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1.
Yun Sook Kim Dae-Sung Lee Seong-Yun Jeong Woe Jae Lee Myung-Suk Lee 《Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea)》2009,47(1):9-18
A bacterial strain named AB-4 showing algicidal activity against Chattonella marina was isolated from coastal water of ULjin, Republic of Korea. The isolated strain was identified as Bacillus sp. by culture morphology, biochemical reactions, and homology research based on 16S rDNA. The bacterial culture led to the
lysis of algal cells, suggesting that the isolated strain produced a latent algal-lytic compound. Amongst changes in algicidal
activity by different culture filtrate volumes, the 10% (100 μl/ml) concentration showed the biggest change in algicidal activity;
there, estimated algicidal activity was 95%. The swimming movements of Chattonella marina cells were inhibited because of treatment of the bacterial culture; subsequently, Chattonella marina cells became swollen and rounded. With longer exposure time, algal cells were disrupted and cellular components lost their
integrity and decomposed. The released algicide(s) were heat-tolerant and stable in pH variations, except pH 3, 4, and 5.
Culture filtrate of Bacillus sp. AB-4 was toxic against harmful algae bloom (HAB) species and nontoxic against livefood organisms. Bacillus sp. AB-4 showed comparatively strong activity against Akashiwo sanguinea, Fibriocapsa japonica, Heterosigma akashiwo, and Scrippsiella trochoidea. These results suggest that the algicidal activity of Bacillus sp. AB-4 is potentially useful for controlling outbreaks of Chattonella marina. 相似文献
2.
One strain of algicidal bacterium, named as S088, was isolated from the intestine of healthy sea cucumbers (Stichopus horrens) in the South China Sea. Based on the analysis of its biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA gene sequence, S088 was identified as Bowmanella denitrificans. Importantly, the algicidal activity of S088 on Chlorella vulgaris was characterized in this study. The initial densities of bacterial and algal cell showed strong influence on the removal rates of chlorophyll a. When the strain S088 was cultured under a complete darkness condition at 30 °C, its algicidal activity reached the highest level. Furthermore, it was found that the filtered supernatant from bacterial cultures had full algicidal activity, suggesting that the secreted compounds from S088 are involved in the observed algicidal action of S088. Moreover, the algicidal compounds were heat tolerant and had no cytotoxicity against fish cells, indicating that S088 would have a promising application as a safe probiotics for S. horrens. Finally, this is the first report about the algicidal activities in B. denitrificans. 相似文献
3.
The aim of this study was to isolate and identify algicidal bacteria against the dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides, and to determine the algicidal activity and algicidal range. During the declining period of C. polykrikoides blooms, seven algicidal bacteria were isolated. The algicidal bacteria against C. polykrikoides were enumerated using the most probable number (MPN) method. The number of algicidal bacteria was high (3.7 × 103 mL−1). Algicidal bacteria were identified on the basis of biochemical and chemotaxonomic characteristics, and analysis of 16S
rDNA sequences. Seven algicidal bacteria isolated in this study belonged to the genera Bacillus, Dietzia, Janibacter, and Micrococcus. The most algicidal bacterium, designated Micrococcus luteus SY-13, is assumed to produce secondary metabolites. When 5% culture filtrate of this strain was applied to C. polykrikoides cultures, over 90% of C. polykrikoides cells were destroyed within 6 h. M. luteus SY-13 showed significant algicidal activities against C. polykrikoides and a wide algicidal range against various harmful algal bloom (HAB) species. Taken together, our results suggest that M. luteus SY-13 could be a candidate for controlling HABs. 相似文献
4.
