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1.
ABC转运蛋白的结构与转运机制   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
腺苷三磷酸结合盒转运蛋白(ATP-binding cassette transponer,ABC转运蛋白)超家族是一组跨膜蛋白,具有ATP结合区域的单向底物转运泵,以主动转运方式完成多种分子的跨膜转运.ABC转运蛋白的一个亚家族与多药抗性(multidrug resistance,MDR)有关,而多药抗性是临床肿瘤化疗中需要解决的主要问题,所以其结构与转运机制一直是研究的热点.最近几年获得了一些高分辨率的ABC转运蛋白的晶体结构,该文将根据ABC转运蛋白的结构的研究进展对其可能的转运机制进行讨论.  相似文献   

2.
ABC转运蛋白研究的新进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
ABC转运蛋白主要包括P-糖蛋白、多药耐药相关蛋白和乳腺癌耐药蛋白,它们属于同一家族,具有保守的功能结构域和多样化的生物学功能。ABC转运蛋白部分成员的过表达与肿瘤细胞的多药耐药性(MDR)密切相关,是导致化疗失败的主要原因。随着对MDR机制认识的深入,针对多药耐药蛋白的特异结构域已设计出多种形式的MDR逆转药物。近年来发现,ABC转运蛋白广泛存在于多种正常的组织和器官,参与药物和内、外源毒素的吸收、分布和排泄,行使解毒和防御保护的作用。因此,通过转植ABC转运蛋白基因有可能降低经济鱼类、虾等水产品中有毒污染物的积累。  相似文献   

3.
植物ABC和MATE转运蛋白与次生代谢物跨膜转运   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
植物产生大量的次生代谢物,不但对植物自身适应性具有极其重要的作用,而且有着巨大的实用价值。次生代谢物的跨膜转运是植物次生代谢工程研究的一个新兴领域。ABC(ATP-binding cassette)和MATE(multidrug and toxin extrusion)转运蛋白与生物体内多种物质的跨膜转运有关,在植物次生代谢物的运输过程中均发挥着重要作用。文章主要综述了ABC和MATE转运蛋白在植物次生代谢物跨膜转运中的研究进展。  相似文献   

4.
纳他霉素是一种天然、广谱、高效的多烯大环内酯类还原性抗真菌剂,广泛应用于食品真菌污染的防治和临床真菌感染的治疗。纳他霉素胞外转运效率可能是限制褐黄孢链霉菌(Streptomyces gilvosporeus)发酵高产纳他霉素的重要因素。通过生物信息学及分子对接技术分析纳他霉素胞外转运蛋白SgnA/B,发现SgnA和SgnB两个异源二聚体组成的ABC转运蛋白是内向开口构象的转运蛋白,且2个结合位点与纳他霉素结合能力有强弱差异,更有利于纳他霉素的胞外转运。本研究以纳他霉素生产菌株——褐黄孢链霉菌F607为出发菌株,构建了sgnA/B基因超表达菌株F-EX,以分析sgn A/B基因超表达对纳他霉素合成及胞外转运的影响。研究发现,纳他霉素对数合成期的F-EX菌株不仅提高了纳他霉素胞外/胞内比,其120 h发酵总产量也提高了12.5%,达到7.38 g/L。最后,通过转录组测序发现,sgnA/B基因超表达除提高纳他霉素胞外转运效率外,还影响了与多种氨基酸、丙酸盐、糖、五碳化合物代谢和TCA循环相关基因的表达。研究表明,强化纳他霉素胞外转运有利于纳他霉素的合成,是提高褐黄孢链霉菌纳他霉素产量的有效...  相似文献   

5.
腺苷三磷酸结合盒转运蛋白(ATP-binding cassette transporter,ABC transporter)基因家族在原核生物和真核生物中广泛存在,该家族蛋白能够利用ATP裂解产生的能量将多种底物转运到膜上,参与多种生物过程,如营养摄入、细胞解毒、脂质稳态、信号转导、病毒防御以及抗原呈递等。目前,鱼类中,只在斑马鱼、斑点叉尾鮰和鲤鱼等少数鱼类中对该基因家族进行了系统的研究,关于金鱼ABC转运蛋白基因家族的详细分析,未见报道。本研究中,我们利用三代结合二代测序技术构建的金鱼转录组参考基因集数据,鉴定出55个ABC转运蛋白基因,通过系统进化分析将它们分为8个亚家族(A^H)。即金鱼ABC转运蛋白基因是由10个ABCA、14个ABCB、13个ABCC、5个ABCD、1个ABCE、4个ABCF、7个ABCG和1个ABCH组成。同时,我们将金鱼与斑马鱼、斑点叉尾鮰和鲤鱼等物种ABC转运蛋白基因家族成员的数目进行比较分析,推测硬骨鱼类特异的第3次全基因复制(3R-WGD)和谱系特异的第4次全基因组复制(4R-WGD)对金鱼该基因家族成员数目的影响。本研究结果为金鱼ABC转运蛋白基因功能的研究提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

