RECENT ORNITHOLOGICAL PUBLICATIONS

Baker , R. Robin. 1982. Migration-paths through time and space. Blondel , J. & Isenmann , P. 1981. Guide des oiseaux de Camargue. Boag , D. 1982. The Kingfisher. Dunning , J. S. 1982. South American land birds–a photographic aid to identification. Frith , H. J. 1982. Pigeons and doves of Australia. Gardarsson , A. (ed.). 1982. Fuglar. Ritlandvernder 8. Geroudet , P. 1982. Limicoles, Gangaes et Pigeons 'Europe. Gould , P. J., Forsell , D. J. & Lensink , D. J. 1982. Pelagic distribution and abundance of seabirds in the Gulf of Alaska and eastern Bering Sea. Grant , P. J. 1982. Gulls: a guide to identification. Holden , P. & Sharrock , J T. R. 1982. The RSPB book of British birds. Ilichev , V. D. & Vilks , YE. K. 1978. [Spatial orientation of birds]. Jouventin , P. 1982. Visual and vocal signals in penguins, their evolution and adaptive characters. Advances in Ethology, Suppl. 24 to Journal of Comparative Ethology. Jouventin , P., Massé , L. & Tréhen , P. (eds.) 1982. Colloque sur les ecosystèmes subantarctiques. Station biologique de Paimpont (Université de Rennes). Litvinenko , N. M. & Neufeldt , I. A. (eds.). 1982. Cranes of East Asia. Lockley , R. M. 1983. Flight of the storm petrel. Ogilvie , M. 1982. The wildfowl of Britain and Europe. Pontin , A. J. 1982. Competition and coexistence of species. Prestt , I. 1982. British birds–lifestyles and habitats. Ratti , J. T., Flake , L. D. & Wentz , W. A. (eds.). 1982. Waterfowl ecology and management: selected readings. Rutschke , E. (ed.). 1983. Die Vogelwelt Brandenburgs. Scott , D. A. & Smart , M. (eds.). 1982. Proceedings of the second technical meeting on Western Palearctic migratory bird management. Sharrock , J. T. R. & Grant , P. J. 1982. Birds new to Britain and Ireland. Soothill , E. & Soothill , R. 1982. Wading birds of the world. Géroudet , P. 1982. Limicoles, Gangaes et Pigeons 'Europe. Tomkies , M. 1982. Golden Eagle years. Vïksne , J. (ed.). 1983. Birds of Latvia–territorial distribution and number. Watling , D. 1982. Birds of Fiji, Tonga and Samoa. Alderton , D. 1982. Looking after cage birds Ali , S. 1979. The book of Indian birds. 11th ed. Allaby , M. 1982. Animal artisans. Bezzel , E. 1982. Mein Hobby: Vögel beobachten. Wie-wann-wo? Dathe , H. Neufeldt , I. A. 1982. Atlas der verbreitung Palaearktischer vogel. Frith , H. J. 1982. Waterfowl in Australia. (Australian Natural Science Library revised edition). Grimes , B. 1982. British wild birds. Johnston -Stewart , N. G. B. & Heigham , J. B. 1982. Bridging the bird gap. A field guide to the 64 species in Malawi not described in Robert's Birds of South Africa. Kenyo , J. R. 1982. The Willoughby Gardner Library. A collection of early printed books on natural history. Ripley , S. D. 1982. A synopsis of the birds of India and Pakistan, together with those of Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. 2nd ed. Rosenberg , M. E. 1982. Sound and hearing. Scott , B. 1982. The birdwatcher's calendar. Vevers , G. 1982. The colours of animals. Institute of Biology Studies in Biology No. 146. Welty , J. C. 1982. The life of birds. 3rd edition.     

