微量元素对乙酰乳酸脱羧酶发酵酶活力的影响

目的是通过研究微量元素对乙酰乳酸脱羧酶的影响,来提高乙酰乳酸脱羧酶的活力。在实验室阶段,考察了多种微量元素对乙酰乳酸脱羧酶发酵酶活力的影响,通过单因子实验确定出微量元素的最佳浓度,并通过正交试验来摸索最佳的组合。验证试验结果表明：四种微量元素在最佳浓度分别镁0．0025g／L、锰0．00025g／L、钼0．0025g／L、钡0．0005g／L的组合下,可使酶的激活率达199％以上。     

Cobalt Tumor of the Thyroid Gland

Diminutive kidney, hypoplasia or atrophic pyelonephritis, may be the cause of hypertension, lumbar or abdominal pain, obscure gastrointestinal symptoms or chronic urinary infection accompanied by chills and fever. A hypoplastic kidney is prone to infection and stone formation.Diagnosis includes meticulous x-ray examination and renal function studies employing the more accurate quantitative phenolsulfonphthalein test of each kidney.Nephrectomy is the treatment for unilateral disease causing symptoms; localized atrophic pyelonephritis is amenable to partial resection.Since urinary stasis invites infection, obstructing ureteral strictures should be dilated. Pyelectasis, secondary to ptosis, and ureteropelvic obstruction should be corrected by nephropexy or plastic repair. These conservative measures may prevent renal destruction.Sixteen patients were subjected to nephrectomy: Six because of persistent pain and chronic infection and ten because of hypertension. The six with pain and chronic urinary infection were relieved. In six of the ten with hypertension, the disease recurred within six months to seven years.     

Cellular Interactions in Morphogenesis of the Thyroid Gland

The existence of an epithelio-mesodermal interaction in theembryonic chick thyroid has been tested by reaggregation of8- and 16-day epithelial monolayers with capsule, mesentery,heart ventricle, and perichondrial cells. Establishment of thehistological anil cytological pattern of the thyroid occurredonly in the presence of capsule. The loss of endoplasmic reticulumwhich occurs in monolayer culture was shown not to be a resultof spreading, since organ cultures of immediately reaggregatedcells undergo the same degenerative changes. Dissociation itselfalso cannot be the explanation for the loss since membrane destructionand recovery occur at different times in raft cultures and inchorio-allantoic grafts. The similarity of the results afterimmediate reaggregation and in combinations of epithelial cellswith capsule after monolayer culture suggests that the roleof the mesodermal component is to support the specialized cytoplasmicstructure and function of the epithelial cell type.     

Effect of Epoprostenol on The Thyroid Gland: Enlargement and Secretion of Thyroid Hormone

ObjectiveTo demonstrate the direct stimulation of thyroid tissue in the absence of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin after exposure to epoprostenol.MethodsSeronegative thyrotoxicosis, diffuse goiter, and homogeneous uptake on thyroid scintigraphy were noted in a patient with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) being treated with intravenously administered epoprostenol (prostaglandin I₂ or PGI₂). More cases with similar characteristics were identified on review of the thyroid function in patients with PAH who were treated with this medication. Fifty-four adult patients with PAH were studied. The study subjects were divided into 2 groups based on whether they were treated with PGI₂ or not. Thyroid functions were reviewed, and the prevalence of thyroid disease was assessed. We then compared the prevalence of hyperthyroidism in our study subjects with the prevalence of hyperthyroidism in the general female population using data from published studies.ResultsWe noted a high prevalence (3 of 45 or 6.7%) of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin-negative thyrotoxicosis in adults with preexisting PAH being treated with epoprostenol (PGI₂) in the absence of other mechanisms or drugs to explain the hyperthyroidism. The prevalence of hyperthyroidism in our study population was significantly greater (P < .01 by χ² analysis) than that in the general female population in other published reports.ConclusionThe data suggest that epoprostenol is a medication associated with stimulation of thyroid tissue, goiter formation, and hyperthyroidism. Patients receiving this drug need to undergo close follow-up for the development of thyrotoxicosis and goiter. (Endocr Pract. 2009; 15:116-121)     

甲状腺大部切除术方法探讨

目的：评价改良甲状腺大部切除术的效果与安全性。方法：回顾性分析1997年3月。2005年10月102例甲状腺良性疾病患者,甲状腺大部切除术后医疗效果。结果：94例痊愈,6例出现术后并发症,2例术后复发。结论：改良的甲状腺大部切除术能明显减轻手术创伤,缩短手术时间,减少术后并发症的发生,提高术后主观满意度,是治疗甲状腺良性疾病的理想术式。     

甲状腺大部切除术方法探讨

目的:评价改良甲状腺大部切除术的效果与安全性。方法:回顾性分析1997年3月~2005年10月102例甲状腺良性疾病患者,甲状腺大部切除术后医疗效果。结果:94例痊愈,6例出现术后并发症,2例术后复发。结论:改良的甲状腺大部切除术能明显减轻手术创伤,缩短手术时间,减少术后并发症的发生,提高术后主观满意度,是治疗甲状腺良性疾病的理想术式。     

Manganese-Induced Effects on Cerebral Trace Element and Nitric Oxide of Hyline Cocks

Exposure to Manganese (Mn) is a common phenomenon due to its environmental pervasiveness. To investigate the Mn-induced toxicity on cerebral trace element levels and crucial nitric oxide parameters on brain of birds, 50-day-old male Hyline cocks were fed either a commercial diet or a Mn-supplemented diet containing 600, 900, 1,800 mg kg^?1. After being treated with Mn for 30, 60, and 90 days, the following were determined: the changes in contents of copper (Cu), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), calcium (Ca), selenium (Se) in brain; inducible nitric oxide synthase-nitric oxide (iNOS-NO) system activity in brain; and histopathology and ultrastructure changes of cerebral cortex. The results showed that Mn was accumulated in brain and the content of Cu and Fe increased. However, the levels of Zn and Se decreased and the Ca content presented no obvious regularity. Exposure to Mn significantly elevated the content of NO and the expression of iNOS mRNA. Activity of total NO synthase (T NOS) and iNOS appeared with an increased tendency. These findings suggested that Mn exposure resulted in the imbalance of cerebral trace elements and influenced iNOS in the molecular level, which are possible underlying nervous system injury mechanisms induced by Mn exposure.