In Silico Study of Different Signal Peptides to Express Recombinant Glutamate Decarboxylase in the Outer Membrane of Escherichia coli

International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics - Gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) is used as drugs, food ingredients, and dietary supplements. l-glutamate is converted to GABA by the...     

Rational Design of a Carrier Protein for the Production of Recombinant Toxic Peptides in Escherichia coli

Commercial uses of bioactive peptides require low cost, effective methods for their production. We developed a new carrier protein for high yield production of recombinant peptides in Escherichia coli very well suited for the production of toxic peptides like antimicrobial peptides. GKY20, a short antimicrobial peptide derived from the C-terminus of human thrombin, was fused to the C-terminus of Onconase, a small ribonuclease (104 amino acids), which efficiently drove the peptide into inclusion bodies with very high expression levels (about 200–250 mg/L). After purification of the fusion protein by immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography, peptide was obtained by chemical cleavage in diluted acetic acid of an acid labile Asp-Pro sequence with more than 95% efficiency. To improve peptide purification, Onconase was mutated to eliminate all acid labile sequences thus reducing the release of unwanted peptides during the acid cleavage. Mutations were chosen to preserve the differential solubility of Onconase as function of pH, which allows its selective precipitation at neutral pH after the cleavage. The improved carrier allowed the production of 15–18 mg of recombinant peptide per liter of culture with 96–98% purity without the need of further chromatographic steps after the acid cleavage. The antimicrobial activity of the recombinant peptide, with an additional proline at the N-terminus, was tested on Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains and was found to be identical to that measured for synthetic GKY20. This finding suggests that N-terminal proline residue does not change the antimicrobial properties of recombinant (P)GKY20. The improved carrier, which does not contain cysteine and methionine residues, Asp-Pro and Asn-Gly sequences, is well suited for the production of peptides using any of the most popular chemical cleavage methods.     

Strategies for the Production of Recombinant Protein in Escherichia coli

In the recent past years, a large number of proteins have been expressed in Escherichia coli with high productivity due to rapid development of genetic engineering technologies. There are many hosts used for the production of recombinant protein but the preferred choice is E. coli due to its easier culture, short life cycle, well-known genetics, and easy genetic manipulation. We often face a problem in the expression of foreign genes in E. coli. Soluble recombinant protein is a prerequisite for structural, functional and biochemical studies of a protein. Researchers often face problems producing soluble recombinant proteins for over-expression, mainly the expression and solubility of heterologous proteins. There is no universal strategy to solve these problems but there are a few methods that can improve the level of expression, non-expression, or less expression of the gene of interest in E. coli. This review addresses these issues properly. Five levels of strategies can be used to increase the expression and solubility of over-expressed protein; (1) changing the vector, (2) changing the host, (3) changing the culture parameters of the recombinant host strain, (4) co-expression of other genes and (5) changing the gene sequences, which may help increase expression and the proper folding of desired protein. Here we present the resources available for the expression of a gene in E. coli to get a substantial amount of good quality recombinant protein. The resources include different strains of E. coli, different E. coli expression vectors, different physical and chemical agents and the co expression of chaperone interacting proteins. Perhaps it would be the solutions to such problems that will finally lead to the maturity of the application of recombinant proteins. The proposed solutions to such problems will finally lead to the maturity of the application of recombinant proteins.     

表达重组葡激酶-水蛭素融合蛋白的大肠杆菌工程菌的高密度培养

采用溶氧反馈的分批培养流加补料的方法高密度培养重组大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)生产重组葡激酶-水蛭素融合蛋白。通过摇瓶培养对菌种和培养条件的初步筛选,采用溶氧反馈的流加补料策略,进行了5L发酵罐的合成培养基和复合培养基的发酵工艺的研究。通过对培养条件的不断优化,重组葡激酶-水蛭素融合蛋白在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)里得到了高效表达,菌体密度最终达到115g/L(WCW)以上,可溶性重组融合蛋白占菌体总蛋白的30%以上,含量约为1.1~1.2g/L。5L发酵罐的发酵工艺参数在40L发酵罐中进行了放大培养,结果表明该工艺能有效的放大,可适用于工业生产。     