Book Reviews

M icrobial I nteractions and C ommunities Vol. 1. (1982). Edited by A.T. Bull & J.H. Slater. 567 pp. London, New York: Academic Press. £33.80, US $69.50.
B ioactive M icrobial P toducts : S earch and D iscovery (Special Publications of the Society for General Microbiology No. 6) (1982). Edited by J.D. Bu'Lock, L.J. Nisbet & O.J. Winstanley. 148 pp. London and New York: Academic Press. £10.00, US $20.50.
I solation and I dentification M ethods for F ood P oisoning O rganisms (Society for Applied Bacteriology Technical Series No. 17). (1982). Edited by Janet E.L. Corry, Diane Roberts & F.A. Skinner. 406 pp. London and New York: Acadmic Press. £30.00, US $55.50.
P lasmids (Study in Biology No. 142) (1982). M.J. Day. 52 pp. London: Edward Arnold. £2.50.
S mith's I ntroduction T o I ndustrial M ycology 7th Edition (1981). A.H.S. Onions, D. Allsopp & H.O.W. Eggins. 398 pp. London: Edward Arnold. £37.50.     

Besprechungen/Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: Seidel , F., ed. (1982): Morphogenese der Tiere (Morphogenesis in animals). Handbuch der ontogenetischen Morphologie und Physiologie in Einzeldarstellungen. Noakes , D. I. G., D. G. Lindquist , G. S. Helfman and J. A. Ward (1983): Predators and prey in fishes (Räuber und Beute bei Fischen). Burghardt , G. M., and A. S. Rand, eds. (1982): Iguanas of the world. Their behavior, ecology and conservation (Leguane der Welt. Jenkins , J. M. (1983): The native forest birds of Guam (Die einheimischen Waldvögel von Guam). Boag , D. (1982):The Kingfisher (Der Eisvogel). Bezzel , E., und F. Pölking (1979): Kleinod Eisvogel. O'Donald , P. (1983): The Arctic skua. A study of the ecology and evolution of a seabird (Die Schmarotzerraubmöwe. Nelson , B. (1980): Seabirds, their biology and ecology (Meeresvögel, ihre Lebensweise und Umweltbeziehungen). Grant , G. S. (1982): Avian incubation: egg temperature, nest humidity, and behavioral thermoregulation in a hot environment (Das Brüten von Vögeln: Temperatur der Eier, Feuchtigkeit des Nestes und Wärmeregulierung durch Verhalten). Perrins , C. M., and T. R. Birkhead (1983): Avian ecology (Ökologie der Vögel). Brush , A. H., and G. A. Clark, eds. (1983): Perspectives in ornithology (Ornithologische Ausblicke).     

Structural and functional recovery of electropermeabilized skeletal muscle in-vivo after treatment with surfactant poloxamer 188

