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Green animate materials from the intertidal zone of the Arabian Gulf coast accommodated more alkaliphilic and halophilic bacteria than inanimate materials. The alkaliphilic oil-utilizing bacteria, as identified by their 16S ribonucleic acid sequences, belonged to the following genera arranged in decreasing frequences: Marinobacter, Micrococcus, Dietzia, Bacillus, Oceanobacillus, and Citricoccus. The halophilic oil-utilizing bacteria belonged to the genera: Marinobacter, Georgenia, Microbacterium, Stappia, Bacillus, Isoptericola, and Cellulomonas. Most isolates could grow on a wide range of pure n-alkanes and aromatic compounds, as sole sources of carbon and energy. Quantitative gas liquid chromatographic analysis showed that individual isolates attenuated crude oil and representative pure hydrocarbons in culture. The optimum pH for most of the alkaliphilic genera was pH 10, and the optimum salinity for the halophiles ranged between 2.5 and 5% NaCl (w/v). It was concluded that as far as their microbial makeup is concerned, oily alkaline and saline intertidal areas of the Kuwaiti coasts have a self-cleaning potential.  相似文献   

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Vitamin D an ancient secosteroid is essential for mineral homeostasis, bone remodeling, immune modulation, and energy metabolism. Recently, debates have emerged about the daily vitamin D requirements for healthy and elderly adults, the safety and efficacy of long term supplementation and the role of vitamin D deficiency in several chronic disease states. Since this molecule acts as both a vitamin and a hormone, it should not be surprising that the effects of supplementation are multi-faceted and complex. Yet despite significant progress in the last decade, our understanding of vitamin D physiology and the clinical relevance of low circulating levels of this vitamin remains incomplete. The present review provides the reader with a comprehensive and up-to-date understanding of vitamin D requirements and safety. It also raises some provocative research questions.  相似文献   

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A chemically defined medium (CC-494M) was used to study the vitamin requirements of three spiroplasmas representing three distinct serogroups: flower spiroplasmas [Spiroplasma floricola and FS (SR-3)] and honeybee spiroplasma [HBS (AS-576)]. Nicotinic acid and riboflavin were essential to spiroplasma growth. Nicotinamide could substitute for nicotinic acid. Populations of S. floricola, FS (SR-3), and HBS (AS-576) reached 3.2 X 10(9), 1.96 X 10(10), and 6.1 X 10(9) CFU/ml, respectively, when nicotinic acid (0.036 mg/liter) and riboflavin (0.014 mg/liter) were supplied.  相似文献   

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The influence of the phosphate concentration on the specific growth rate and the duration of lag has been studied inNitrobacter winogradskyi andNitrosomonas europaea.The optimum phosphate concentration range for the specific growth rate was 10 to 30mm forNitrobacter and 10 to 100mm forNitrosomonas. In this range the lag was least. Depletion of the cell-P does not affect the relation between specific growth rate and phosphate concentration while the lag seems to increase as cell-P depletion proceeds.  相似文献   

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Vitamin requirements of the Coccidia of the chicken   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
E W Warren 《Parasitology》1968,58(1):137-148
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