陇东子午岭林区野生有毒植物资源调查

经过三年的调查研究,首次报道了子午岭野生有毒维管植物66科127属170种.其中乔木10科 16属19种;灌木11科14属16种;木质藤本4科5属5种;多年生草本32科63属85种;一、二年生草本22科33属37科;草质藤本7科8属8种.并介绍了子午岭林区野生有毒植物的开发利用与保护建议.     

广东东源康禾省级自然保护区野生水果植物资源调查

本文根据现场调查和相关资料统计,广东东源康禾省级自然保护区共有野生水果27科45属71种,其种数约占该自然保护区维管植物总数的6.94%,占广东省野生水果的30.34%,全国野生水果的6.41%。其中双子叶植物24科43属67种,单子叶植物2科2属4种;乔木20种,灌木36种,藤本13种,草本2种;浆果类53种,核果类10种,仁果类6种,柑果类2种;热带分布科16个,占59.26%,温带分布科7个,占25.93%,以热带分布占优势;可作药用的62种,可作观赏的35种,用材树种17种,纤维植物12种,鞣料植物9种等。本自然保护区野生水果生命力强、生食性较好、同时具有较高的营养价值和药用保健价值。     

广东佛山市有毒植物资源调查

佛山市的有毒植物以被子植物占有绝对优势,分别占科、属、种的95．7％、98．0％和98．4％,其中又以双子叶植物占绝对优势。从习性方而来说,又以木本植物占优势,占总数的51．4％,草本和藤本分别占总数的33．9％和14．8％。佛山市计有有毒植物69科148属183种,其中蕨类植物1科1属1种,裸子植物2科2属2种,被子植物66科145属180种;木本94种,草本62种,藤本27种;剧毒4种,大毒21种,中等毒35种,小毒121种。文章分析了这些有毒植物资源的特点,并就其开发利用提出建议。     

黑龙江镜泊湖熔岩台地种子植物多样性

在野外调查和标本采集鉴定的基础上,对镜泊湖熔岩台地种子植物多样性进行了统计分析,结果表明:镜泊湖熔岩台地有野生种子植物81科270属493种,11个优势科含有的属、种数分别占50.74%和53.75%;优势科具有11个属和17个种的分布区类型,温带成分占主体;植物资源按其性质和用途分为药用、观赏等12类;按Raunkiaer生活型分类,以地面芽和一年生植物居多;按中国植被生活型分类,以多年生草本占优势,其次为一年生草本;在水分生态类型中,中生植物是主要的生态类型,旱生植物占总种数的7.51%.火山地貌对植物多样性具有深刻影响.     

海南铜铁岭种子植物资源调查

据调查海南铜铁岭有野生种子植物165科681属1279种,其中裸子植物3科3属5种;双子叶植物135科516属1025种;单子叶植物27科152属249种。在这些植物中,有国家重点保护野生植物8种、珍稀濒危植物61种。统计结果表明：有材用植物约401种、药用植物623种、油脂植物86种、芳香植物58种、蜜源植物102种、纤维植物56种、野生果树66种、观赏植物196种、饲料植物51种、绿肥植物22种、杀虫植物24种、单宁植物27种、淀粉植物16种。对其资源特点进行了分析,并对其开发利用和保护提出了建议。     

华中地区藤本种子植物区系的研究

以湖南和湖北两省为代表对华中地区藤本种子植物的区系进行了研究。本区共有藤本种子植物62科175属838种,其中土著种类有60科159属784种。在科、属、种的水平上对藤本种子植物区系特性进行了较深入的统计和分析,并对本区藤本种子植物与邻近地区的关系、本区内的藤本种子植物的地带性分异进行了探讨。统计表明,本区藤本种子植物种数占该区种子植物总种数的11%,且61.7%的种类主要集中在30种以上的大科中;热带分布型明显多于温带分布型;泛热带、热带亚洲、东亚（中国）特有和东亚—北美间断分布科属比较集中,其中许多属为古老成分;本区藤本种子植物特有成分丰富,计有东亚特有科1科、中国特有属6属、中国特有种507种（其中华中地区特有种35种）。通过研究认为：本区藤本种子植物具有种类丰富、分布类型多样、特有成分较多、区系较古老的特点;与本区的全部种子植物区系相比,藤本种子植物区系的热带性更强,具有明显的热带亲缘性,并与喜马拉雅及中国西南有较强的地理渊源。     