A critical requirement for cell survival after trauma is sealing of breaks in the cell membrane [M. Bier, S.M. Hammer, D.J. Canaday, R.C Lee, Kinetics of sealing for transient electropores in isolated mammalian skeletal muscle cells, Bioelectromagnetics 20 (1999) 194-201; R.C. Lee, D.C. Gaylor, D. Bhatt, D.A. Israel, Role of cell membrane rupture in the pathogenesis of electrical trauma, J. Surg. Res. 44 (1988) 709-719; R.C. Lee, J.F. Burke, E.G. Cravalho (Eds.), Electrical Trauma: The Pathophysiology, Manifestations, and Clinical Management, Cambridge University Press, 1992; B.I. Tropea, R.C. Lee, Thermal injury kinetics in electrical trauma, J. Biomech. Engr. 114 (1992) 241-250; F. Despa, D.P. Orgill, J. Newalder, R.C Lee, The relative thermal stability of tissue macromolecules and cellular structure in burn injury, Burns 31 (2005) 568-577; T.A. Block, J.N. Aarsvold, K.L. Matthews II, R.A. Mintzer, L.P. River, M. Capelli-Schellpfeffer, R.L. Wollman, S. Tripathi, C.T. Chen, R.C. Lee, The 1995 Lindberg Award. Nonthermally mediated muscle injury and necrosis in electrical trauma, J. Burn Care and Rehabil. 16 (1995) 581-588; K. Miyake, P.L. McNeil, Mechanical injury and repair of cells, Crit. Care Med. 31 (2003) S496-S501; R.C. Lee, L.P. River, F.S. Pan, R.L. Wollmann, Surfactant-induced sealing of electropermeabilized skeletal muscle membranes in vivo, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 89 (1992) 4524-4528; J.D. Marks, C.Y. Pan, T. Bushell, W. Cromie, R.C. Lee, Amphiphilic, tri-block copolymers provide potent membrane-targeted neuroprotection, FASEB J. 15 (2001) 1107-1109; B. Greenebaum, K. Blossfield, J. Hannig, C.S. Carrillo, M.A. Beckett, R.R. Weichselbaum, R.C. Lee, Poloxamer 188 prevents acute necrosis of adult skeletal muscle cells following high-dose irradiation, Burns 30 (2004) 539-547; G. Serbest, J. Horwitz, K. Barbee, The effect of poloxamer-188 on neuronal cell recovery from mechanical injury, J. Neurotrauma 22 (2005) 119-132]. The triblock copolymer surfactant Poloxamer 188 (P188) is known to increase the cell survival after membrane electroporation [R.C. Lee, L.P. River, F.S. Pan, R.L. Wollmann, Surfactant-induced sealing of electropermeabilized skeletal muscle membranes in vivo, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 89 (1992) 4524-4528; Z. Ababneh, H. Beloeil, C.B. Berde, G. Gambarota, S.E. Maier, R.V. Mulkern, Biexponential parametrization of T2 and diffusion decay curves in a rat muscle edema model: Decay curve components and water compartments, Magn. Reson. Med. 54 (2005) 524-531]. Here, we use a rat hind-limb model of electroporation injury to determine if the intravenous administration of P188 improves the recovery of the muscle function. Rat hind-limbs received a sequence of either 0, 3, 6, 9, or 12 electrical current pulses (2 A, 4 ms duration, 10 s duty cycle). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis, muscle water content and compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitudes were compared. Electroporation injury manifested edema formation and depression of the CMAP amplitudes. P188 (one bolus of 1 mg/ml of blood) was administrated 30 or 60 min after injury. Animals receiving P188 exhibited reduced tissue edema (p<0.05) and increased CMAP amplitudes (p<0.03). By comparison, treatment with 10 kDa neutral dextran, which produces similar serum osmotic effects as P188, had no effect on post-electroporation recovery. Noteworthy, the present results suggest that a single intravenous dose of P188 is effective to restore the structural integrity of damaged tissues with intact circulation.     

Book reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
H andbuch der B akteriellen I nfektionen bei T ieren Band IV (1982). Edited by H. Blobel & T. Schliesser.
P atenting in the B iological S ciences (1982). R.S. Crespi.
D evolopments in F ood M icrobiology —1 (1982). Edited by R. Davies.
A M anual of M ethods for the B acteriological E xamination of F rozen F oods (1982). L. P. Hall 3rd ed.
I mmunobiology of I nfection with H erpes S implex V irus (Monographs in Virology, Vol 13). (1982). H. Kirchner.     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Nedwell, D.B. & Brown, CM. (Eds.) (1982) Sediment Microbiotogy.
Thornton, J.A. (Ed.) (1982) Lake Mcllwaine (The Eutrophication and Recovery of a Tropical African Man-Made Lake ).
Edwards, R.W. & Brooker, M.P. (1982) The Ecology of the Wye.
Wilson, R.S. & McGiU, J.D. (1982) A Practical Key to the Genera of Pupal E.xuviac of the British Chironomidae.     

