新疆吉木乃地区始新世中期哺乳动物化石1)

记述了新疆吉木乃地区托斯特西部发现的Triplopus sp.、 Triplopus? jeminaiensis sp.nov., Lophialetes sp.及Hyaenodontidae indet.等哺乳动物化石,证实了这一地区中始新世地层的存在.其属种构成大致可与内蒙古伊尔丁曼哈动物群及哈萨克斯坦中始新世Obayla或Sargamys哺乳动物群对比,时代为伊尔丁曼哈期.     

内蒙古巴彦乌兰地区始新世哺乳类及相关地层问题

记述了在内蒙古巴彦乌兰地区发现的４种始新世哺乳动物化石,其中包括１个啮齿类新种──Ｍｅｒｇｅｎｏｍｙｓ ｎｅｉｍｏｎｇｏｌｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。新种与在蒙古共和国发现的属型种Ｍ．ｏｒｉｅｎｔａｌｉｓ的不同在于个体大,下臼齿下外脊和下次小尖相对偏于唇侧。新化石的发现以及对岩石地层的分析表明巴彦乌兰剖面上原认为的伊尔丁曼哈组应包含伊尔丁曼哈及沙拉木伦组两个地层单位。     

山西垣曲盆地中始新世的原翼齿兽(鬣齿兽科,肉齿目,哺乳纲)化石

记述了在山西省垣曲县王茅乡郭家村火石坡地点发现的原翼齿兽属一新种──童氏原翼齿兽(Ｄｒｏｐｔｅｒｏｄｏｎ ｔｏｎｇｉ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．)。新种比伊尔丁原翼齿兽(Ｐ．ｉｒｄｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ)个体小、下颌联合部靠前、下前臼齿之间有齿隙、ｍ３跟座小。新材料为垣曲盆地可能存在中始新世伊尔丁曼哈期地层提供了证据。     

垣曲盆地始新世哺乳动物研究的新进展

简介了近几年来在垣曲盆地开展的地层古生物工作。在河南渑池任村和山西垣曲河堤、寨里等原有的化石点上通过筛洗和发掘,不仅找到了大量的以啮齿类为主的小哺乳动物,而且还发现了曙猿等珍贵的灵长类标本。新发现的火石坡化石点所产哺乳动物化石带明显的原始色彩,预示着垣曲盆地有可能存在中始新世伊尔丁曼哈期地层。按层位列出了迄今为止最为全面的垣曲盆地始新世哺乳动物名单。     

河南信阳平昌关盆地晚始新世哺乳动物化石

本文对河南省信阳平昌关盆地的哺乳动物化石进行了研究,并对含哺乳动物化石的层位李庄组的时代进行了讨论。认为李庄组可与內蒙伊尔丁曼纳组、豫西的卢氏组和核桃园组对比,比吴城盆地的三个岩组的时代要早,为晚始新世早期。     

内蒙古二连盆地呼和勃尔和地区壮鼠类化石

描述了产自内蒙古二连盆地呼和勃尔和地区始新世壮鼠类化石,包括呼和勃尔和剖面伊尔丁曼哈组底部的Asiomys dawsoni以及努和廷勃尔和剖面阿山头组底部的Ischyromyidae gen.et sp.indet.。其中Asiomys与其他壮鼠类的区别在于其下颌厚、高;咬肌窝明显、前缘宽,并有较明显的结节;P4无次尖、M1和M2次尖小;后小尖2个;dp4有明显的下次脊、p4无下次脊;下臼齿下原尖后棱长短不一、下次尖与下后齿带相连、下外脊完整、下次脊短。Asiomys的下颌特征与Paramys delicatus相似,门齿釉质层、上臼齿次尖、下臼齿下次脊等结构特征与北美中始新世的壮鼠类相近,与亚洲已知的壮鼠类差别较大。因此,Asiomys是中始新世亚洲与北美大陆哺乳动物之间交流的又一佐证。     