重组蛋白在大肠杆菌周间腔的分泌表达

大肠杆菌是用于生产重组蛋白的重要工程宿主菌。但是,要获得足够的正确折叠的蛋白还存在一定的缺陷,其中一种解决此问题的方法就是使重组蛋白分泌到大肠杆菌的周间腔里。在这篇综述中,主要讨论了使重组蛋白分泌表达至大肠杆菌周间腔的近期的研究进展。     

不同流加发酵方式对重组大肠杆菌细胞外Hegf表达水平的影响

人表皮生长因子 (ｈＥＧＦ)是由 5 3个氨基酸组成的单链多肽 ,内有 3个二硫键。它具有多种重要的生物学功能 ,能够促进表皮细胞的生长繁殖 ,加速皮肤和角膜创伤的修复 ,加速胃溃疡的治疗和抑制胃酸的分泌 ,具有广阔的医疗应用前景[1 ] 。最近又发现ｈＥＧＦ在化妆品产业中有潜在的重大应用[2 ] 。这些都促进了人们试图采用基因工程技术大规模地生产ｈＥＧＦ。1982年Ｓｍｉｔｈ等人首先在Ｅ .ｃｏｌｉ中以融合蛋白形式实现了ｈＥＧＦ的表达[3 ] ,随后在枯草杆菌和酵母菌中亦相继实现了表达[4] 。由于ｈＥＧＦ在酵母菌中表达水平很低 ,大肠杆…     

Optimization of Human Serum Albumin Periplasmic Localization in Escherichia coli Using In Silico Evaluation of Different Signal Peptides

International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics - Signal peptides (SPs) are essential tools to keep folding and function of recombinant proteins which are folded by disulfide bonds....     

Experimental Evaluation of In Silico Selected Signal Peptides for Secretory Expression of Erwinia Asparaginase in Escherichia coli

International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics - Erwinia chrysanthemi asparaginase is an important drug used in cancer treatment, especially in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)....     

产琥珀酸重组大肠杆菌的发酵性能研究

研究了重组大肠杆菌JM001(△ppc)/pTrc99a-pck发酵产琥珀酸的性能,结果表明厌氧条件下其耗糖能力和产酸能力分别为对照菌株JM001的4.2倍和15.3倍。进一步优化发酵条件表明：采用接入菌泥的发酵方式比按照10%接种量转接厌氧发酵的效果要好,琥珀酸的对葡萄糖的质量收率提高了约10%,且副产物乙酸的量进一步降低。初始葡萄糖浓度高于60g/L时会对菌株的生长和产酸产生抑制,且浓度越高,抑制作用越明显。7L发酵罐放大实验中,整个厌氧发酵阶段葡萄糖的消耗速率为0.42g/(L.h),琥珀酸对葡萄糖的质量收率为67.75%,琥珀酸的生产强度为0.28g/(L.h)。     

用重组大肠杆菌发酵生产人生长激素研究

通过不同培养基、不同糖浓度对重组菌Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉＤＨ１０Ｂ／ｐＩＮⅢＡ３ＨＧＨ的菌体生长与外源蛋白表达量的影响的比较，确定较为合适的培养条件，并对发酵过程中调节ｐＨ的氨水用量与外源蛋白的表达量之间的相关性作探索，得到相关性曲线，从而根据氨水用量了解细菌的生长状况。     

表达大肠杆菌K88ac-ST1-LTB融合蛋白基因工程菌株的构建

利用PCR技术,从大肠杆菌C83902质粒中扩增出K88ac基因、ST1突变基因和LTB基因,通过分离、纯化、内切酶酶切、连接和转化,构建了含K88ac-ST1-LTB融合基因表达载体的重组菌株BL21（DE3）（pXKST3LT5)。经酶切鉴定和DNA序列分析证实,构建的重组质粒pXKST3LT5中含有K88ac-ST1-LTB融合基因,且基因序列和阅读框架均正确。经ELISA检测,重组菌株表达的K88ac-ST1-LTB融合蛋白能够被ST1单抗、LTB和K88ac抗体识别。经乳鼠灌胃试验证实,表达的融合蛋白已丧失天然ST1肠毒素的活性。免疫实验结果表明,K88ac-ST1-LTB融合蛋白能够诱发小白鼠产生抗体,该抗体具有中和天然ST1肠毒素的毒性作用,表明构建的重组菌株可以作为预防仔猪黄、白痢基因工程菌苗的候选菌株。     