Besprechungen/Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: Zeitschriften/Periodicals: Reinhardt, V., und A. Reinhardt Zeitschriften/Periodicals: Losey, G. S. Jr. (1982): Ecological cues and experience modify interspecific aggression by the damselfish Zeitschriften/Periodicals: Sekulic, R. (1982): The function of howling in red howler monkeys Zeitschriften/Periodicals: Nijssen, A. (1982): The relation between the eating system and the grooming system in rats Zeitschriften/Periodicals: Sordahl, T. A. (1982): Antipredator behavior of American avocet and black-necked stilt chicks Zeitschriften/Periodicals: Muszalski Shy, M. (1982): Interspecific feeding among birds Zeitschriften/Periodicals: Burkhardt, D. (1982): Birds, berries and UV. A note on some consequences of UV vision in birds Zeitschriften/Periodicals: Beilharz, R. G. , und K. Zeeb (1982): Social dominance in dairy cattle Zeitschriften/Periodicals: Porter, F. L. , und G. F. McCracken (1983): Social behavior and allozyme variation in a captive colony of Carollia perspicillata Zeitschriften/Periodicals: Krebs, J. R. , und N. B. Davies (1981): Öko-Ethologie (Behavioural ecology) Zeitschriften/Periodicals: Voith, V. L. , and P. L. Borchelt, eds. (1982): Symposium on animal behavior     

Besprechungen/Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: Zeitschriften/Periodicals: Maple, T. L., ed. (1982): Zoo biology Zeitschriften/Periodicals: Moynihan, M. , und A. F. Rodaniche (1982): The behavior and natural history of the Caribbean Reef Squid Sepioteuthis sepioidea Zeitschriften/Periodicals: Ohguchi, O. (1981): Prey density and selection against oddity by three-spined sticklebacks Zeitschriften/Periodicals: Jouventin, P. (1982): Visual and vocal signals in penguins, their evolution and adaptive characters Zeitschriften/Periodicals: Burger, J., B. L. Olla und H. E. Winn (1980): Behavior of marine animals Zeitschriften/Periodicals: Morbeck, M. E., H. Preuschoft und N. Gomberg, eds. (1979): Environment, behavior and morphology Zeitschriften/Periodicals: Chiarelli, A. B. , und R. S. Corruccini, eds. (1982): Advanced views in primate biology     

Structural and functional recovery of electropermeabilized skeletal muscle in-vivo after treatment with surfactant poloxamer 188

A critical requirement for cell survival after trauma is sealing of breaks in the cell membrane [M. Bier, S.M. Hammer, D.J. Canaday, R.C Lee, Kinetics of sealing for transient electropores in isolated mammalian skeletal muscle cells, Bioelectromagnetics 20 (1999) 194-201; R.C. Lee, D.C. Gaylor, D. Bhatt, D.A. Israel, Role of cell membrane rupture in the pathogenesis of electrical trauma, J. Surg. Res. 44 (1988) 709-719; R.C. Lee, J.F. Burke, E.G. Cravalho (Eds.), Electrical Trauma: The Pathophysiology, Manifestations, and Clinical Management, Cambridge University Press, 1992; B.I. Tropea, R.C. Lee, Thermal injury kinetics in electrical trauma, J. Biomech. Engr. 114 (1992) 241-250; F. Despa, D.P. Orgill, J. Newalder, R.C Lee, The relative thermal stability of tissue macromolecules and cellular structure in burn injury, Burns 31 (2005) 568-577; T.A. Block, J.N. Aarsvold, K.L. Matthews II, R.A. Mintzer, L.P. River, M. Capelli-Schellpfeffer, R.L. Wollman, S. Tripathi, C.T. Chen, R.C. Lee, The 1995 Lindberg Award. Nonthermally mediated muscle injury and necrosis in electrical trauma, J. Burn Care and Rehabil. 16 (1995) 581-588; K. Miyake, P.L. McNeil, Mechanical injury and repair of cells, Crit. Care Med. 31 (2003) S496-S501; R.C. Lee, L.P. River, F.S. Pan, R.L. Wollmann, Surfactant-induced sealing of electropermeabilized skeletal muscle membranes in vivo, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 89 (1992) 4524-4528; J.D. Marks, C.Y. Pan, T. Bushell, W. Cromie, R.C. Lee, Amphiphilic, tri-block copolymers provide potent membrane-targeted neuroprotection, FASEB J. 15 (2001) 1107-1109; B. Greenebaum, K. Blossfield, J. Hannig, C.S. Carrillo, M.A. Beckett, R.R. Weichselbaum, R.C. Lee, Poloxamer 188 prevents acute necrosis of adult skeletal muscle cells following high-dose irradiation, Burns 30 (2004) 539-547; G. Serbest, J. Horwitz, K. Barbee, The effect of poloxamer-188 on neuronal cell recovery from mechanical injury, J. Neurotrauma 22 (2005) 119-132]. The triblock copolymer surfactant Poloxamer 188 (P188) is known to increase the cell survival after membrane electroporation [R.C. Lee, L.P. River, F.S. Pan, R.L. Wollmann, Surfactant-induced sealing of electropermeabilized skeletal muscle membranes in vivo, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 89 (1992) 4524-4528; Z. Ababneh, H. Beloeil, C.B. Berde, G. Gambarota, S.E. Maier, R.V. Mulkern, Biexponential parametrization of T2 and diffusion decay curves in a rat muscle edema model: Decay curve components and water compartments, Magn. Reson. Med. 54 (2005) 524-531]. Here, we use a rat hind-limb model of electroporation injury to determine if the intravenous administration of P188 improves the recovery of the muscle function. Rat hind-limbs received a sequence of either 0, 3, 6, 9, or 12 electrical current pulses (2 A, 4 ms duration, 10 s duty cycle). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis, muscle water content and compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitudes were compared. Electroporation injury manifested edema formation and depression of the CMAP amplitudes. P188 (one bolus of 1 mg/ml of blood) was administrated 30 or 60 min after injury. Animals receiving P188 exhibited reduced tissue edema (p < 0.05) and increased CMAP amplitudes (p < 0.03). By comparison, treatment with 10 kDa neutral dextran, which produces similar serum osmotic effects as P188, had no effect on post-electroporation recovery. Noteworthy, the present results suggest that a single intravenous dose of P188 is effective to restore the structural integrity of damaged tissues with intact circulation.     

