人白细胞介素—2基因在人骨肉瘤细胞系内表达

从ｐＨＩＧ５３质粒内切下人白细胞介素－２ｃＤＮＡ基因,并经中间一ｐＳＰ７２转换成与ｐＤＯＲ－ｎｅｏ载体相区域的酶切位点,然后将ＩＬ－２ｃＤＮＡ定向连接入ｐＤＯＲ－ｎｅｏ载体,构建成功人ＩＬ－２逆转录病毒载体,经脂质体民入人骨肉瘤细胞系Ｍａ中,经Ｇ４１８筛选后测转基因肿瘤细胞培养上清中ＩＬ－２表达量,每１×１０＾５细胞２４ｈＩＬ－２表达量为５０－８００Ｕ,为骨肉瘤的基因治疗创造条件。     

白细胞介素—2对大鼠离体垂体前叶细胞增殖的影响

本工作采用大鼠垂体前叶（ＡＰ）细胞原代培养方法,以＾３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入率反映细胞增殖水平,研究了ＩＬ－２对ＡＰ细胞增殖的影响。结果表明：（１）ＩＬ－２（１０￣５００Ｕ／ｍｌ）明显促进性大鼠包括妊娠大鼠的ＡＰ细胞的增殖,而抑制雄性大鼠ＡＰ细胞的增殖。（２）雄性大鼠行卵巢切除（ＯＶＸ）二周后,ＩＬ－２对其ＡＰ细胞增殖的影响反转为抑制效应;若在卵巢切除二周内,每日给予ＯＶＸ大鼠皮下注射５μｇ苯甲酸雌二醇,     

人白细胞介素－2基因在人骨肉瘤细胞系内表达

从pHIG53质粒内切下人白细胞介素-2(IL-2)cDNA基因, 并经中间质粒pSP72转换成与pDOR-neo载体相匹配的酶切位点, 然后将IL-2cDNA定向连接入pDOR-neo载体, 构建成功人IL-2逆转录病毒载体, 经脂质体导入人骨肉瘤细胞系Ma中, 经G418筛选后测转基因肿瘤细胞培养上清中IL-2表达量, 每1×10⁵细胞24hIL-2表达量为50～800U, 为骨肉瘤的基因治疗创造条件.     

白细胞介素—2分子α螺旋B中的活性相关区域

根据人白细胞介素－２（ＩＬ－２）α螺旋Ｂ中氨基酸残基的空间分布选择性地突变了一些氨基酸残基,结果发现：５７Ｇｌｎ→Ｇｌｕ,６２Ｇｌｕ→Ｌｅｕ,６２Ｇｌｕ→Ａｒｇ和６５Ｐｒｏ→Ａｒｇ这些替换均使ＩＬ－２活性显著降低或丧失,而６３Ｌｅｕ→Ｓｅｒ或６４Ｌｙｓ→Ａｌａ对ＩＬ－２活性影响不大。从受体竞争抑制结合实验结果可知,上述不表现活性的突变体也同时丧夫了与高亲和力受体的结合能力,这说明α螺旋Ｂ中这些位点     

肠缺血/再灌注损伤后白介素1-β水平与磷脂酶A2激活的关系

为了探讨肠缺血/再灌注损伤后IL-1β基因表达和蛋白含量变化与磷脂酶A2抑制之间的关系,采用大鼠肠缺血/再灌注损伤模型,在对照组,损伤组和磷脂酶A2抑制剂处理组动物中收集血清,肺灌洗液,腹腔灌洗液及全身重要脏器组织样品,采用放射免疫法测定IL-1β含量,并且RT-PCR法测定肺组织中IL-1β和Ⅱ型PLA2基因表达,结果表明,损伤后6h血清中IL-1β含量明显高于对照组;损伤后1和3h,腹腔注保IL-1β也明显高于对照组;损伤后肝组织中IL-1β水平有明显增加,而肺,肾、肠组织中IL-1β没有明显变化。损伤后肺灌洗液中IL-1β也明显高于对照组水平,肺组织中IL-1βmRNA表达增加,而Ⅱ型PLA2mRNA在损伤后表达反而有所下降,采用磷脂酶A2抑制剂氯喹,环氧化物酶抑制剂消炎痛,血小板活化因子受体阻断剂SR27417后,IL-1β蛋白和基因表达有不同的改变,提示肠缺血/再灌注损伤后一定时间内,肝内IL-1βmRNA表达和血中IL-1β水平明显增高,但是否与磷脂酶A2激活或其代谢产物的释放有关尚需进一步证明。     