L. H. Zhou T. L. Zheng X. H. Chen X. Wang S. B. Chen Y. Tian H. S. Hong 《Journal of applied phycology》2008,20(4):349-358
Using cell suspension ability as an indicator, we studied the inhibitory effect of garlic (Allium sativum) and diallyl trisulfide on six species of red tide causing algae. This included: the inhibition by 0.08% garlic solution
of five algal species — Alexandrium tamarense, Scrippsiella trochoidea, Alexandrium catenella, Alexandrium minutum and Alexandrium satoanum; the effects of garlic concentration on the inhibition of A. tamarense, S. trochoidea and Chaetoceros sp.; the effects of inhibitory time on the rejuvenation of algal cells; and the effects of heating and preservation time
on algal inhibition by garlic solution. In addition, whether or not the ingredients of garlic solution had a possible algicidal
effect was studied by comparing inhibition of A. tamarense by garlic solution and man-made diallyl trisulfide. The results showed that 1) inhibition by garlic solution was significant
on A. tamarense, A. satoanum, A. catenella and S. trochoidea, and the least effective was a concentration of 0.04% on A. tamarense and S. trochoidea. Moreover, the higher the concentration, the stronger was the inhibition, and a high inhibitory rate (IR) could be maintained
for at least three days when the garlic concentration was above 0.04%. For A. tamarense, it was also found that the longer the inhibitory time and the higher the concentration, the lower was the rate of resumed
cell activity. On the contrary, garlic solution could not inhibit A. minutum or Chaetoceros sp.; 2) The IR to A. tamarense was reduced slightly as the heating time of the garlic solution was lengthened, but the average IR was still above 80%. There
was no significant difference between the IR of the supernatant and sediment of the garlic solution. Furthermore, no change
of algal inhibition was found when the garlic solution was preserved at 20°C for several days; 3) As with garlic solution,
diallyl trisulfide inhibited A. tamarense strongly; the IR was above 93% and was maintained for at least three days, as long as the concentration was 3.2–10.0 mg L−1. Thus, diallyl trisulfide may have been the major ingredient in garlic solution which inhibited the algae but, in addition,
more than one ingredient may have been inhibiting the algae. In conclusion, garlic was a good algal inhibitor with many advantages,
such as being common, cheap, non toxic and with high efficiency, and diallyl trisulfide, one of the components of garlic,
was similarly effective in algal inhibition. It would be useful, therefore, to further study garlic as an environmentally
friendly algal inhibitor. 相似文献
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6.
Evident effect of an algicidal bacterium Pseudomonas mendocina on the growth and antioxidant system of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae was detected in this experiment. Seven parameters including the chlorophyll a contents, Fv/Fm values, reactive oxygen species (ROS), malonaldehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), peroxide dismutase (POD), and
superoxide dismutase (SOD) were tested in the cyanobacterium A. flos-aquae cells after inoculation with the algicidal bacterium Pseudomonas mendocina DC10. It was shown from the experiment that the growth of the treated cyanobacterium A. flos-aquae was significantly restrained, which was expressed as great reductions in the chlorophyll a contents and Fv/Fm values. At the same time, the treated cyanobacterial cells exhibited an obvious increase in the production
of ROS and MDA compared with the control. CAT and POD activities in the treated group kept at high level, however, they both
reduced significantly on day 6. SOD activities in the treated A. flos-aquae showed obvious declines after inoculation, and great augmentations on day 3 and 4, thereafter, they kept in a declining tendency.
The results showed the oxidative stresses induced by the bacterium could be a killing agent of the cyanobacterium A. flos-aquae cells. 相似文献
7.
Mi-Young Oh Sang Beum Lee Deuk-Hee Jin Yong-Ki Hong Hyung-Joo Jin 《Journal of applied phycology》2010,22(4):453-458
We determined the structure of two compounds, namely, 5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and di-n-octylphthalate (DnOP), which have algicidal activity against the toxic dinoflagellate, Cochlodinium polykrikoides. The polyunsaturated fatty acid EPA and the anthropogenic DnOP were isolated from the MeOH extract of the red alga Corallina pilulifera. We also found that a commercial EPA has algicidal activity identical to that of the EPA purified from C. pilulifera. At low inoculum (5.0 × 102 cells mL−1), the highest algicidal activity of a commercial EPA exhibited approximately 92.6% algicidal activity after 1 h and 96.8%
after 6 h treatment at 6 μg mL−1, respectively. At high inoculum (1.0 × 104 cells mL−1), the strongest algicidal activity of EPA showed 69.5% after 1 h and 75.5% algicidal activity after 6 h treatment at 6 μg
mL−1, respectively. However, EPA did not show algicidal activity against several microalgae used in aquaculture such as Pavlova lutheri, Tetraselmis suecica, Isochrysis galbana, and Nannochloris oculata for 6 h treatment at 6 μg mL−1. The algicidal activity of the five red tide strains to EPA (3 μg mL−1) showed about 86.6%, 86.6%, and 67.3% algicidal activity against Skeletonema costatum, Chaetoceros curvisetus, and C. polykrikoides after 1 h treatment at low inoculum (5.0 × 102 cells mL−1), respectively, but not against Prorocentrum minimum and Scrippsiella trochoidea. We concluded that EPA might be useful as a controlling agent of harmful algal blooms. 相似文献
8.
