Neoheligmonella acomysi n. sp. (Trichostrongyloidea,Nippostrongylinae), parasite d'Acomys dimidiatus Muridae de Somalie

Résumé Neoheligmonella acomysi n. sp., parasite d'Acomys dimidiatus en Somalie est proche de N. houini Durette-Desset, 1970, de N. pseudospira Durette-Desset, 1970, toutes deux parasites d'Arvicanthis abyssinicus en Ethiopie, et de N. dossoi Durette-Desset & Cassone, 1986, parasite d'Uranomys ruddi en Côte d'Ivoire. Il se sépare de ces trois espèces par de longues côtes ventrales, une côte dorsale divisée dans son tiers moyen, des spicules à pointe épaisse et un synlophe de sept et non six arêtes ventrales.

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Neoheligmonella acomysi n. sp., a parasite of Acomys dimidiatus in Somalia, is closely related to N. houini Durette-Desset, 1970 and N. pseudospira Durette-Desset, 1970, both parasites of Arvicanthis abyssinicus in Ethiopia, and to N. dossoi Durette-Desset & Cassone, 1986, a parasite of Uranomys ruddi in the Ivory Coast. It is differentiated from those species by its long ventral rays, the division of the dorsal ray in the middle third, the thickness of the tips of the spicule and a synlophe with seven ventral longitudinal cuticular ridges.

     

Two new Australian species of the Paraulopus nigripinnis complex (Aulopiformes: Paraulopidae)

Two new species, Paraulopus longianalis n.sp. and Paraulopus melanostomus n.sp., are described from western and southern Australian waters. Both are referable to the Paraulopus nigripinnis group of Sato and Nakabo (2002b, 2003) in having 4.5–5.5 scales above the lateral line, supraocular ridges and large adult body size, but differ from other species of the group in having two rows of cheek scales. Paraulopus longianalis is characterized by a deep anal fin in males, tiny adipose dorsal fin and supraocular ridges extending nearly to the predorsal scales, and P. melanostomus is most easily distinguished by its black buccal cavity and relatively broad, depressed head. A key to the six described species in the P. nigripinnis group is provided.     

Species of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Neohaliotrema</Emphasis> Yamaguti, 1965 (Monogenea: Ancyrocephalidae) from the pomacentrid <Emphasis Type="Italic">Abudefduf vaigensis</Emphasis> (Quoy &; Gaimard) off Pulau Langkawi,Malaysia, with a revised diagnosis of the genus and a key to its species

Four new and one unidentified species of Neohaliotrema Yamaguti, 1965 were obtained from the gills of the Indo-Pacific sergeant Abudefduf vaigensis (Quoy & Gaimard) off Pulau Langkawi, Malaysia. The five species, N. malayense n. sp., N. bombini n. sp., N. andamanense n. sp., N. parvum n. sp. and an unidentified Neohaliotrema sp. (similar to N. macracanthum Zhukov, 1976), are described and distinguished based mainly on features of the haptor. Species of this genus are divisible into two groups, the ‘maomao group’, with two pairs of morphometrically modified ‘marginal’ hooks and a fenestrated haptor, and the ‘gracile group’, with morphologically similar marginal hooks and an entire haptor. With the exception of N. bombini n. sp., the species described fit within the ‘maomao group’. It is suggested that the more complex Neohaliotrema species of the ‘maomao group’ have modified hooks 1 and 2 on a haptoral ‘isthmus’ between two large apertures, i.e. ‘windows’, whereas the less complex species lacking these features are those of the ‘gracile group’. Neohaliotrema spp. have only a single pair of pigmented eye-spots. A fenestrated haptor is unique to the Neohaliotrema spp. of the ‘maomao group’. The generic diagnosis of Neohaliotrema is amended to include new data and a key to its known species is presented.     