Cloning and nucleotide sequence of the gene coding for the major 25-kilodalton outer membrane protein of Brucella abortus.

The cloning and sequencing of the Brucella abortus major 25-kDa outer membrane protein (OMP) is reported. The 25-kDa (group 3) OMP has been proposed, on the basis of amino acid composition, to be the counterpart of OmpA (D. R. Verstraete, M. T. Creasy, N. T. Caveney, C. L. Baldwin, M. W. Blab, and A. J. Winter, Infect. Immun. 35:979-989, 1982). However, the amino acid sequence predicted from the cloned B. abortus gene did not reveal significant homology with either OmpA sequences from different members of the family Enterobacteriaceae or other known protein sequences.     

Besprechungen/Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: Chiarelli , A. B., und R. S. Corruccini, eds. (1981): Primate evolutionary biology (Evolutionsbiologie der Primaten). Herbinet , E., and M. C. Busnel, eds. (1981): L'aube des sens (The dawn of senses/Erwachen der Sinne). Barlow , H. B., und J. D. Mollon, eds. (1982): The senses (Die Sinne). Steiner , J. E., und J. R. Ganchrow, eds. (1982): Determination of behaviour by chemical stimuli (Steuerung von Verhalten durch chemische Reize). Stein , J. F. (1982): An introduction to neurophysiology (Einführung in die Neurophysiologie). Obrist , P. A. (1981): Cardiovascular psychophysiology — A perspective (Kreislaufphysiologie und Verhalten). Fagen , R. (1981): Animal play behavior (Spielverhalten von Tieren).     

Novel non-productively bound ribonuclease inhibitor complexes--high resolution X-ray refinement studies on the binding of RNase-A to cytidylyl-2',5'-guanosine (2',5'CpG) and deoxycytidylyl-3',5'-guanosine (3',5'dCpdG).