Seung Won Jung Yoon-Ho Kang Toshiya Katano Baik-Ho Kim Soo-Yeon Cho Jin Hwan Lee Young-Ok Kim Myung-Soo Han 《Journal of applied phycology》2010,22(4):409-419
An algicidal bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens HYK0210-SK09 (SK09) was applied to a natural bloom of Stephanodiscus hantzschii using a small-scale mesocosm (SM) and a large-scale mesocosm (LM) to clarify the algicidal effects and evaluate the response
of the planktonic community and environments. When SK09 cells were inoculated at a final concentration of 5 × 106 cells mL−1, the abundance of S. hantzschii decreased significantly by 95% in SM and 85% in LM. The microcosm in the laboratory revealed that the abundance of Pseudomonas increased rapidly after inoculation with a corresponding decrease in the S. hantzschii population. Nutrient concentrations increased following the decline in the diatom cells. The abundances of nondominant species
such as Chlamydomonas, Cryptomonas, and Navicula increased slightly with increased nutrient concentrations. The abundance of heterotrophic protists also increased significantly
due to utilization of SK09 as food. The present study demonstrates that SK09 is an effective biocontrol agent for natural
S. hantzschii bloom, and grazing pressure plays a crucial role in the successful application of algicidal bacteria to natural environments. 相似文献
9.
Prodigiosin is a natural red pigment with algicidal activity against Cochlodinium polykrikoides, a major harmful red-tide microalga. To increase the yield of prodigiosin, a mutant of Hahella chejuenesis KCTC 2396, assigned M3349, was developed by an antibiotic mutagenesis using chloramphenicol. When cultured in Sucrose-based Marine Broth medium (SMB), M3349 could produce prodigiosin at 1.628+/-0.06 g/L, while wild type producing at 0.658+/-0.12 g/L under the same conditions. To increase the yield of prodigiosin production by M3349, significant medium components were determined using a two-level Plackett-Burman statistical design technique. Among fourteen components included in SMB medium, NaCl, Na2SiO3, MgCl2, H3BO3, Na2HPO4, Na2SO4, and CaCl2 were determined to be important for prodigiosin production. The medium formulation was finally optimized using a Box-Behnken design as follows: sucrose 10.0, peptone 8.0, yeast extract 2.0, NaCl 10.0, Na2SO4 12.0, CaCl2 1.8, MgCl2 0.7 g/L; and H3BO3 22.0, Na2HPO4 20.0, Na2SiO3 8.0 mg/L. The predicted maximum yield of prodigiosin in the optimized medium was 2.43 g/L by the Box-Behnken design, while the practical production was 2.60+/-0.176 g/L, which was 3.9 times higher than wild type with SMB Medium (0.658 g/L). 相似文献
10.
Summary A liquid-based assay was used to evaluate the ability of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis to form a bacterial biofilm on the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. After 3 days of incubation in the liquid assay a biofilm was clearly visible by light microscopy on both the head and vulva region of the worms. At times, the biofilm formation on the vulva appeared to prevent the laying of eggs by the adult hermaphrodite; the eggs would later hatch inside of the worm. One possible explanation for the biofilm formation observed on the vulva may be the increased motion of the cuticle surrounding the vulva when the worm is immersed in a liquid culture. This is the first report of biofilm formation on the vulva of C. elegans. 相似文献
11.