创伤后巨噬细胞对T细胞白介素2及白介素2受体α基因表达的直…

以２５μｇ／ｍｌ的丝裂霉素Ｃ处理巨噬细胞３０ｍｉｎ,可阻断巨噬细胞白介素１（ＩＬ－１）、白介素６（ＩＬ－６）、肿瘤坏死因子（ＴＮＦ）及前列腺素Ｅ２（ＰＧＥ２）的合成与分泌。创伤小鼠巨噬细胞经丝裂霉素Ｃ处理后,可明显抑制正常Ｔ细胞白介素２（ＩＬ－２）ｍＲＮＡ及ＩＬ－２受体（ＩＬ－２Ｒ）α ｍＲＮＡ水平,并增强Ｔｓ细胞的抑制活性。去除Ｔ细胞中Ｔｓ细胞可使巨噬细胞的抑制作用消失。表明创伤后巨噬细胞可通过     

白介素-1家族新成员——白介素-33研究新进展

IL-33是在2005年发现的IL-1家族新成员,具有双重调节作用,一方面作为核因子定位于细胞核内,起转录调控作用;作为细胞因子参与调节Th2型机体免疫和炎症反应。在自身免疫病、感染、糖尿病、皮肤病、心血管疾病等方面起着重要的作用。本综述总结讨论在现阶段对IL-33的研究及其在有关疾病中发挥的作用机理。     

人白细胞介素－2的两个部分拮抗剂

通过定点诱变技术得到６个生物活性剧烈下降的人白细胞介素－２（ＩＬ－２）突变体,其中两个突变体即１５Ｖａｌ－ＩＬ－２和１２６Ａｓｐ－ＩＬ－２可以在一定浓度范围内使ＩＬ－２的生物效应降低。在对高亲和力ＩＬ－２受体（ＩＬ－２Ｒ）的竞争抑制实验中,１５Ｖａｌ－ＩＬ－２和１２６Ａｓｐ－Ｉｌ－２又表现了一定的竞争能力。这些结果表明１５Ｖａｌ－ＩＬ－２和１２６Ａｓｐ－ＩＬ－２可部分拮抗天然ＩＬ－２的作用。结合Ｉ     

Gonadotropes in a novel rat pituitary tumor cell line,RC-4B/C. Establishment and partial characterization of the cell line

Summary An epithelial cell line (RC-4B/C) was established from a pituitary adenoma obtained from a 3-yr-old (ACI/fMai × F344/fMai)F1 male rat. Before Year 5 in vitro, RC-4B/C cells could not be viably recovered from cryogenic storage. Recovery of viable cells from cryogenic storage in Year 5 was associated with a more transformed phenotype, including the appearance of endogenous C-type rat retroviral particles. The ultrastructural appearance of the cells was similar to that of differentiated anterior pituitary cell; the cultured cells contained numerous, electron dense, secretory granules, Golgi complexes, and extended arrays of rough endoplasmic reticulum. Immunocytochemical study showed that all cell types present in the rat anterior pituitary gland were present in the cell line. The percentage of luteinizing hormone beta (LHβ) cells in the cell line was higher (19.9%) and that of growth hormone cells was lower (12.2%) than in normal male rat pituitary, whereas the cell line contained a comparable percentage of follicle stimulating hormone beta (FSHβ), prolactin (PRL), ACTH, and thyrotropin beta cells. Radioimmunoassay data demonstrated the PRL content of the cells was comparable to that of normal male rat pituitary gland, whereas the content of LH and FSH was 70- and 800-fold lower, respectively. Assay of specific receptor sites for gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) using Scatchard plots of the data established the RC-4B/C cells contained GnRH receptor sites of the same affinity as in the pituitary gland, but of twofold lower capacity. These data suggest the RC-4B/C cell line warrants further study as a model for the induction and maintenance of the gonadotropic function of the pituitary gland. An abstract of portions of these results was presented at the 8th International Congress of Endocrinology, Kyoto, Japan, 1988. This work was supported in part by grants DK-17631 (E.H.L.), CA-24145 (W.G.B.), CA-31102 (H.G.B.), AG-01753 (D.E.H.) and HD-1778 (M.T.D.) from the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, and by a grant from the Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer, France (M.J.). The NIH is not responsible for the contents of this publication nor do the contents necessarily represent the official views of that agency. Jolanta Polkowska was a recipient of a Foundation Simone et Cino del Duca grant.     