The X-ray structures of two complexes of bovine ribonuclease-A produced by soaking pre-grown crystals in solutions of the inhibitors cytidylyl-2',5'-guanosine (2',5' CpG) and deoxycytidylyl-3',5'-guanosine (3',5'dCpdG) have been determined at 1.5 A resolution and refined by restrained least squares to R = 21.0% for 17,855 reflections, and R = 19.1% for 16,347 reflections, respectively. Binding of the substrate analogs to the protein has taken place in a completely unexpected and previously unreported manner. In each case the guanine base occupies the well characterized B1 pyrimidine binding site adjacent to Thr-45 (described by Richards, F.M., Wyckoff, H.W., Carlson, W.D., Allewell, N.M., Lee, B. and Mitsui, Y. (1971) Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 36, 35-54, and others including Palmer, R.A., Moss, D.S., Haneef, I. and Borkakoti, N. (1984) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 785, 81-88) having entered through a secondary channel external to the active site itself. We designate this reversed non-productive mode as retro-binding. In this mode of binding the SO4(2-) anion bound in the active site of the native protein crystals (Borkakoti, N., Moss, D.S. and Palmer, R.A. (1982) Acta Crystallogr. B38 2210-2217) has not been displaced by the phosphate of the inhibitor molecule as originally anticipated and observed in other studies. Instead the CMP or dCMP moiety of the inhibitor molecule is held loosely in a channel running towards the surface of the protein molecule and is thus completely external to the active site. Consequently, although it has been possible to model them, no attempt has been made to refine either the disordered cytosine in the CpG complex or the deoxycytosine in the dCpdG complex. The traditional B2 purine binding site of RNase (Richards et al., 1971) is unoccupied by the soaked inhibitors. Important changes that have taken place in the protein structure include: stabilization of both Lys-41 and Gln-11 via H-bonding to SO4(2-); stabilization of His-119 in the A conformation (Borkakoti, N., Moss, D.S. and Palmer, R.A. (1982) Acta Crystallogr. B38 2210-2217); and stabilization of SO4(2-) by H-bonds formed with the retro-bound guanine base. Binding of the inhibitors and stabilization of the active site is accompanied by displacement and redistribution of solvent molecules.     

Papers to Appear in Forthcoming Issues

The Human Trifunctional Enzyme ofde NovoPurine Biosynthesis: Heterologous Expression, Purification, and Preliminary Characterization Mark T. Poch, Wen Qin, and Carol A. CaperelliIsolation and Expression of Murine Carbonic Anhydrase IV Jonathan D. Hurt, Chingkuang Tu, and Philip J. LaipisExpression of Rat Histone H1d inEscherichia coliand Its Purification M. M. Srinivas Bharath, J. R. Khadake, and M. R. S. RaoPolyethylene Glycol Conjugation of Recombinant Methioninase for Cancer Therapy Yuying Tan, Xinghua Sun, Mingxu Xu, Zili An, Xuezhong Tan, Xiuying Tan, Qinghong Han, Dusan A. Miljkovic, Meng Yang, and Robert M. HoffmanExpression inEscherichia coliof the Elongation Factor 1β Gene and Its Nucleotide T160C Mutant from the ArchaeonSulfolobus solfataricusGiuseppe Ianniciello, Mariorosario Masullo, Gennaro Raimo, Paolo Arcari, and Vincenzo BocchiniAn Expression System of Rat Calmodulin using T7 Phage Promoter inEscherichia coliNobuhiro Hayashi, Mamoru Matsubara, Akihiko Takasaki, Koiti Titani, and Hisaaki TaniguchiFunctional Expression of Secreted Mouse BST-1 in Yeast Alamgir M. M. Hussain, Hon Cheung Lee, and Chan Fong ChangEffect of Purification Protocol on the Functional Properties of Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 4.1 Ryan F. Workman and Philip S. LowAcidic Peptide-Mediated Expression of the Antimicrobial Peptide Buforin II as Tandem Repeats inEscherichia coliJae H. Lee, Il Minn, Chan B. Park, and Sun C. Kim.     

Book reviews

M embrane F iltration . A pplications , T echniques & P roblems (1981).
T he M olecular B asis of A ntibiotic A ction (1981).
G enetic T echnology . A N ew F rontier (1982). Office of Technology Assessment.
S ource B ook of F ood E nzymology (1981). S. Schwimmer.     

Chromosomal locations of members of a family of novel endogenous human retroviral genomes.