6.
【目的】ABC(ATP-binding cassette)转运蛋白是一类重要的跨膜蛋白超家族,某些ABC转运蛋白基因在一些害虫的抗药性品系中表达显著提高。本研究旨在克隆禾谷缢管蚜 Rhopalosiphum padi ABC转运蛋白基因RhpaABCG9,RhpaABCG20和RhpaABCG23 cDNA全序列,分析这3个基因在该虫不同发育阶段和不同抗药性品系中的表达模式,为阐明ABC转运蛋白在禾谷缢管蚜抗药性中的作用和其他生理功能,以及深入分析该虫抗药性机理奠定基础。【方法】采用RT-PCR与RACE技术,克隆了基因cDNA全序列;利用实时荧光定量PCR技术,研究这3个基因在禾谷缢管蚜不同生长发育阶段和不同抗药性品系中的表达变化。【结果】获得了RhpaABCG9,RhpaABCG20和RhpaABCG23 3个基因cDNA全序列,其开放阅读框长度分别为2 103,2 436 和2 082 bp,分别编码700, 811和693个氨基酸。结构分析表明,3个蛋白均具有ABC转运蛋白家族典型的结构特征;系统进化分析结果显示,3个蛋白氨基酸序列分别与豌豆蚜Acyrthosiphon pisum各对应氨基酸的序列一致性最高。实时荧光定量PCR分析结果表明,这3个基因在禾谷缢管蚜不同发育时期均不同程度表达。RhpaABCG20在各个发育时期的表达变化差异不显著;RhpaABCG9表达量在4龄若蚜最高,在1龄若蚜最低;RhpaABCG23 表达量在3龄若蚜最高,1龄若蚜最低,其他阶段差异不显著。禾谷缢管蚜异丙威抗性品系中,RhpaABCG20表达量显著高于敏感品系,而RhpaABCG9和RhpaABCG23表达量均低于敏感品系,但差异不显著;禾谷缢管蚜吡虫啉抗性品系中,RhpaABCG20和RhpaABCG23表达量显著高于敏感品系,而RhpaABCG9表达上调不显著。【结论】RhpaABCG9,RhpaABCG20和RhpaABCG23基因可能参与禾谷缢管蚜体内农药的运输,并与禾谷缢管蚜的抗药性具有一定的关系。本研究结果为进一步深入分析禾谷缢管蚜的抗药性机制,以及该虫的抗药性治理与综合防治奠定了基础。  相似文献   

7.
[目的]分析杀念菌素/FR-008生物合成途径中转运基因fscTⅠ和ficTⅡ的功能.[方法]构建转运基因fscTⅠ和fscTⅡ的敲除质粒pJTU4137,并通过接合转移和同源重组双交换的方法得到转运基因缺失突变株.转运基因fscTⅠ和ficTⅡ也被克隆到高拷贝质粒pJTU 1278上用于在链霉菌FR-008(Streptomyces sp.FR-008)的衍生菌株ZYJ-6中进行转运蛋白的过量表达.[结果]获得了转运蛋白缺失的双交换突变株LX10,发酵结果显示该突变株不再产生杀念菌素及其衍生物 ;过量表达转运蛋白的基因工程菌株LX11,其杀念菌素的产量约是对照菌株的1.5倍.[结论]体内遗传实验进一步证实FR-008生物合成途径中的fscTⅠ和fscTⅡ是ATP依赖的ABC转运基因,fscTⅠ与fscTⅡ的过量表达增加了杀念菌素的产量,为利用此方法提高其它多烯类抗生素的产量提供了例证.  相似文献   

8.
ABC转运蛋白及其在合成生物学中的应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
ABC转运蛋白(ATP-binding cassette transporter,ABC transporter)作为一种超大膜转运蛋白家族,在大多数生物体中发挥着重要作用。文中从结构特征、转运机制以及生理功能等方面论述了ABC转运蛋白的研究进展,进而着重综述了近些年来ABC转运蛋白在合成生物学领域中的应用,并为今后进一步的研究提出了展望,希望为扩展其应用提供指导。  相似文献   

