396, while at locus D17S579, the frequency of MSI, LOH and BRCA1 protein were 22.50%, 15.00% and 37.50% respectively; at locus D17S855, the frequency of MSI, LOH and BRCA1 of thirty-seven cases were 18.92%, 18.92%, 37.84% respectively. In tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging, at locus D17S396, D17S579 and D17S855, MSI in stages I + II appeared more frequently than that in stages III + IV, while LOH appeared the contrary tendency. In the group of metastasis of gastric cancer, MSI had a less frequency (5.00%) than that with no metastasis (35.00%, P < 0.05) at locus D17S396, but LOH appeared more frequently (30.00%) than that with no metastasis (5.00%, P < 0.05). At locus D17S579, MSI had an increasing tendency with the degree of tumor differentiation (50.00% in high differentiation cases, 20.00% in middle differentiation cases, and 0% in low differentiation cases, P < 0.05). The frequency of nm23H1 and BRCA1 protein in stages TNM I + II was higher than that in stages TNM III + IV; and that in higher differentiation cases was higher than in poor differentiation cases. The frequency of nm23H1 protein in the group of metastasis (30.00%) was less than that with no metastasis significantly (80.00%, P<0.01). The frequency of nm23H1 protein in the group positive to MSI (87.50%) was higher than that in the group negative to MSI (46.88%, P < 0.05). However, nm23H1 protein in group positive to LOH (14.29%) was lower than that in the group negative to LOH (63.64%, P < 0.05). The frequency of BRCA1 protein in the group positive to MSI (66.67%) was more than that in the group negative to MSI (29.03%, P < 0.05). The results of experiments indicate that MSI and LOH may separately control the development of sporadic colon cancer with different pathways. MSI may be an early period molecule marker for sporadic colon cancer, enhanced expression of nm23H1 protein can effectively inhibit colon cancer metastasis and improve prognosis of sporadic colon cancer patients. By comparison, LOH mostly arises in the late period of sporadic colon cancer and endows a high aggressive and poor prognostic phenotype. nm23H1 protein could effectively restrain gastric cancer metastasis and development; and BRCA1 protein could restain tumor from becoming lower differentiation.     

中国人结肠癌nm23H1基因遗传不稳定性的研究

Techniques such as DNA extraction from paraffin-embedded tissues, polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP), ordinary silver stain, Envision immunohistochemistry and Leica-Qwin computer imaging techniques were used to study microsatellite instability (MSI) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of locus D17S396 at the 17th chromosome of Chinese patients and their influence on the expression of gene nm23H1, and to clarify the relationship between the genetic instability of gene nm23H1 and the development of colon cancer, which may provide experimental basis for clinical treatment. In our experiments, the frequency of MSI, LOH and nm23H1 protein reacted positive of 30 cases of colon cancer were 26.67%, 20.00% and 53.33% respectively. In tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging, the positive frequency of MSI (43.75%) and nm23H1 protein (81.25%) in stage I + II were more than those (MSI 7.14%, p < 0.05 and nm23H1 21.43%, p < 0.01) in stage III + IV, while the frequency of LOH (35.71%), which had a rising trend along with the Duke's staging increasing, was higher than that of LOH (6.25%, p < 0.05) in stage I + II. The positive frequency of nm23H1 protein in the group of tubular adenocarcinoma (60.00%) was distinctively higher than that in the group of mucoid adenocarcinoma (20.00%, p < 0.01), showing a rising trend along with the increase of the differentiation degree of tubular adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, the positive frequency of nm23H1 protein in MSI positive group was also higher than MSI negative group (p < 0.05). And there was no difference in nm23H1 protein expression analyzed by computer imaging techniques. The results of experiments indicated that both MSI and LOH controlled the development of sporadic colon cancer independently in different paths. LOH occurred mostly in the late period of sporadic colon cancer and endowed with it a high aggressive and poor prognosis. In contrast, MSI was an early period molecule marker of sporadic colon cancer. Increasing the amount of nm23H1 protein expression could effectively restrain colon cancer metastasis and improved prognosis of sporadic colon cancer patients.     