Spalacina yanchevi n. g., n. sp. (Nematoda: Heligmonellidae) from the lesser mole rat Spalax leucodon (Rodentia: Spalacidae)

Spalacina n. g. (Heligmonellidae, Nippostrongylinae) is erected for S. yanchevi n. sp. (type-species) [syns Heligmonina nevoi of Genov & Janchev (1982) and Genov (1984)] from Spalax leucodon (Spalacidae) and two other species from spalacid rodents previously considered as members of Heligmonina Baylis, 1928: S. spalacis (Sharpilo, 1973) n. comb. and S. nevoi (Wertheim & Durette-Desset, 1975) n. comb. The new genus belongs to the subfamily Nippostrongylinae and is closely related to the genus Heligmonina from which it can be distinguished by a greater angle of rotation of the synlophe, the absence of a gradient on the ventral ridges and a weakly developed right dorsal ridge. The zoogeographical distribution of Spalacina spp. is associated with that of Palaearctic spalacids. S. yanchevi differs from S. spalacis and S. nevoi in the number and size of the ridges, the distance between the extremities of the rays 6 and 8, the degree of reduction of the dorsal ray and the length of the spicules.     

A new stomach worm,Obeliscoides pentalagi n. sp. (Nematoda; Trichostrongyloidea) of Ryukyu rabbits,Pentalagus furnessi (Stone, 1900)

Summary A new trichostrongylid nematode, Obeliscoides pentalagi n. sp., from the stomach of the Ryukyu Rabbit, Pentalagus furnessi, collected on Amami-ohshima Island, south Japan is described. O. pentalagi n. sp. resembles O. leporis Schulz, 1931 and O. travassosi Liu & Wu, 1941, but differs in the relative size and morphology of the dorsal ray and genital cone of the males. The number and distribution of longitudinal cuticular ridges of O. pentalagi n. sp. is similar to those of O. cuniculi multistriatus Measures & Anderson, 1983, but it differs in the morphology of the spicules, dorsal ray and genital cone in males, and in the morphology of the prevulval lobe of the females. The discovery of O. pentalagi further supports the hypothesis of a Eurasian origin of the genus Obeliscoides (Graybill, 1923) Graybill, 1924 (Durette-Desset, 1983; Durette-Desset & Chabaud, 1977; Measures & Anderson, 1983a, b, c, 1984). The number and distribution of longitudinal cuticular ridges and variation of the prevulval lobe in females of O. leporis Schulz, 1931 are also examined and compared with those of other species.     

Two new species ofOdilia (Nematoda: Heligmonellidae) from Australian rodents,with comments onO. bainae Beveridge & Durette-Desset, 1992

Odilia tasmaniensis n. sp.,O. praeputialis n. sp. andO. bainae Beveridge & Durette-Desset, 1992 from the small intestine of Australian murids are described and illustrated. The two new species are distinguished from the other eight species in the genus, namelyO. mackerrasae (Mawson, 1961),O. brachybursa (Mawson, 1961),O. emanuelae (Mawson, 1961),O. melomyos (Mawson, 1961),O. polyrhabdote (Mawson, 1961),O. uromyos (Mawson, 1961),O. mawsonae (Durette-Desset, 1969) andO. bainae Beveridge & Durette-Desset, 1992.O. tasmaniensis n. sp. fromRattus lutreolus is characterised by the longitudinal cuticular ridges being continuous, the presence of 18 ridges in cross-section in the middle region of the body, the joined distal ends of the spicules forming a curved bluntly rounded tip, a short genital cone with a single ventral papilla and a pair of laterally curving dorsal raylets and the posterior end of the female tapering sharply.O. praeputialis n. sp. fromZyzomys woodwardi is characterised by continuous longitudinal cuticular ridges, the presence of 22–35 ridges in cross-section in the middle of the body, the sharply pointed joined distal tips of the spicules, a complex genital cone with a flat membraneous proconus, a ventral papilla projecting from an extension of the body wall, a pair of short straight dorsal raylets and the presence of a praepuce on the posterior end of the female.O. bainae is characterised by the longitudinal cuticular ridges being continuous, the presence of 17–22 ridges in cross-section in the middle region of the body, the joined distal ends of the spicules surrounded in an oval transparent cap, a long genital cone with a single ventral papilla and a pair of laterally curving dorsal raylets, and the absence of a praepuce on the posterior end of the female.Rattus lutreolus and the pseudomyine rodentsPseudomys higginsi andMastacomys fuscus are new host records for this species.     