庐山地区野生园林药用植物资源及其应用

通过多年野外调查和查阅相关资料, 统计整理出庐山野生园林药用植物180 种, 隶属57 科115 属;根据Drude氏生活型系统可将野生园林药用植物分为乔木类、灌木或小乔木类、草本类和藤本类共4 类, 其中草本类种数最多有76 种, 占总种数的42.22%;其次是灌木或小乔木类有64 种, 占总种数的35.56%, 最少的是藤本有17 种, 占总种数的9.44%。它们具有组成多样、生活型多样、观赏特性多样、药用功能多样、园林应用多样性等特征。根据野生药用植物观赏特性, 探讨了药用植物在园林绿地中应用形式, 并分析其应用前景。     

安徽大别山野生藤本植物区系与生活型分析

大别山野生藤本植物共175种,隶属30科67属,其基本特点是:双子叶植物科属种最多,其中又以小型科属和单种科属较多,大科属较少。区系成分分析表明,热带成分居首位(22.4%),其次是东亚成分(19.4%)、东亚北美洲成分(13.4%);生活型以高芽位藤本106种(60.6%)占优,其后依次为地下芽藤本44种(25.1%)、地面芽藤本13种(7.4%)、一年生藤本8种(4.6%)和地上芽藤本4种(2.3%)。     

浙江东部地区古村落墙体植物多样性调查

植物墙是城市立体绿化的新形式,在景观和生态上都有重要作用,因此在城市中得到广泛应用。为了丰富城市墙体植物材料,该研究对浙江东部地区杭州、宁波、金华6个古村落中不同类型墙体上的墙体植物进行了多样性调查。结果表明:所调查到的墙体植物共有154种,隶属于69科122属,其中蕨类植物11科15属20种,被子植物59科107属134种;具有较强适应能力的植物主要集中在菊科、蓼科、禾本科、景天科、蔷薇科、葡萄科、大戟科、荨麻科,植物种类分布较为分散;从植物生活型上分析,草本有96种,藤本21种,灌木21种,乔木16种,草本占大多数;从墙体植物的分布、耐旱性上分析,生长在阳面墙体植物有45种,生长在阴面有67种,耐旱性植物有43种,喜湿性植物有26种;从观赏价值上分析,观叶植物有14种,观花植物19种,观果植物5种;此外,还对墙体植物在垂直绿化的选择应用上提出了建议。     

海南岛甘什岭无翼坡垒林群落结构与物种多样性

根据样方调查,对海南岛甘什岭无翼坡垒(Hopea reticulata)林群落的物种组成与物种多样性进行了分析。结果表明:(1)海南甘什岭无翼坡垒林群落有维管植物163种,隶属于64科128属,其中DBH≥1 cm的乔木有90种,隶属于40科66属;灌木有29种,隶属于17科24属;草本有21种,隶属于14科20属;DBH≥1 cm的木质藤本有25种,隶属于18科23属。(2)由物种分布频度分析可知,群落的建群种和优势种比例最低。(3)群落的Margalef丰富度指数为27.038,Shannon指数为3.647,Simpson指数为0.944,Pielou均匀度指数为0.716,生态优势度为0.054,与其他热带群落相比,该群落各项多样性指数均较低。(4)群落各层次的Margalef丰富度指数和Shannon指数表现为乔木层灌木层层间植物草本层,Simpson指数和Pielou均匀度指数均表现为乔木层层间植物灌木层草本层,生态优势度表现为草本层灌木层层间植物乔木层。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.