Mochammad Amin Alamsjah Shotaro Hirao Fumito Ishibashi Tatsuya Oda Yuji Fujita 《Journal of applied phycology》2008,20(5):713-720
Isolation of algicidal compounds from Ulva fasciata revealed that the algicidal substances were the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) as hexadeca-4,7,10,13-tetraenoic acid
(HDTA) C16:4 n-3, octadeca-6,9,12,15-tetraenoic acid (ODTA) C18:4 n-3, α-linolenic acid (ALA) C18:3 n-3 and linoleic acid
(LA) C18:2 n-6. The fatty acid composition of four species of Ulvaceae (U. fasciata, U. pertusa, U. arasakii and U. conglobota) was analyzed by capillary gas chromatography to investigate the relationship with the algicidal activity. The results indicate
that highly algicidal species, U. fasciata and U. pertusa, showed higher contents of C16:4 n-3, C18:3 n-3, and C18:4 n-3. Concentrations of these PUFAs released from the seaweed in
the culture medium were also analyzed. These PUFAs were found to be significantly active against Chattonella antiqua, C. marina, Fibrocapsa japonica, Heterosigma akashiwo, Karenia mikimotoi, moderately effective against Heterocapsa circularisquama, Prorocentrum minimum, P. sigmoides, Scrippsiella trochoidea, whereas low effective against Alexandrium catenella and Cochlodinium polykrikoides. It is suggested that the PUFAs are useful mitigation agents to remove several harmful effects without causing detrimental
effects on surrounding marine living organisms. 相似文献
12.
Kiran MD Prakash JS Annapoorni S Dube S Kusano T Okuyama H Murata N Shivaji S 《Extremophiles : life under extreme conditions》2004,8(5):401-410
A psychrophilic bacterium, Pseudomonas syringae (Lz4W) from Antarctica, was used as a model system to establish a correlation, if any, between thermal adaptation, trans-fatty acid content and membrane fluidity. In addition, attempts were made to clone and sequence the cti gene of P. syringae (Lz4W) so as to establish its characteristics with respect to the cti of other Pseudomonas spp. and also to in vitro mutagenize the cti gene so as to generate a cti null mutant. The bacterium showed increased proportion of saturated and trans-monounsaturated fatty acids when grown at 28°C compared to cells grown at 5°C, and the membrane fluidity decreased with growth temperature. In the mutant, the trans-fatty acid was not synthesized, and the membrane fluidity also decreased with growth temperature, but the decrease was not to the extent that was observed in the wild-type cells. Thus, it would appear that synthesis of trans-fatty acid and modulation of membrane fluidity to levels comparable to the wild-type cells is essential for growth at higher temperatures since the mutant exhibits growth arrest at 28°C. In fact, the cti null mutant-complemented strain of P. syringae (Lz4W-C30b) that was capable of synthesizing the trans-fatty acid was indeed capable of growth at 28°C, thus confirming the above contention. The cti gene of P. syringae (Lz4W) that was cloned and sequenced exhibited high sequence identity with the cti of other Pseudomonas spp. and exhibited all the conserved features. 相似文献
13.
Zhu Y Chen XB Wang KB Li YX Bai KZ Kuang TY Ji HB 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2007,74(1):244-248
C-phycocyanin (C-PC) was extracted from fresh Spirulina platensis by deploying a species of non-pathogenic nitrogen-fixing bacteria, namely, Klebsiella pneumoniae. The algal slurry was neither washed nor centrifuged; the bacterial culture was poured into the slurry, the vessel sealed,
and crude C-PC extracted after about 24 h. The extraction was clean and efficient, and the purity and concentration of C-PC
proved to be of adequate quality. 相似文献
14.
Nehme N Mathieu F Taillandier P 《Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology》2008,35(7):685-693
This study examines the interactions that occur between Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Oenococcus oeni strains during the process of winemaking. Various yeast/bacteria pairs were studied by applying a sequential fermentation strategy which simulated the natural winemaking process. First, four yeast strains were tested in the presence of one bacterial strain leading to the inhibition of the bacterial component. The extent of inhibition varied widely from one pair to another and closely depended on the specific yeast strain chosen. Inhibition was correlated to weak bacterial growth rather than a reduction in the bacterial malolactic activity. Three of the four yeast strains were then grown with another bacteria strain. Contrary to the first results, this led to the bacterial stimulation, thus highlighting the importance of the bacteria strain. The biochemical profile of the four yeast fermented media exhibited slight variations in ethanol, SO(2) and fatty acids produced as well as assimilable consumed nitrogen. These parameters were not the only factors responsible for the malolactic fermentation inhibition observed with the first bacteria strain. The stimulation of the second has not been reported before in such conditions and remains unexplained. 相似文献
15.
