白花败酱染色体的核型分析

用去壁低渗染色体制片方法,对白花败酱(Patrinia villosa Juss)茎尖细胞染色体制片,研究其染色体组型.结果表明:白花败酱为二倍体、体细胞染色体数目为22;染色体组型公式为2n=2x=22=10m 4sm 4st 4t,第2、3、4、5、8号染色体为中间着丝点染色体,第6、11号染色体为近中着丝点染色体,第1、10号染色体为近端着丝点染色体,第7、9号染色体为端部着丝点染色体;染色体基数x=11,该染色体组内最长与最短染色体长度比值为3.037,臂比大于2:1的染色体共4条,占总数的36.4%,则白花败酱的核型类型为2B型.     

我国三种松鼠的染色体组型与演化

本文报道了我国南部三种(四亚种)松鼠骨髓细胞的染色体组型。其中,赤腹松鼠的两个亚种(Callosciurus erythraeus castaneoventris和C.e.michianus)具有非常相似的核型、它们的2n=40,FN=72,其中包括7对中着丝点染色体,8对亚中着丝点染色体,两对亚端着丝点染色体和两对端着丝点染色体。有一对亚端着丝点染色休(N0.18)的短臂上带有随体。X染色体是较大型的中着丝点染色体,Y是甚小的亚端着丝点染色体。这两个地理亚种核型的差异仅仅是某些染色体(如N0.3.4.5.10.11.X和Y)的臂比指数和相对长度的变化。 长吻松鼠(Dremomys pernyi flavior)的2n=40,FN=70,19对常染色体由8对中着丝点、8对亚中着丝点和3对端着丝点染色体组成。其中,第18染色体是一对在紧靠着丝点下方带有明显次缢痕但无随体的端着丝点染色体。X染色体是较大型的中着丝点染色体,Y是中型的亚中着丝点染色体。 侧纹岩松鼠(Sciurotamias forresti)的2n=38,FN=72,18对常染色体由8对中着丝点、9对亚中着丝点和1对在短臂上带有随体的亚端着丝点染色体组成。性染色体都是中着丝点染色体,其中X是较大型的,Y是最小的。 在文章的最后部分,我们分析和比较了东洋区树松鼠族(Callosciurini)4属松鼠的核型及其演化。     

格木的核型

本文研究了格木(Erythrophleum fordii OliV)的染色体核型。其体细胞染色体数目2n=28,具9对中部着丝点染色体,5对近中着丝点染色体。研究结果表明,格木属染色体基数除x=12外,还有x=14,此为研究格木属植物的起源和亲缘关系。以及格木的育种工作提供了细胞学资料。     

水杉的核型研究

本文观察了水杉的染色体,确定2n=22,核型公式为K(2n)=22m(2SAT),全具中着丝点,有一对随体。第8、10、11号染色体具“长着丝点区域”。属“1A”型,与北美红杉-AA的核型非常相近,可能是它的一个亲本种的直接后裔。     

三种姬鼠的染色体比较研究

本文采用染色体分带技术（Ｇ－,Ｃ－带和银染色）,对中华姬鼠（Ａｐｏｄｅｍｕｓｄｒａｃｏ）、大林姬鼠（Ａ．ｐｅｎｉｎｓｕｌａｅ）和大耳姬鼠（Ａ．ｌａｔｒｏｎｕｍ）的核型进行了观察分析。结果表明：３种姬鼠的２ｎ均为４８。中华姬鼠的染色体均为端着丝点染色体。大林姬鼠的常规核型中,除１对中着丝点染色体（Ｎｏ．２３）外,其余均为端着丝点染色体。大耳姬鼠的核型中,有１３对端着丝点染色体,２对亚端着丝点染色体,１对亚中着丝点染色体和７对中着丝点染色体。中华姬鼠Ｃ－带核型中,所有染色体着丝点Ｃ－带都呈强阳性,异染色质非常丰富,Ｙ染色体整条深染。在大林姬鼠Ｃ－带核型中,Ｎｏｓ．７,１１,１５,２１,２２着丝点Ｃ－带弱化甚至近阴性,其余染色体着丝点异染色质Ｃ－带都呈现程度不同的阳性。且Ｎｏｓ．２,４,７有强弱不同的端位异染色质带。Ｘ染色体着丝点区有大块的异染色质斑带出现,Ｙ染色体整条深染。大耳姬鼠除Ｎｏｓ．３,４,１０,１２,１３染色体着丝点Ｃ－带很弱外,其余染色体着丝点Ｃ－带均呈阳性,并有８对（Ｎｏｓ．１６－２３）染色体出现异染色质短臂。从总体上看,大林姬鼠和大耳姬鼠的着丝点异染色质明显比中华姬鼠的少。中华姬鼠的Ａｇ－ＮＯＲ     