9.
ABC转运蛋白是一类利用ATP水解能量,逆浓度方向将一系列化合物转运通过膜结构的膜蛋白,这一类蛋白能转运离子,糖,氨基酸,维生素,多肽,多糖,激素,脂类及生物异源物质.P-糖蛋白(P-gp)、多药耐药相关蛋白(MRP)和乳腺癌耐药蛋白(BCRP)等ABC转运蛋白还具有转运抗癌药物的能力,因此对化疗的有效性有负面的影响.近年来,许多研究涉及到如何逆转由ABC转 运蛋白引起的肿瘤多药耐药性.本文概述了近年来在蛋白水平,mRNA水平或DNA水平上对ABC转运蛋白调控的研究.  相似文献   

10.
结核分枝杆菌ABC转运蛋白与物质的跨膜转运   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
结核分枝杆菌作为一种胞内寄生菌,主要存在于巨噬细胞吞噬体内,并且通过与宿主细胞竞争摄取营养物质、主动排出有毒物质来维持生存。因此,参与上述过程的ABC转运蛋白在结核分枝杆菌的致病中发挥着举足轻重的作用。已有报道结核分枝杆菌基因组编码了38个ABC转运蛋白。这类蛋白质有着广泛的底物结合谱,参与了无机离子、糖类、氨基酸、寡肽、药物等多种物质的跨膜转运。本文将对结核分枝杆菌编码的ABC转运蛋白超家族中的不同成员及其底物特异性、转运机制以及与毒力的关系的研究进展进行综述。  相似文献   

11.
ABC (ATP-binding cassette) transporters form the largest family of membrane proteins in micro-organisms where they are able to transport a wide variety of substrates against a concentration gradient, in an ATP-dependent process. Two genes from the same putative Bacillus subtilis operon, yheI and yheH, encoding possibly two different ABC transporters, were overexpressed in Escherichia coli in high yield, either separately or jointly. Using membrane vesicles, it is shown here that both subunits were required to detect, (i) the transport of four structurally unrelated drugs, and (ii) a vanadate-sensitive ATPase activity. Mutation of the invariant Walker-A lysine to an alanine residue in both subunits led to an inactive transporter. Moreover, after membrane solubilization by detergent, both wild-type subunits co-purified on a Ni-Agarose affinity column while only the YheH subunit contained a hexa-histidine tag. This shows that YheI and YheH are indeed able to interact together to form a heterodimer. Importantly, expression of both yheI and yheH genes in B. subtilis could be strongly stimulated by addition of sub-inhibitory concentrations of various unrelated antibiotics. Therefore, B. subtilis YheI/YheH forms a new heterodimeric multidrug ABC transporter possibly involved in multiple antibiotic resistance in vivo.  相似文献   

12.
ABC转运蛋白家族是一个广泛存在于不同生物细胞中且功能保守的膜蛋白亚家族;它们是一类单向底物转运泵,通常以主动转运方式完成多种分子的跨膜转运。随着抗生素合成基因簇相关研究的开展,越来越多的簇内ABC转运蛋白被鉴定出来,对其生物学功能的研究正逐渐成为热点。多烯类抗生素作为一类重要的抗真菌药物,能够有效避免真菌产生耐药性,具有非常重要的临床价值。本文以多烯类抗生素合成基因簇为对象,综述了在其中所发现的ABC转运蛋白的研究进展,综合分析了其结构特性与功能间的关系,并对研究应用进行了展望。  相似文献   

13.
14.
    
The Bacillus subtilis yts, yxd and yvc gene clusters encode a putative ABC transporter and a functionally coupled two-component system. When tested for their sensitivity towards a series of antibiotics, null yts mutants were found to be sensitive to bacitracin. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) experiments demonstrated that the presence of bacitracin in the growth medium strongly stimulates the expression of the ytsCD genes encoding the ABC transporter and that this stimulation strictly depends on the YtsA response regulator. The ywoA gene encodes a protein known to confer some resistance to bacitracin on the bacterium. When it was mutated in a null yts background, the ywoA yts double mutant was found to be five times more sensitive than the yts one. We propose that (i) the YtsCD ABC transporter exports the bacitracin; (ii) YwoA, the protein that contains an acidPPc (PAP2 or PgpB) domain, is not part of an ABC transporter but competes with bacitracin for the dephosphorylation of the C55-isoprenyl pyrophosphate (IPP); (iii) the two resistance mechanisms are independent and complementary.  相似文献   