A morphological and electrophoretic study of Rugopharynx zeta (Johnston & Mawson, 1939) (Nematoda: Strongyloidea), with the description of a new species,R. mawsonae,from the black-striped wallaby Macropus dorsalis (Marsupialia: Macropodidae)

Rugopharynx zeta (Johnston & Mawson) (Nematoda: Strongyloidea) is redescribed from the rock wallabies Petrogale penicillata penicillata, P. p. herberti, P. inornata and P. assimilis from Queensland and New South Wales, Australia. Specimens formerly assigned to this nematode taxon from the wallabies Macropus dorsalis and M. parma are treated as a new species, R. mawsonae. R. mawsonae n. sp. differs from R. zeta in the shape of the dorsal ray, length of spicules, morphology of spicule tip, length of female tail and position of deirid. The morphological differences are supported by electrophoretic data. R. zeta and R. mawsonae n. sp. had fixed genetic differences at 45.0% of the 21 enzyme loci examined, while each differed at 38.1% and 45.0% of loci respectively from the morphologically distinct R. delta (Johnston & Mawson). The known host and geographical distributions of R. zeta and R. mawsonae n. sp. are reviewed.     

New water mite species of the genus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Aturus</Emphasis> (Acari,Hydrachnidia, Aturidae) from Russia

Two new species of the genus Aturus Kramer (A. tuzovskyi sp. n. and A. kimichungi sp. n.) from Russia are described. These species and closely related species of the genus Aturus are compared. A. tuzovskyi sp. n. male is characterized by a slender body, the presence of a pair of bifurcated setae on the dorsal shield, two sword ventrodistal setae equal in length on the genu of leg IV, and 10–14 pairs of acetabula. The female of this species is characterized by the oval body and the presence of 10–13 pairs of acetabula. The male of A. kimichungi sp. n. is characterized by a rounded body, the presence of a single pair of bifurcated setae on the dorsal shield; sword setae on the genu IV are longer than tibia IV; 14–21 pairs of acetabula are present. The female of this species possesses a rounded body and 18–19 pairs of acetabula.     

Trichostrongylina (Nematoda) from Malagasy Muridae. I--Description of two new species of Heligmonellidae in Nesomys spp

Two new species of Heligmonellidae, Heligmonina wrightae n.sp. (Nippostrongylinae) and Nesomystrongylus fissicauda n.gen., n. sp. (Brevistriatinae) are described from Madagascar in Nesomys rufus and N. audeberti (Muridae). In Nesomys audeberti, the species are coparasites. Heligmonina wrightae is differentiated from all the other species of the genus, except H. malacomysi Sakka & Durette-Desset, 1988, by the ratio of the length of the spicules on the length of the body (25-27.8% versus 9.5-7%). It differs from H. malacomysi by the pattern of the caudal bursa and by the angle of the axis of orientation of the cuticular ridges on the sagittal axis. Nesomystrongylus fissicauda is related to the genus Fissicauda Durette-Desset & Krishnasamy, 1976, by the absence of the carene, by the ridges discontinuous on all the sides of the body and by the deeply divided dorsal ray. It differs from this genus by a different structure of the ridges, by the pattern of the caudal bursa, (very tiny rays 2 and strongly developed rays 3, rays 8 arising from common trunk of rays 2 to 6) and by the presence of a caudal tip in the female.     

A new species of anglerfish (Lophiidae: <Emphasis Type="Italic">Lophiodes</Emphasis>) from the western Pacific

Lophiodes endoi sp. nov. is described from the western Pacific Ocean. Within the genus Lophiodes, the new species belongs in the L. mutilus group mainly defined by the absence of the fourth dorsal fin spine and differs from other species in the L. mutilus group in having a rounded esca with a paler tip, a third dorsal spine bearing a pair of black tendrils at two-thirds its length, 20–21 pectoral fin rays, a relatively short head, a relatively short illicium, a relatively short third dorsal spine, and a relatively long fifth dorsal spine, reaching the third soft dorsal fin ray when folded back. Comments on a similar species, L. bruchius, newly collected from the Kyushu–Palau Ridge, and notes on the distribution of congeneric species in the northwestern Pacific are provided.     