内蒙古中始新世一似ameghinornithid鸟类(鸟纲:Cariamae:Ameghinornithidae?)（英文）

内蒙古二连盆地额尔登敖包剖面(相当于伊尔丁曼哈组)的中始新世早期地层中新发现的一件标本显示其属于一个与ameghinornithid相似的种,代表了Ameghinornithidae在亚洲的首个记录。新标本具有外踝半圆形,缺失骨质腱桥,伸肌沟外侧具有大而平的结节,以及其他与ameghinornithid和似ameghinornithid鸟类共有的特征。内蒙古标本与欧洲最古老的ameghinornithids记录大体属同一时代(约48 Ma)。与同时期内蒙古哺乳动物群主要由亚洲类群组成兼有少量与北美有关的绝灭类群不同,这类鸟类中始新世时在北美缺失,而存在于欧洲和亚洲。加上埃及法尤姆早渐新世地层中发现的似ameghinornithid鸟类,这类已经绝灭的鸟类的地理分布似乎比过去所认为的要广泛得多。     

内蒙古中始新世一似ameghinornithid鸟类(鸟纲:Cariamae:Ameghinornithidae?)

内蒙古二连盆地额尔登敖包剖面(相当于伊尔丁曼哈组)的中始新世早期地层中新发现的一件标本显示其属于一个与ameghinornithid相似的种,代表了Ameghinomithidae在亚洲的首个记录.新标本具有外踝半圆形,缺失骨质腱桥,伸肌沟外侧具有大而平的结节,以及其他与ameghinomithid和似ameghinomithid鸟类共有的特征.内蒙古标本与欧洲最古老的ameghinomithids记录大体属同一时代(约48 Ma).与同时期内蒙古哺乳动物群主要由亚洲类群组成兼有少量与北美有关的绝灭类群不同,这类鸟类中始新世时在北美缺失,而存在于欧洲和亚洲.加上埃及法尤姆早渐新世地层中发现的似ameghinomithid鸟类,这类已经绝灭的鸟类的地理分布似乎比过去所认为的要广泛得多.     

山西垣曲中始新世中期仓鼠化石

记述了在垣曲盆地郭家村火石坡地点发现的仓鼠类一新种和一个相似种———垣曲古亚鼠 (Palasiomysyuanquensissp .nov.)和垣曲古亚鼠相似种 (Palasiomyscf.P .yuanquensis )。新种以上臼齿前小尖不明显、m1下前边尖与下原尖相连、个体大等特点区别于属型种锥齿古亚鼠 (P .conulus)。古亚鼠化石在火石坡的发现为垣曲盆地可能存在中始新世伊尔丁曼哈期地层提供了又一证据。     

准噶尔盆地三个泉始新世雷兽(奇蹄目,雷兽科)一新种（英文）

新疆准噶尔盆地三个泉中始新世依希白拉组内发现的晚叉额雷兽属新种——马氏晚叉额雷兽(Epimanteoceras mae sp.nov.)是新疆目前发现保存最好的雷兽头骨化石。标本为一件不完整的头骨,缺失鼻骨,前颌骨,部分上颌骨和泪骨。新种具有眶上突较粗大,额骨宽阔平坦,臼齿有中心窝,臼齿舌侧齿带前部上的齿尖不发育,M3无次尖等晚叉额雷兽属的特征。新种的颧弓成向外扩的弓形,额顶嵴在后侧向内收缩弯曲的弧度更大,外耳道较为倾斜,枕柱上方有舌状的突起,与唯一的属型种娇晩叉额雷兽(Epimanteoceras formosus)明显不同。马氏晚叉额雷兽同属型种关系最近,在系统发育分析中两者与雷兽亚族(Brontotheriina)构成一个三分支结构,但是两者是否为后者的姊妹类群尚无法确定。和属型种一样,马氏晚叉额雷兽在演化程度上与内蒙古伊尔丁曼哈期的谷氏原雷兽(Protitan grangeri)接近,但与同时期地理位置更近的哈萨克斯坦的雷兽Aktautitan hippopotamopus相比,马氏晚叉额雷兽较原始,表明新种所在的地层时代很可能要早于发现A.hippopotamopus的地层。三个泉剖面依希白拉组伊尔丁曼哈期以前发现的化石较少,此次马氏晚叉额雷兽的发现,不仅扩大了晚叉额雷兽属的地理分布,也为依希白拉组内存在伊尔丁曼哈期的沉积提供了新的佐证。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.