Human cellular DNA contains two distinguishable families of retroviral related sequences. One family shares extensive nucleotide sequence homology with infectious mammalian type C retroviral genomes (T. I. Bonner, C. O'Connell, and M. Cohen, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 79:4709-4713, 1982; M. A. Martin, T. Bryan, S. Rasheed, and A. S. Khan, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 78:4892-4896, 1981). The other family contains major regions of homology with the pol genes of infectious type A and B and avian type C and D retroviral genomes (R. Callahan, W. Drohan, S. Tronick, and J. Schlom, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 79:5503-5507, 1982; I. M. Chiu, R. Callahan, S. R. Tronick, J. Schlom, and S. A. Aaronson, Science 223:364-370, 1984). Analysis of the human recombinant clone HLM-2 has shown that the pol gene in the latter family is located within an endogenous proviral genome (R. Callahan, I. M. Chiu, J. F. H. Wong, S. R. Tronick, B. A. Roe, S. A. Aaronson, and J. Schlom, Science 228:1208-1211, 1985). We show that the proviral genome in HLM-2 and the related recombinant clone HLM-25 are located, respectively, on human chromosomes 1 and 5. Other related proviral genomes are located on chromosomes 7, 8, 11, 14, and 17.     

Book reviews

Book Reviewed in this article: Pesticide Impact on Stream Fauna with Special Reference to Macroinvertebrates R. C. Muirhead-Thomson The World Mining Industry: Investment Strategy and Public Policy. World Industry Studies No. 6 R. F. Mikesell and J. W. Whitney. Australian Arachnology Edited by A. D. Austin and N. W. Heather. Effects of Atmospheric Pollutants on Forests, Wetlands, and Agricultural Ecosystems. NATO ASI Series, Series G. Ecological Sciences, Vol. 16. T. C. Hutchinson, K. M. Meema. Environmental Policies in East and West Edited by G. Enyedi, A. J. Gijswijt and B. Rhode. The Koala — A Natural History Anthony Lee and Roger Martin.     

Secretory protein targeting in a pituitary cell line: differential transport of foreign secretory proteins to distinct secretory pathways

The mouse pituitary cell line, AtT-20, packages the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in secretory vesicles and releases it when the cell is stimulated with secretagogues. These cells have the capacity, after transfection with the appropriate DNA, to package heterologous peptide hormones into the regulated secretory vesicles (Moore, H. P. H., M. D. Walker, F. Lee, and R. B. Kelly, 1983, Cell, 35:531-538). To test if other secreted proteins prefer a different route to the surface, we have transfected AtT-20 cells with DNAs coding for a fragment of a membrane protein, the vesicular stomatitis virus G protein from which the membrane spanning domain has been deleted (Rose, J. K., and J. E. Bergmann, 1982, Cell, 17:813-819). We found that the secreted vesicular stomatitis virus G proteins were not transported to the regulated secretory vesicles. Instead they preferentially exited the cell by the constitutive pathway previously found in these cells (Gumbiner, B., and R. B. Kelly, 1982, Cell, 28:51-59). In contrast, human growth hormone transfected into the cells by the same procedure was transported to the regulated pathway with a similar efficiency as the endogenous hormone ACTH. Transport of the secreted G protein to the regulated pathway, if it occurs at all, is at least 30-fold less efficient than peptide hormones. We conclude that the transport machinery in AtT-20 cells must selectively recognize different secreted proteins and sort them into distinct secretory pathways.     

Book reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
B acterial C ell S tructure (Aspects of Microbiology 6) (1983). H.J. Rogers.
T he E lisa : E nzyme -L inked I mmunosorbent A ssay in V eterinary R esearch and D iagnosis (1982). Edited by R.C Wardley & J.R. Crowther.
G enetic R ecombination : U nderstanding the M echanisms (1982). H.L.K. Whitehouse.
M icrobial C ontrol of P lant P ests & D iseases (Aspects of Microbiology 7) (1983). J.W. Deacon.
M ethods in F ood and D airy M icrobiology (1982)