Observations on the gastric epithelium of ascidians with special reference to Styela clava

Summary Transmission electron microscopy shows the gastric epithelium of Styela clava to comprise at least three distinct cell types. Ciliated mucous cells which form the crest of each stomach ridge produce mucus by an unexpected route. Vacuolated cells lining the ridge sides appear to be absorptive in function. Gastric enzymes are produced by typical protein secreting cells scattered amongst the vacuolated cells. Undifferentiated cells are found in the crypts between ridges. The structure and function of the gastric epithelium in Styela is discussed with special reference to the wider concepts of ascidian gut organization.The author is grateful to Mrs. L. Rolph for technical help with scanning electron microscopy and Mr. J. Calvert and Mr. R. Jones for assistance with the transmission electron microscopy. Animals were collected through the kind offices of Mr. J. Sturges and other staff of the Admiralty Marine Trials Station, Portsmouth. This research was carried out during the tenure of SRC grant No. B/RG 82919 -The localization of polypeptide hormones in the pharynx and gut of Protochordates     

Suttonema delta n. g., n. sp. (Nematoda: Trichostrongylina: Heligmosomoidea) from Oxymycterus rufus (Rodentia: Sigmodontinae) in Argentina

A new nippostrongyline, Suttonema delta n. g., n. sp., is described from the intestine of Oxymycterus rufus (Rodentia: Sigmodontinae) from Argentina, in a host from which trichostrongylid nematodes were hitherto unknown. The new genus is very similar to Stilestrongylus Freitas, Lent & Almeida, 1937 and Malvinema Digiani, Sutton & Durette-Desset, 2003, both parasites of Neotropical sigmodontines, in the features of the caudal bursa (with a pattern of type 1-4, asymmetrical with hypertophied right lobe) and the presence of cephalic structures resembling cuticular cordons. The larval synlophe is also identical to that of Stilestrongylus freitasi Durette-Desset, 1968. The new genus is differentiated by an adult synlophe with few ridges (9-12 at mid-body) of two different types: small, rounded ridges without cuticular support on the dorsal side, and pointed ridges of unequal size on the ventral side and in lateral fields. It is also characterised by the presence of comaretes on the left ventral and ventral fields of the synlophe.     

Revision of the genus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Nuchequula</Emphasis> with descriptions of three new species (Perciformes: Leiognathidae)

The leiognathid genus Nuchequula can be defined by the following combination of characters: mouth protruding downward; a narrow band of small, slender, villiform teeth in both jaws; teeth on upper jaw strongly recurved; the lateral line almost complete; a dark blotch on the nape. Although the genus was first established as a subgenus of Eubleekeria, it is here raised to generic level on the basis of the aforementioned morphological characters and recent molecular biological evidence. The genus comprises six valid species: N. blochii (Valenciennes 1835), distributed in India and Thailand; N. flavaxilla sp. nov., occurring only at Panay I., Philippines; N. gerreoides (Bleeker 1851), widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific, from the Persian Gulf to Cape York, Australia, and north to Taiwan; N. glenysae sp. nov., from northern Australia and Ambon, Indonesia; N. longicornis sp. nov., from the Gulf of Thailand and Indonesia; and N. nuchalis (Temminck and Schlegel 1845), occurring in southern China including Taiwan, and southern Japan. Diagnostic characters of the species belonging to the genus are as follows: N. blochii—breast scaled, cheek naked, and a conspicuous black blotch distally on spinous dorsal fin; N. flavaxilla sp. nov.—breast naked, dorsolateral body surface fully scaled, preorbital spine bicuspid and not expanded distally, and second dorsal and anal fin spines conspicuously elongated; N. gerreoides—breast naked, anterior part of dorsolateral surface of body almost completely scaled, and second dorsal and anal fin spines not conspicuously elongated; N. glenysae sp. nov.—breast completely scaled, cheek scaled, and unique complicated sensory canals present on the suborbital area, extending to the nape; N. longicornis sp. nov.—breast naked, dorsolateral body surface fully scaled, preorbital spine bicuspid or tricuspid and extended distally, and second dorsal fin spines only conspicuously elongated; N. nuchalis—breast naked, anterior part of dorsolateral surface of body widely naked, and a conspicuous dark blotch distally on spinous dorsal fin.     