15.
Leukemia stem cells are known to exhibit multidrug resistance by expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters which constitute transmembrane proteins capable of exporting a wide variety of chemotherapeutic drugs from the cytosol. We show here that human promyeloblastic leukemia KG-1a cells exposed to the histone deacetylase inhibitor phenylbutyrate resemble many characteristics of leukemia stem cells, including expression of functional ABC transporters such as P-glycoprotein, BCRP and MRP8. Consequently, KG-1a cells display resistance to the induction of apoptosis by various chemotherapeutic drugs. Resistance to apoptosis induction by chemotherapeutic drugs can be reversed by cyclosporine A, which effectively inhibits the activity of P-glycoprotein and BCRP, thus demonstrating ABC transporter-mediated drug resistance in KG-1a cells. However, KG-1a are highly sensitive to apoptosis induction by salinomycin, a polyether ionophore antibiotic that has recently been shown to kill human breast cancer stem cell-like cells and to induce apoptosis in human cancer cells displaying multiple mechanisms of drug and apoptosis resistance. Whereas KG-1a cells can be adapted to proliferate in the presence of apoptosis-inducing concentrations of bortezomib and doxorubicin, salinomycin does not permit long-term adaptation of the cells to apoptosis-inducing concentrations. Thus, salinomycin should be regarded as a novel and effective agent for the elimination of leukemia stem cells and other tumor cells exhibiting ABC transporter-mediated multidrug resistance.  相似文献   

16.
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters encompass membrane transport proteins that couple the energy derived from ATP hydrolysis to the translocation of solutes across biological membranes. The functions of these proteins include ancient and conserved mechanisms related to nutrition and pathogenesis in bacteria, spore formation in fungi, and signal transduction, protein secretion and antigen presentation in eukaryotes. Furthermore, one of the major causes of drug resistance and chemotherapeutic failure in both cancer and anti-infective therapies is the active movement of compounds across membranes carried out by ABC transporters. Thus, the clinical relevance of ABC transporters is enormous, and the membrane transporters related to chemoresistance are among the best-studied members of the ABC transporter superfamily. As ABC transporter blockers can be used in combination with current drugs to increase their efficacy, the (possible) impact of efflux pump inhibitors is of great clinical interest. The present review summarizes the progress made in recent years in the identification, design, availability, and applicability of ABC transporter blockers in experimental scenarios oriented towards improving the treatment of infectious diseases caused by microorganisms including parasites.  相似文献   

17.
Abstract

Plant disease resistance (R) genes, the key players of innate immunity system in plants encode ‘R’ proteins. ‘R’ protein recognizes product of avirulance gene from the pathogen and activate downstream signaling responses leading to disease resistance. No three dimensional (3D) structural information of any ‘R’ proteins is available as yet. We have reported a ‘R’ gene homolog, the 'VMYR1′, encoding ‘R’ protein in Vigna mungo. Here, we describe the homology modeling of the 'VMYR1′ protein. The model was created by using the 3D structure of an ATP-binding cassette transporter protein from Vibrio cholerae as a template. The strategy for homology modeling was based on the high structural conservation in the superfamily of P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase in which target and template proteins belong. This is the first report of theoretical model structure of any ‘R’ proteins.  相似文献   

18.
目的:构建猪链球菌2型(Streptococcus suis type 2)强毒株05ZYH3389K毒力岛上的ABC转运蛋白gene0910敲除突变体,并初步分析其活性,为进一步研究猪链球菌假想毒力因子在致病中的作用提供实验基础。方法:以猪链球菌2型05ZYH33基因组为模板,扩增gene0910两侧各约500bp左右的片段为上下游同源臂,以pSET1质粒为模板,扩增氯霉素抗性基因Cm为中间片段,采用重叠PCR方法搭建三个片段,并克隆到自杀载体pSET4S上,构建基因敲除的载体。电转化05ZYH33感受态细胞,经30℃双交换和40℃质粒丢失,最后点板法筛选出基因敲除突变体△0910。对突变株和野生株的生物学活性及小鼠的致病性进行了初步比较。结果:PCR分析和测序结果均显示gene0910完全被氯霉素抗性基因Cm所替代,基因敲除突变体构建成功。结论:突变株的生物学活性和对小鼠的致病性与野生株相比差异不显著。  相似文献   

19.
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