乙酰胆碱对三种人垂体腺瘤细胞增殖及凋亡的影响

为了解乙酰胆碱（acetylcholine,ACh)在人垂体腺瘤发生、发展中的作用,本研究首先观察了人垂体腺瘤细胞内是否存在合成ACh必需的胆碱乙酰转移酶,并应用MTT实验、[^3H]TdR掺入实验、细胞周期分析和TUNEL法测定了ACh对体外培养的人垂体无功能瘤、催乳素瘤和生长激素瘤等三种瘤细胞增殖和凋亡的影响。结果发现：（1）三种垂体腺瘤细胞中均有胆碱酯酶的表达,但明显少于正常垂体;（2）ACh对三种类型的人垂体腺瘤细胞增殖代谢的影响相类似,不同浓度的ACh能明显抑制体外培养的三种人垂体腺瘤细胞的增殖,呈明显的剂量效应关系,同时ACh能减少垂体腺瘤细胞进入S、G2期的细胞比例,而使处于G1期的细胞比例增加;（3）ACh的这种作用可被阿托品阻断,但不受筒箭毒的影响;（4）ACh对体外培养的三种人垂体腺瘤细胞凋亡无明显影响。该结果提示,ACh可能以旁分泌或自分泌的方式作用于垂体前叶细胞,对垂体腺瘤细胞增殖分化有调控作用,而且是通过ACh M受体来实现的。     

ACh对人垂体腺瘤细胞内蛋白激酶C、胞内游离钙及cAMP/cGMP的影响

我们曾发现ACh可明显地抑制垂体腺瘤细胞的增殖代谢,为深入探讨ACh抑制垂体腺瘤细胞增殖作用的机制,观察了ACh作用后垂体腺瘤细胞内蛋白激酶C(PKC)、[Ca^2 ]i及cAMP／cGMP的变化。结果发现：(1)与空白处理组相比,使用PKC的激动剂PMA处理培养的人垂体腺瘤细胞时可使胞浆、胞膜和细胞总PKC活性浓度均升高,但ACh(10μmol/L)作用15min后,胞浆、胞膜和细胞总PKC活性均下降,且此作用可被阿托品阻断;(2)ACh(10μmol/L)作用于单个人垂体腺瘤细胞后,立即使垂体腺瘤细胞[Ca^2 ]i相对水平降低,但此作用可被阿托品阻断;(3)ACh作用于人垂体腺瘤细胞15min后,胞内cAMP水平均明显升高,而cGMP没有改变。该结果为探讨ACh抑制垂体腺瘤细胞增殖的分子机制提供了重要线索,同时提示,ACh对垂体瘤细胞增殖分化的调控作用是细胞内多信息系统相互整合的结果。     

Ceramide 1-phosphate stimulates proliferation of C2C12 myoblasts

Recent studies have established specific cellular functions for different bioactive sphingolipids in skeletal muscle cells. Ceramide 1-phosphate (C1P) is an important bioactive sphingolipid that has been involved in cell growth and survival. However its possible role in the regulation of muscle cell homeostasis has not been so far investigated. In this study, we show that C1P stimulates myoblast proliferation, as determined by measuring the incorporation of tritiated thymidine into DNA, and progression of the myoblasts through the cell cycle. C1P induced phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β and the product of retinoblastoma gene, and enhanced cyclin D1 protein levels. The mitogenic action of C1P also involved activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt, ERK1/2 and the mammalian target of rapamycin. These effects of C1P were independent of interaction with a putative G(i)-coupled C1P receptor as pertussis toxin, which maintains G(i) protein in the inactive form, did not affect C1P-stimulated myoblast proliferation. By contrast, C1P was unable to inhibit serum starvation- or staurosporine-induced apoptosis in the myoblasts, and did not affect myogenic differentiation. Collectively, these results add up to the current knowledge on cell types targeted by C1P, which so far has been mainly confined to fibroblasts and macrophages, and extend on the mechanisms by which C1P exerts its mitogenic effects. Moreover, the biological activities of C1P described in this report establish that this phosphosphingolipid may be a relevant cue in the regulation of skeletal muscle regeneration, and that C1P-metabolizing enzymes might be important targets for developing cellular therapies for treatment of skeletal muscle degenerative diseases, or tissue injury.     