A new Heligmonellid (Nematoda: Heligmonellidae) from Oecomys mamorae (Rodentia: Sigmodontinae) in the pantanal and new data on the synlophe of Guerrerostrongylus zetta from the Atlantic Forest, Brazil

A new species of Heligmonellidae nematode, Guerrerostrongylus gomesae n. sp., is described from specimens collected from the small intestine of the rodent Oecomys mamorae Thomas, 1906 in the Brazilian Pantanal. It differs from the 2 other species of the genus by the number of ridges in the synlophe 35-46 and 40-48 at the midbody in the male and female, respectively, by rays 8 arising at midlength of the dorsal trunk, ending near the margin of the caudal bursa, and the dorsal ray divided at the second-third part into 2 branches, each branch divided into 2 subequal subbranches. In addition, specimens of Guerrerostrongylus zetta Travassos, 1937 collected in Oligoryzomys nigripes Olfers, 1818 contain synlophe with 36-42 cuticular ridges in males and 38-42 in females at the midbody. By the characteristics of the synlophe and caudal bursa, Gerrerostrongylus gomesae n. sp. is considered a new species. We suggest that the number of cuticular ridges for this genus broadens the range of the cuticular ridges to at least 35 at midbody.     

A new genus and three new species of dactylogyrids (Monogenea), gill parasites of the threadfin bass,Pronotogrammus multifasciatus Gill (Perciformes: Serranidae) in the Southeastern Pacific Ocean off Peru

Pronotogrammella n. g. is erected to accommodate Pronotogrammella boegeri n. sp. (type-species), Pr. scholzi n. sp. and Pr. multifasciatus n. sp. (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae). The new species are gill parasites of the threadfin bass Pronotogrammus multifasciatus Gill (Perciformes: Serranidae), a demersal teleost collected from off the coastal zone of Puerto Pizarro, Tumbes, Peru. Pronotogrammella n. g. is mainly characterised by having broadly fork-shaped dorsal anchors, which have an accessory anchor sclerite articulated to the tip of the superficial roots. Pronotogrammella n. g. is also characterised by having: (i) a tubular tapered-shaped male copulatory organ (MCO), filamentous distally, with a clockwise coil at distal end or not, lacking accessory piece; (ii) a dorsal bar with an anteromedial delicate umbelliform membrane supported by two processes; (iii) hooks with upright blunt thumb and uniform shank; (iv) a vaginal aperture dextrolateral; (v) a subquadrangular haptor, with inconspicuous lateral flaps and lacking haptoral reservoirs; and (vi) eye-spot or chromatic granules absent. Pronotogrammella boegeri n. sp. is characterised by its crosier-shaped MCO having a clockwise coil at distal end and by its dorsal bar with a straight anteromedial processes. Pronotogrammella scholzi n. sp. is typified by possessing of a dorsal bar with the anteromedial processes like cow horns, hoof-shaped deep roots of the dorsal anchors and a broader shaft of the MCO. Pronotogrammella multifasciatus n. sp. differs from all congeners by having a tubular MCO with twisted shaft and a base with a short and broad arm and by having an almost dumbbell-shaped ventral bar.

     

Nematode parasites of the turtle Pelusios sinuatus (pelomedusidae: Pleurodira) from southern Africa

Summary Two nematode parasites are described from the turtle Pelusios sinuatus of southern Africa. Camallanus chelonius n. sp. (Camallanoidae) is easily distinguished from other species reported from Africa in possessing less than 10 smooth ridges in the buccal valves. It most closely resembles a group of seven species described from Indian amphibians but may be differentiated from these by a combination of characters: shape of the female tail and distal end of the spicules, male caudal papillae, presence or absence of small barbs between the bases of the buccal valve ridges. C. chelonius is intermediate in cephalic morphology between other Camallanus spp., which are all restricted to fish and amphibian hosts, and the genus Serpinema reported only in turtles. Falcaustra pelusios n.sp. (Cosmocercoidea) is the first species of the genus reported in pelomedusid turtles. It is easily distinguished from all other species by the presence of two large and complex cheilostomal rings in the cephalic end, a very short male tail, large gubernaculum, relatively short thick spicules and large number (more than 50 pairs) of subventral preanal muscle cells posterior to the sucker. ac]19810907     

A new species of Vexillata (Nematoda: Ornithostrongylidae) in Attwater's pocket gopher from Texas

