中国祁连山西段青海云杉树轮密度记录的气候信号

树轮气候学是研究过去气候变化的重要手段之一。以往研究表明,树轮密度是生长季温度的重要代用资料。本文建立了祁连山西段青海云杉132～135年的树轮最大密度年表、树轮最小密度年表、树轮晚材平均密度年表和树轮早材平均密度年表,比较了不同密度年表指示的最优气候信号及其季节组合,评估了其作为气候代用资料的潜力与价值。结果表明:树轮晚材平均密度和树轮早材平均密度对于树木生长季气候信号的响应远低于树轮最大密度和树轮最小密度;树轮早材平均密度和树轮最小密度与帕尔默干旱指数有很强的联系,表明树轮早材平均密度和树轮最小密度有成为干旱代用指标的潜力。     

黑龙江漠河兴安落叶松与樟子松树轮生长特性及其对气候的响应

树木年轮 (简称树轮 ) 气候学是监测与重建全球气候变化的重要方法之一。针叶树树轮的生长能反馈出气温的变化, 在高纬度地带尤为明显。该文分析了生长在我国最北部的兴安落叶松 (Larixgmelinii) 与樟子松 (Pinussylvestrisvar.mongolica) 的树轮密度和宽度的特性。落叶松最大密度、晚材平均密度、早晚材宽度和轮宽都远高于樟子松。樟子松的所有密度变量的样本方差都明显高于兴安落叶松, 宽度变量的样本方差却明显低于兴安落叶松。两树种密度变量的差值年表显著相关, 宽度变量之间没有显著相关关系。落叶松与樟子松的晚材密度的形成受 7、8月的最高温控制。另外, 樟子松的晚材还与生长季节的长短相关。落叶松的年轮宽度对生长季节开始前的温度敏感, 而樟子松的轮宽对气候变量没有很好的响应。结果表明, 落叶松与樟子松的树轮最大密度都与生长季后期的温度显著相关, 两树种的树轮信息对气候变化的重建有很大的潜力。     

柴达木盆地东缘青海云杉树轮细胞结构变化特征及其对气候的指示

基于青海柴达木盆地东缘山地青海云杉生长上限的树轮样本,在获取树轮宽度数据的同时,获取了细胞特征指标,包括细胞个数和细胞大小,建立了树轮早材、晚材、整轮的细胞个数标准年表和细胞大小的最大值、最小值年表,并通过与附近茶卡气象站过去31年（1970—2000年）逐月降水量和温度的相关分析和响应函数分析,从细胞尺度探讨了青海云杉生长与外界气候要素的关系.结果表明：早材细胞个数与冬半年（上年10月至当年3月）温度之间呈正相关关系;晚材细胞个数除了与11月和12月最低温度呈显著正相关外,还与生长季中7月和8月平均温度呈显著相关关系;早、晚材细胞个数同时与7月的降水量呈显著负相关.早材细胞个数与5月的降水量呈正相关关系.对于早材最大细胞大小的年表来说,其变化与2月的降水量变化有很好的一致性,而晚材最小细胞的大小与8月降水量的变化同步.细胞个数和细胞大小不仅记录了树轮宽度所记录的温度变化信息,还额外记录了一定的降水信息,说明不同的树木生长指标能够记录不同的气候信息.利用同一地点同一树种不同类型的树轮指标,能够提取多种气候要素的变化信息,这对将来从同一样点的树轮资料中提取更丰富的气候信息以及发掘树轮气候学的潜力具有一定意义.     