Utilization of Escherichia coli Outer-Membrane Endoprotease OmpT Variants as Processing Enzymes for Production of Peptides from Designer Fusion Proteins

Escherichia coli outer-membrane endoprotease OmpT has suitable properties for processing fusion proteins to produce peptides and proteins. However, utilization of this protease for such production has been restricted due to its generally low cleavage efficiency at Arg (or Lys)-Xaa, where Xaa is a nonbasic N-terminal amino acid of a target polypeptide. The objective of this study was to generate a specific and efficient OmpT protease and to utilize it as a processing enzyme for producing various peptides and proteins by converting its substrate specificity. Since OmpT Asp⁹⁷ is proposed to interact with the P1′ amino acid of its substrates, OmpT variants with variations at Asp⁹⁷ were constructed by replacing this amino acid with 19 natural amino acids to alter the cleavage specificity at Arg (P1)-Xaa (P1′). The variant OmpT that had a methionine at this position, but not the wild-type OmpT, efficiently cleaved a fusion protein containing the amino acid sequence -Arg-Arg-Arg-Ala-Arg↓motilin, in which motilin is a model peptide with a phenylalanine at the N terminus. The OmpT variants with leucine and histidine at position 97 were useful in releasing human adrenocorticotropic hormone (1-24) (serine at the N terminus) and human calcitonin precursor (cysteine at the N terminus), respectively, from fusion proteins. Motilin was produced by this method and was purified up to 99.0% by two chromatographic steps; the yield was 160 mg/liter of culture. Our novel method in which the OmpT variants are used could be employed for production of various peptides and proteins.     

Expression of an Anaplerotic Enzyme, Pyruvate Carboxylase, Improves Recombinant Protein Production in Escherichia coli

Anaplerotic enzyme reactions are those which replenish tricarboxylic acid intermediates that are withdrawn for the synthesis of biomass. In this study, we examined recombinant protein production in Escherichia coli containing activity in an additional anaplerotic enzyme, pyruvate carboxylase. In batch fermentations, the presence of pyruvate carboxylase resulted in 68% greater production of the model protein, β-galactosidase, 41% greater cell yield, and 57% lower acetate concentration. We discuss why these results indicate that acetate concentration does not limit cell growth and protein synthesis, as predicted by other researchers, and suggest instead that the rate of acetate formation represents an inefficient consumption of glucose carbon, which is reduced by the presence of pyruvate carboxylase.     

重组大肠杆菌生物转化甘油生产3-羟基丙酸

目的:以甘油为底物构建高效的3-羟基丙酸生产菌株。方法:以自身携带乙醛脱氢酶的E.coli BL21(DE3)plysS作为宿主,异源表达源自Klebsiella pneumoniae的甘油脱水酶基因dhaB。结果:重组菌E.coli HP获得的甘油脱水酶比活力在1.0mmol/L IPTG的诱导下达到了77.2 U/mg,摇瓶条件下,3-HP的最大产量为5.44 g/L,摩尔转化率为53%,该产量比目前报道的最高水平(4.4 g/L)提高了23.6%。结论:重组菌株E.coli HP实现了甘油向3-羟基丙酸(3-HP)的高效生物转化。     

重组大肠杆菌产琥珀酸研究进展

琥珀酸作为一种优秀的C4平台化合物, 广泛用于生物高分子、食品与医药等行业, 市场潜在需求量巨大。采用微生物发酵法生产琥珀酸, 可利用廉价的可再生资源, 实现石油的原料替代, 而且过程污染小, 环境友好, 且在发酵过程中可吸收固定温室气体CO2, 开辟了其利用的新途径, 近年来引起了广泛关注。在丁二酸生产菌株中, 大肠杆菌由于其遗传背景清楚, 易操作易调 控, 培养基要求简单, 生长迅速等优点, 近年来被广泛用于研究以获得产琥珀酸优秀生产菌株。本工作系统综述了产琥珀酸大肠杆菌构建中所采用的基因工程策略及代谢工程技术, 并探讨了今后研究的方向。     