Jeong-Il Oh Min-Ju Kim Ji-Young Lee In-Jeong Ko Wonduck Kim Si Wouk Kim 《Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering》2011,16(6):1124-1133
In this study, we analyzed a bacterial community closely associated with Cochlodinium polykrikoides that caused harmful algal blooming in the sea. Filtration using a plankton mesh and percoll gradient centrifugation were
performed to eliminate free-living bacteria. Attached bacteria were analyzed by culture-dependent and culture-independent
methods. Five culturable bacterial strains were isolated and identified from the C. polykrikoides mixed bacterial community. The isolates belonged to α-Proteobacteria (Nautella sp., Sagittula sp., and Thalassobius sp.) and γ-Proteobacteria (Alteromonas sp. and Pseudoalteromonas sp.). All of the 5 isolates showed algicidal activity against C. polykrikoides and produced extracellular compounds responsible for algicidal properties after entering the stationary phase. The algicidal
compounds produced by the 5 isolates were heat-stable and had molecular masses of less than 10,000 Da. Furthermore, the algicidal
compounds were relatively specific for C. polykrikoides in terms of their algicidal activities. Culture-independent analysis of the bacterial community in association with C. polykrikoides was performed using polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). On the basis of the PCR-DGGE
profile, Sagittula sp. was identified as a dominant species in the bacterial community of C. polykrikoides. 相似文献
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Lactic acid is a versatile organic acid, which finds major application in the food, pharmaceuticals, and chemical industries.
Microbial fermentation has the advantage that by choosing a strain of lactic acid bacteria producing only one of the isomers,
an optically pure product can be obtained. The production of l(+) lactic acid is of significant importance from nutritional viewpoint and finds greater use in food industry. In view of
economic significance of immobilization technology over the free-cell system, immobilized preparation of Lactobacillus casei was employed in the present investigation to produce l(+) lactic acid from whey medium. The process conditions for the immobilization of this bacterium using calcium pectate gel
were optimized, and the developed cell system was found stable during whey fermentation to lactic acid. A high lactose conversion
(94.37%) to lactic acid (32.95 g/l) was achieved with the developed immobilized system. The long-term viability of the pectate-entrapped
bacterial cells was tested by reusing the immobilized bacterial biomass, and the entrapped bacterial cells showed no decrease
in lactose conversion to lactic acid up to 16 batches, which proved its high stability and potential for commercial application. 相似文献
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Katy Díaz Carolina Valiente Miguel Martínez Miguel Castillo Eugenio Sanfuentes 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2009,25(5):867-873
Cloned Eucalyptus spp. plantations are based in greenhouse production of plants generated by vegetative propagation. Diverse studies have demonstrated
that rhizospheric bacteria can stimulate plant growth, and more recently that they can increase rooting in vegetative material.
Considering this potential, the objective of this study was to verify the effect of bacterial strains on rooting Eucalyptus globulus. A total of 132 bacterial strains isolated from the rhizosphere of E. globulus and Eucalyptus nitens were studied. The bacterial inoculums in a concentration of 4 × 108 cfu/ml were applied to the rooting substrate at the cutting installation and 45 days after by irrigation. Rooting was evaluated
on days 60 and 75 after cutting installation, considering the number of roots as well as their fibrosity and roots biomass.
Of the 132 strains evaluated, 26 significantly increased cutting rooting in a range of 191.4–69.4% with respect to the control.
Additionally, some strains stimulated the development of fine roots and incremented the roots biomass. The strains identificated
that produced a rooting effect were: Bacillus firmus, Bacillus mycoides, Bacillus stearothermophilus, Bacillus subtilis, B. subtilis/amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus circulans, Brevibacillus brevis, Paenibacillus lautus and Stenotrophomona maltophilia. These first trials suggest the potential of these bacteria to be used in clonal production programs for E. globulus. 相似文献