Increased proliferation of a human breast carcinoma cell line by recombinant interleukin-2

Two adenocarcinoma cell lines, Breast M25-SF and Breast M, were established from tumor tissue resected surgically from a patient with breast cancer. One, Breast M25-SF, expresses interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) on the cell surface and the other, Breast M, does not. The effects of recombinant inteleukin-2 (rIL-2) on the proliferation of these cell lines were investigated. The growth of Breast M25-SF was significantly promoted by rIL-2 ranging from 1,25 U/ml to 640 U/ml. Anti-CD25 (Tac) antibody, significantly blocked the growth enhancement of Breast M25-SF by rIL-2. Breast M, however, did not respond to rIL-2. To confirm more directly the promotion of Breast M25-SF growth by rIL-2, cloning of IL-2 responders from parent Breast M25-SF cells was carried out by limiting dilution without feeder cells in 96-well microplates. No colony formation was found in 24 wells without rIL-2. Eleven, 13 and 6 clones were established from groups of 24 wells containing rIL-2 at 200, 20 and 2 U/ml respectively. All of the clones expressed IL-2R and respond to rIL-2. By using a sensitive polymerase chain reaction technique, we demonstrated that Breast M25-SF but not Breast M expressed IL-2 mRNA, and IL-2 secretion from Breast M25-SF but not Breast M was also confirmed by radioimmunoassay. These findings suggest a role for IL-2 in autocrine support of Breast M25-SF growth. IL-2 may play an important role in the growth control of breast carcinoma cells.     

Leptin受体三种亚型在大鼠垂体前叶的表达及其对大鼠生长激素细胞胞内游离钙的影响

目的观察Leptin受体(OBR)在雄性大鼠垂体前叶中的表达,研究Leptin对大鼠垂体生长激素细胞胞内游离钙水平的影响。方法用RTPCR方法检测Leptin受体几种形式在大鼠垂体前叶中的表达,用梯度离心的方法分离垂体生长激素(GH)细胞,将Leptin作用于分离的生长激素细胞,检测生长激素细胞胞内钙水平的变化。结果用RTPCR方法检测到在雄性大鼠垂体前叶中有Leptin受体(包括通用型OBR,短型OBRa及长型OBRb)的表达。用Percoll梯度离心法分离出的生长激素细胞约占70%～80%,10-8mol/LLeptin作用于分离培养的生长激素细胞,可引起生长激素细胞[Ca2 ]i相对水平迅速降低。结论在雄性大鼠垂体前叶有Leptin受体三种亚型的表达,且Leptin在体外可明显降低大鼠生长激素细胞胞内游离钙的相对水平。     

TPD7 inhibits the growth of cutaneous T cell lymphoma H9 cell through regulating IL‐2R signalling pathway

IL‐2R pathway is a key regulator in the development of immune cells and has emerged as a promising drug target in cancer treatment, but there is a scarcity of related inhibitors. TPD7 is a novel biphenyl urea taspine derivate, which has been shown anti‐cancer effect. Here, we demonstrated the anti‐cancer activity of TPD7 in cutaneous T cell lymphoma and investigated the underlying mechanism of TPD7 through IL‐2R signalling. The inhibitory effect of TPD7 on cell viability exhibited a strong correlation with the expression level of IL‐2R, and cutaneous T cell lymphoma H9 and HUT78 cells were most sensitive to TPD7. TPD7 was nicely bound to IL‐2R and down‐regulated the mRNA and protein levels of IL‐2R. Furthermore, TPD7 suppressed the downstream cascades of IL‐2R including JAK/STAT, PI3K/AKT/mTOR and PLCγ/Raf/MAPK signalling, resulting in Bcl‐2 mitochondrial apoptosis pathway and cell cycle proteins CDK/Cyclins regulation. And, these were verified by flow cytometry analysis that TPD7 facilitated cell apoptosis in H9 cells via mitochondrial pathway and impeded cell cycle progression at G2/M phase. TPD7 is a novel anti‐cancer agent and may be a potential candidate for cutaneous T cell lymphoma treatment by regulating IL‐2R signalling pathway.     