结直肠腺瘤中的微卫星不稳定性类型

应用微切割 聚合酶链反应 单链长度多态性 (PCR SSLP)的方法 ,检测 1 6个微卫星位点在 5 9例 6 2个结直肠腺瘤标本的微卫星不稳定性状态 .结果表明 :腺瘤 1 6个位点的总微卫星不稳定性(microsatelliteinstability ,MSI)发生率为 1 4 4 % ,MSI H所占的比率为 9 7% ;在 1 0例可以同时微切割得到腺瘤和癌变成分的病例中 ,腺瘤和癌变成分在每个微卫星位点的改变情况不完全相同 ,并且当在某一位点同时表现为阳性时 ,部分凝胶电泳的图像相同 ,而部分不同 ;在某些位点表现为癌变成分的异常条带泳动速度更快 ,说明序列比腺瘤中更短 ;MSI H与病人的年龄、性别、腺瘤发生部位和病理学亚型之间未见统计学差异 ,但MSI H组的平均年龄 (5 6 5 0± 1 1 38)低于MSI L组 (6 0 36±1 1 34) ,女性所占比率 (5 6 )明显高于男性 ,6例MSI H中无 1例组织学类型为管状腺瘤 ;各位点在MSI H组的MSI改变率明显高于MSI L组 ,在TGFβRⅡ (A) 1 0 、hMSH6、TCF4、BAT2 6等位点有明显差异 (P <0 0 5 ,其中BAT2 6的P <0 0 1 ) .可以推断 :在结直肠癌发生发展的早期即腺瘤阶段即可表现微卫星不稳定性 ;微卫星不稳定性可以随结直肠肿瘤的发展过程而发展 ,并且特定的微卫星位点的改变可能仅发生于肿瘤进程的特定阶段 ;在结直肠癌     

人肝癌原位移植转移模型特性实验研究

目的　建立人肝癌细胞系HCC-9724(简称H)淋巴结转移模型,研究肿瘤转移机理。方法　采用裸鼠肝脏原位移植法,接种肿瘤细胞,取其淋巴结转移灶反复肝内接种,连续传三代后,观察其转移特性,采用SABC法测定淋巴结中nm23和Ⅳ型胶原酶表达。结果　裸鼠原位接种50d,肝内长出约1.7cm×6.0cm大小的肿瘤,呈分叶状,质地较软,周围血供丰富,瘤组织与邻近脏器粘连,有明显的浸润和转移,经裸鼠三次筛选后肿瘤潜伏期短(15d),瘤体大,形成广泛的肠系膜淋巴结转移,淋巴结中Ⅳ型胶原酶表达呈强阳性;而nm23呈弱阳性。结论　采用裸鼠肝原位移植法,反复筛选,获得了人肝癌淋巴结高转移模型。     

maspin在食管鳞状细胞癌中的表达及其与微血管密度的关系

目的研究旨在寻找能预测食管鳞状细胞癌(esophageal squamous cell carcinoma,ESCC)浸润、转移及术后生存率的生物因子。方法采用免疫组织化学ElivisionTM plus法检测100例ESCC和30例正常食管组织中maspin的表达和微血管密度(microvessel density,MVD)情况。结果在正常食管组织和ESCC组织中,maspin的阳性表达率分别为100%和43.0%,差异有显著性(P<0.01);maspin的表达水平与肿瘤的分化程度、浸润深度、淋巴结转移和临床分期有关(全部P<0.01);MVD计数与肿瘤的大小、分化程度、淋巴结转移以及临床分期有关(全部P<0.01);且maspin的表达与MVD计数呈负相关(P<0.01)。结论 maspin的表达和MVD计数与ESCC组织的分化程度、转移和预后等均有关;maspin和MVD联合检测对ESCC的进展及预后判断有重要意义。     