Vexillata geomyos n. sp. is described as a parasite of Attwater's pocket gopher, Geomys attwateri (Geomyidae), from Welder Wildlife Refuge, Texas. The new species possesses 12 cuticular ridges; based on this character, it can be distinguished from 7 of the 13 species in the genus. From the 6 remaining species, V. geomyos can be differentiated because the dorsal ray in 3 of them (V. armandae, V. dessetae, and V. vexillata) has 2 short branches arising from main trunk, whereas dorsal ray of the new species lacks these branches. In addition, V. geomyos can be distinguished from V. brooksi because its spicules are divided at the tip (whereas in the new species, spicules are whole). The new species differs from V. legallae and V. convoluta in the number and arrangement of cuticular ridges at the posterior region of the body.     

Species of criconematids (Nematoda: Criconematina) from Haryana,India

Ten known, viz. Criconema (Nothocriconemella) mutabile (Taylor, 1936) Raski & Luc, 1985, Neolobocriconema aberrans (Jairajpuri & Siddiqi, 1963) Andrássy, 1979, Macroposthonia sphaerocephala (Taylor, 1936) De Grisse & Loof, 1965, Nothocriconemoides basili (Jairajpuri, 1963) Loof & De Grisse, 1974, Hemicriconemoides cocophillus Loos, 1949, H. litchi Edward & Misra, 1963, H. mangiferae Siddiqi, 1961, Aulosphora indica (Siddiqi, 1961) Siddiqi, 1980, Paratylenchus obtusicaudatus Raski, 1975, and Tylenchulus semipenetrans Cobb, 1913, plus three new species of criconematids are recorded from Haryana state, India. Larvae of N. aberrans and N. basili are described for the first time. The main distinguishing features of the new species are as follows. M. paronostris n. sp.: R=117–128, R V=7–9, spear=55–62 μm, submedian lobes present, larvae with smooth annules; Criconemoides punicus n. sp.: R=75–85, R V=5–7, spear=73–81 μm, larvae with crenate annules: Hemicycliophora siddiqii n. sp.: R=185–198, R V=33–42, spear=57–59 μm, one incisure plus longitudinal lines on the cuticle. ac]19860702     

Rhodeus pseudosericeus sp. nov., a new bitterling from South Korea (Cyprinidae, Acheilognathinae)

A new bitterling, Rhodeus pseudosericeus sp. nov., is described on the basis of 31 specimens from five localities included in the Namhan River system, South Korea. The new species is distinguished from other Rhodeus species by the following combination of characters: branched dorsal fin rays 9–10 (mode 9); branched anal fin rays 9–11 (mode 10); longest simple ray of dorsal fin strong and stiff, distally segmented; pelvic fin rays i, 6–7; iris of males blackish; dorsal and anal fins of males grayish in breeding season; karyotype with 2n = 48 (8m + 20sm + 20st). Rhodeus pseudosericeus sp. nov. is similar to Rhodeus sericeus sericeus in the number of pelvic fin and branched dorsal fin rays and the melanophores present on the dorsal fin membrane, but differs from the latter in having a greater body depth, more branched anal fin rays, fewer vertebrae, a lower number of scales in the lateral series, and differing male nuptial coloration. Received: June 30, 2000 / Revised: February 21, 2001 / Accepted: March 6, 2001     

New species of Pogonophryne (Pisces, Artedidraconidae) from the Bellingshausen Sea, Antarctica

A new species of notothenioid fish, Pogonophryne bellingshausenensis n. sp., is described from the Bellingshausen Sea, Antarctica. The new species belongs to the dorsally-spotted “mentella” group of the genus and is characterized by having a short (about 13% SL) mental barbel with a short (about 16% of barbel length), narrow (barely wider than the stalk), and relatively inconspicuous terminal expansion composed of short, irregular, fingerlike processes. Compared to most other dorsally-spotted species of Pogonophryne (“barsukovi”, “marmorata”, and “mentella” groups), P. bellingshausenensis has a relatively wide (about 7% SL) interorbital region. An unspotted patch on the median dorsal surface of the head, posterior to the posttemporal ridges and anterior to the first dorsal fin, has not been observed previously in any dorsally-spotted species. The holotype was collected at 1,947 m, one of the deepest records for any species of Pogonophryne. A revised key to the ten species of the “mentella” group of Pogonophryne is also provided.