The promotive effect of interleukin 4 with interleukin 2 in the proliferation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from patients with malignant tumor

In adoptive immunotherapy, the number of effector cells is one of the major factors relating to the therapeutic efficacy. We demonstrated that tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were stimulated to proliferate by incubation with interleukin 2 (IL-2) plus interleukin 4 (IL-4). TILs cultured with IL-2 plus IL-4 increased 3.1-fold more than TILs cultured with IL-2 alone. However, IL-4 did not alter the cytotoxic activity of TILs against autologous tumor cells and established tumor cell lines. It is suggested that IL-2 receptor is related to the mechanism of the proliferation of activated TILs cultured by combination with IL-2 and IL-4. Thus, the combination of IL-2 and IL-4 may increase the efficacy of adoptive immunotherapy using activated TILs.     

白细胞介素-2降低缺氧/复氧心肌细胞对细胞内钙的处理能力

目的 :研究在正常和缺氧 /复氧过程中白细胞介素 2 (IL 2 )对心肌细胞收缩和细胞内钙的处理能力的影响。方法 :采用酶解分离大鼠心室肌细胞化学缺氧模型 ,用视频跟踪系统和细胞内双波长钙荧光系统检测单个心肌细胞收缩和细胞内钙的变化。结果 :①缺氧过程中 ,心肌细胞收缩被抑制 ,钙瞬变幅度降低、静息钙水平增高 ,咖啡因诱导的钙释放减少 ,但对细胞膜L -型钙通道活性无明显影响 ;复氧期间 ,各指标不能恢复到对照水平。②IL 2 (2× 10 5U/L)抑制心肌细胞收缩 ,使钙瞬变幅度降低、静息钙水平增高 ,使咖啡因诱导的钙释放减少。③在缺氧期间加入IL 2 (2× 10 5U/L)后 ,复氧期间各参数回复均减慢。结论 :缺氧时同时存在IL 2 ,可加剧复氧时心肌细胞收缩功能和钙处理能力的降低 ,这可能与心肌细胞肌浆网内贮钙释放减少有关。     

Insulin-like growth factor-I stimulates H4II rat hepatoma cell proliferation: dominant role of PI-3'K/Akt signaling

Although hepatocytes are the primary source of endocrine IGF-I and -II in mammals, their autocrine/paracrine role in the dysregulation of proliferation and apoptosis during hepatocarcinogenesis and in hepatocarcinomas (HCC) remains to be elucidated. Indeed, IGF-II and type-I IGF receptors are overexpressed in HCC cells, and IGF-I is synthesized in adjacent non-tumoral liver tissue. In the present study, we have investigated the effects of type-I IGF receptor signaling on H4II rat hepatoma cell proliferation, as estimated by 3H-thymidine incorporation into DNA. IGF-I stimulated the rate of DNA synthesis of serum-deprived H4II cells, stimulation being maximal 3 h after the onset of IGF-I treatment and remaining elevated until at least 6 h. The IGF-I-induced increase in DNA replication was abolished by LY294002 and only partially inhibited by PD98059, suggesting that phosphoinositol-3' kinase (PI-3'K) and to a lesser extent MEK/Erk signaling were involved. Furthermore, the 3- to 19-fold activation of the Erks in the presence of LY294002 suggested a down-regulation of the MEK/Erk cascade by PI-3'K signaling. Finally, the effect of IGF-I on DNA replication was almost completely abolished in clones of H4II cells expressing a dominant-negative form of Akt but was unaltered by rapamycin treatment of wild-type H4II cells. Altogether, these data support the notion that the stimulation of H4II rat hepatoma cell proliferation by IGF-I is especially dependent on Akt activation but independent on the Akt/mTOR signaling.