重组戊型肝炎病毒衣壳蛋白工程菌的高密度培养

在10L发酵罐中对戊型肝炎病毒衣壳蛋白在重组大肠杆菌中表达发酵工艺进行了研究,用分批培养方法探讨了不同培养基、培养基中磷酸盐浓度和Mg^2＋浓度等因素对菌体生长与重组蛋白表达的影响;用分批补料培养研究了不同的补料工艺对菌体生长与重组蛋白表达的影响,同时对重组菌诱导时期、诱导持续时间以及不同诱导温度表达包含体在尿素溶液中的溶解性进行了研究。结果表明,在优化后的培养基中,磷酸盐浓度、Mg^2＋浓度分别为80mmol/L 与20mmol/L时菌体生长与表达效果较好;分批补料培养中,37℃培养9h菌体达到对数期中期(约45OD600)为适宜诱导时期,加入终浓度为10mmol/L IPTG后诱导5h,OD600达到80以上,重组蛋白表达量达到29.74％,为最适收获菌体时间;37℃表达的包含体80％以上溶解在4mol/L的尿素溶液中,最终浓度达到14mg/mL; 10L发酵罐中确定的发酵工艺参数在30L发酵罐中进行了放大培养,10L发酵罐中确定的发酵工艺参数在30L发酵罐上具有可放大性与重复性, 可以应用于工业生产。     

提高大肠杆菌可溶性重组蛋白表达产率的研究进展

大肠杆菌表达重组蛋白相比真核细胞具有成本低廉、大规模发酵容易、条件易于自动化控制等优点,通过大肠杆菌表达重组蛋白是一种高效、经济的途径,重组蛋白表达量可达到大肠杆菌总蛋白质量的50%。具有正常生化活性的重组蛋白通常为可溶性形式,因而对于以得到活性产物(如抗体、酶等)为目的的研究,通常采用可溶性表达途径。目前已有多种以可溶性重组蛋白为活性物质的治疗性药物经批准上市,但并非所有外源基因均能实现可溶性高表达,因此重组蛋白的可溶性高表达具有重要研究价值。在总结近年提高经大肠杆菌可溶性表达重组蛋白产率研究的基础上,从启动子的选择、SD序列的引入、信号肽的优化、宿主细胞的选择、共表达其他蛋白质,高密度发酵等方面阐释在大肠杆菌中提高可溶性重组蛋白表达产率的方法。     

In Silico Analysis for Determination and Validation of Iron-Regulated Protein from Escherichia coli

International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics - The iron ion is an essential element in biological processes. Many of biological activities in cells, such as peroxide reduction,...     

启动子优化提高重组大肠杆菌PHA产量

聚羟基脂肪酸酯(PHA)是一类由微生物合成的高分子聚酯的统称,具有生物可降解性、生物可再生性和良好的生物相容性,应用前景广阔。PHA具有类似塑料的材料学性能,倍受到科学界和工业界的关注,但是生产成本较高等原因极大地限制了其大规模应用。本研究通过筛选优化在微氧条件下能够高效调控基因表达的启动子,能有效提高生产菌株在微氧条件下积累PHA的能力,减少生产能耗,降低成本。首先,在大肠杆菌基因表达库中筛选出5个在微氧条件下高效调控基因表达的启动子,与编码红色荧光蛋白的RFP报告基因相连,通过酶标仪检测RFP的荧光信号值,对5个不同的微氧启动子的表达强度进行评估,比较得到其中最高效的启动子Pslp。为进一步提高生产PHA的效率,将2个Pslp序列采用串联的方式构建得到一个新启动子P2slp,利用其调控PHA代谢合成途径中3个关键基因phbC、phbA和phbB的表达。通过发酵扩大生产,在启动子P2slp的调控下,重组大肠杆菌的细胞干重由22 g/L提高至29 g/L,PHA的产量由49.1%提高至81.3%。本研究通过筛选优化启动子提高了重组大肠杆菌生产PHA的产量,为PHA的产业化应用提供了一种有效的提高PHA产量的方法,具有实际价值。