东方五福花的核型分析

东方五福花体细胞染色体数为２ｎ＝１０８,其中包含３２个中部着丝点染色体,２４个近中着丝点染色体,２０个近端部着丝点染色体和３２个端部着丝点染色体。其核型公式可概括为：２ｎ＝１０８＝３２ｍ＋２２ｓｍ＋２０ｓｔ＋３２ｔ。     

喜马拉雅旱獭核型研究

作者采用外周血淋巴细胞培养方法,研究喜马拉雅旱獭的核型。染色体数目,2n=38。常染色体中有24个中着丝粒和亚中着丝粒染色体;12个端或亚端着丝粒染色体。X为亚中着丝粒染色体,Y为端着丝粒染色体。     

茼蒿的核型研究(摘要)

茼蒿染色体的数目2n=18,其核型公式2n=18=16m+2sm(SAT),茼蒿第1—6对,8—9对为中部着丝点染色体,第7对为近中着丝点并带有一对随体。     

沙田柚染色体组型及Giemsa带型分析

本文以沙田柚为材料,对其染色体组型及带型进行了观察分析。组型分析:染色体数目2n=18,根据染色体的相对长度分成大小染色体两种类型,前者包括1、2、3、4和5对,后者为6、7、8和9对,根据臂比,9对染色体能够被分成中部着丝点和近中着丝点染色体两种类型。即第5、7,9对为亚中部着丝点,其余为中部着丝点,第6对染色体上有随体;Giemsa带型:除第二对染色体只显中间带外,其余都显着丝点带,并在3、4、8对染色体短臂上和2、3、1对染色体长臂上均显端带,第2、3,6对同源染色体之间的C带显示杂合性。     

国产毛莨科银莲花族十七种植物的细胞学研究

研究了国产毛茛科银莲花族Trib.Anemoneae17种植物的染色体数目和核型。10种银莲花属AnemoneL.植物中,1种（西南银莲花A.davidii)为x=8的四倍体（2n=4x=32）,5种（匍枝银莲花A.stolonifera、草玉酶A.rivularis、卵叶银莲花A.begoniifolia、水棉花A.hupehensis f.allba、大火草A.tomentosa）为x=8的二倍体（2n=2x=16）,4种（鹅掌草A.flaccida、湿地银莲花A.rupestris、蓝匙叶银莲花A.trullifolia var.colestina、拟条叶银莲花A.trulifolia var.holophylla、展毛银莲花A.rupestris）为x=7的二倍体（2n=2x=14)。罂粟莲花Anemoclema glaucifolium为x=8的二倍体。6种铁线莲属ClematisL.植物（滇川铁线莲C.hkockiana、长花钱线莲C.rehderiana、金毛铁线莲A.chrysocoma）均为x=8的二倍体。银莲花花属中x=7的种类核型彼此十分相似,均由6对大型具中部着丝点的染色体和1对具端部着丝点的染色体组成;x=8的二倍体种类的核型与罂粟莲花属和铁线莲属植物的核型十分相似,均由5对大型具中部着丝点和3对具端部或近端部着丝点的染色体组成。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.