TSHR蛋白在宫颈癌的表达及其与HPV-16感染的关系

目的研究促甲状腺激素受体（TSHR）在子宫颈癌组织的表达及其与乳头瘤病毒（HPV－16）的关系。方法应用免疫组织化学链霉菌抗生物素过氧化物酶（SP）法检测79例子宫颈癌和30例子宫颈炎组织HPV－16与TSHR蛋白表达。79例癌症患者中病理分级〈Ⅱ级33例,≥Ⅱ级46例;病理分期〈Ⅱ期56例,≥Ⅱ期23例;无淋巴结转移66例,有淋巴结转移13例;肿瘤大小〈3cm44例,肿瘤大小≥3cm35例。结果HPV－16在子宫颈癌表达率55．70％明显高于宫颈炎5％（P〈0．05）,TSHR在子宫颈癌表达率68．35％明显高于宫颈炎26．67％（P〈0．05）。HPV－16表达与肿瘤的大小、肿瘤分级、分期、淋巴结转移不相关。TSHR表达与肿瘤的大小呈正相关,P〈0．05,与肿瘤分级、分期及淋巴结转移不相关。HPV－16与TSHR在宫颈癌表达呈正相关。结论HPV感染对宫颈癌病变起到强烈的预警作用。TSHR不仅在甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞表达,在子宫颈癌细胞也表达,TSHR过表达能促进宫颈细胞的异常增殖,其异常功能可能是恶性肿瘤特定的临床表型。HPV与TSHR在子宫颈癌变过程中起协同作用。     

Loss of heterozygosity and microsatellite instability in tumor-associated stromal cells and tumor epithelium of prostate cancer

In the past decade, intense studies of the tumor microenvironment yielded ample data testifying to the critical role of stroma in carcinogenesis. Genetic lesions accumulate not only in the tumor epithelium, but also in tumor-associated fibroblasts. The epithelial and stromal components of prostate cancer (PC) and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) were isolated by laser capture microdissection and subjected to microsatellite analysis of chromosome regions 8p22, 13q14, and 16q23. The frequency of allele alterations in the epithelium was 48% for 8p22, 72% for 13q14, and 37% for 16q23. Slightly higher frequencies of the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and microsatellite instability in these loci were observed in tumor-associated stroma. Molecular alterations were also found in both epithelial (16–27%) and stromal (8–22%) components in PIN. LOH on chromosomes 16 and 13 in the epithelium was significantly associated with the Gleason score, PC stage, and metastasis into regional lymph nodes. Thus, multiple genetic aberrations occur in the stromal component of PC as frequently as in the tumor epithelium.     

High frequency of microsatellite instability in sporadic colorectal cancer patients in Iran

Microsatellite instability in sporadic colorectal cancer patients was assessed, and the clinicopathological associations were evaluated in northeastern Iran, which is a high-risk region for gastrointestinal malignancies. Microsatellite instability (MSI) status of tumoral tissue, compared to normal tissue, was assessed with a standard panel of MSI markers on paraffin-embedded surgically resected tissues from 67 consecutive sporadic colorectal cancer patients. Eleven of the patients were under 40 years old. Female patients were significantly younger than male patients (mean age 54.2 vs 62.1 years, P = 0.020). MSI analysis revealed 18 cases of MSI-H (26.9%), 11 MSI-L (16.4%) and 38 MSS (microsatellite stable tumors; 56.7%). While a greater proportion of patients consisted of males, 56.7 vs 43.3% females, MSI-H was more frequent in females (34.5 vs 21.5%). MSI was associated with proximal location of tumor (P = 0.003) and lower stages of tumor (P = 0.002), while MSS tumors were associated with node metastasis. MSI has a higher frequency in sporadic colorectal cancer patients, suggesting that molecular epidemiology of the genetic alterations involved in colorectal cancer carcinogenesis has a different pattern in the Iranian population, which deserves further epidemiological attention. The high frequency of MSI-H in this population suggests that we should look at microsatellite instability prior to chemotherapy to determine the most appropriate chemotherapeutic strategy in our population.