柴达木盆地东缘青海云杉树轮细胞结构变化特征及其对气候的指示

基于青海柴达木盆地东缘山地青海云杉生长上限的树轮样本,在获取树轮宽度数据的同时,获取了细胞特征指标,包括细胞个数和细胞大小,建立了树轮早材、晚材、整轮的细胞个数标准年表和细胞大小的最大值、最小值年表,并通过与附近茶卡气象站过去31年（1970—2000年）逐月降水量和温度的相关分析和响应函数分析,从细胞尺度探讨了青海云杉生长与外界气候要素的关系.结果表明：早材细胞个数与冬半年（上年10月至当年3月）温度之间呈正相关关系;晚材细胞个数除了与11月和12月最低温度呈显著正相关外,还与生长季中7月和8月平均温度呈显著相关关系;早、晚材细胞个数同时与7月的降水量呈显著负相关.早材细胞个数与5月的降水量呈正相关关系.对于早材最大细胞大小的年表来说,其变化与2月的降水量变化有很好的一致性,而晚材最小细胞的大小与8月降水量的变化同步.细胞个数和细胞大小不仅记录了树轮宽度所记录的温度变化信息,还额外记录了一定的降水信息,说明不同的树木生长指标能够记录不同的气候信息.利用同一地点同一树种不同类型的树轮指标,能够提取多种气候要素的变化信息,这对将来从同一样点的树轮资料中提取更丰富的气候信息以及发掘树轮气候学的潜力具有一定意义.     

秦岭东缘龙池曼华山松径向生长对多源数据气候因子的响应

全球变暖影响着树木的结构和功能,反之影响着树木生长对气候变化的响应。秦岭是我国南北方的分界线,同时也是亚热带气候和温带气候的过渡带,作为区域气候变化的敏感地带,已有许多学者在该地区开展树轮气候学研究。基于秦岭东缘伏牛山龙池曼顶部的华山松(Pinus armandii Franch.)树轮宽度建立了不同年表,分析该地区树木生长对嵩县站器测气象数据(SX)和格点气象数据(CHN)的响应。结果表明:(1)树轮差值年表(RES)的统计参数优于标准年表(STD),含有较丰富的环境信息,适于树轮气候学研究;(2)RES年表与SX器测数据和CHN格点数据的相关分析结果都表明,龙池曼顶部华山松径向生长受上一年的气候条件影响较大,且对气温的响应高于降水,与上年7-8月和当年1月的平均气温以及上年5月降水量呈显著负相关,与上年8月的降水呈显著正相关;(3)CHN格点数据能更全面地揭示月平均最高温对华山松径向生长的影响,RES年表对两个数据集当年夏季(7-9月)的降水量都呈负相关,但达到显著负相关的月份有差异;(4)多源气候数据均表明该地区存在暖干化趋势,升温不利于华山松的生长。若未来暖干化持续,秦岭东缘龙池曼地区华山松生长会进一步受限,从而影响该地区的森林植被生产力和固碳潜力。     

吉林老白山鱼鳞云杉树轮蓝光强度和轮宽指数与气候响应关系随海拔变化的对比

树轮数据是晚全新世古气候研究中最重要的代用指标。树轮参数各具优缺点,蓝光强度(BI)是一种获取成本低廉的最大晚材密度(MXD)的光学替代参数,其蓝色光反射率或强度最小值(256-BI)与相应的MXD值高度相关,被很多的学者认为是树轮气候学研究中一个具有重要潜能的新兴参数。该研究以吉林老白山3个海拔(900、1 200和1 500m)的鱼鳞云杉(Picea jezoensis)为例,分析鱼鳞云杉的BI及轮宽指数(RWI)与气候因子的响应差异,以期为BI参数在树轮气候学的进一步应用提供参考。结果表明:不同海拔鱼鳞云杉BI或RWI对气候的响应趋势基本一致。BI与温度主要呈正相关关系,而RWI与温度主要呈负相关关系,其中BI与当年夏季及生长季最高温度显著正相关,而RWI(低、中海拔)与全年平均气温、当年生长季和全年最低温度显著负相关。BI与当年夏季标准化降水蒸散指数(SPEI)显著负相关, RWI与夏季SPEI负相关关系较弱或为正相关; BI和RWI几乎相反的生长-气候关系可能是早、晚材权衡关系的体现。研究区域鱼鳞云杉的BI参数可能与年轮宽度记录不同的气候信号,在空间尺度上对于当年夏季降水、最高温度以及SPEI的响应好于传统宽度指标。BI与主要气候因子相关关系的时间稳定性好于RWI,因此, BI在树轮气候学的研究中具有一定的应用潜能。     

基于黄山松树轮重建华东天目山地区1809—2018年4—7月平均气温

利用浙江北部西天目山高海拔黄山松树轮样品,建立了340年的整轮、早材和晚材宽度年表,根据子样本信号强度大于0.8的标准,确定年表的可靠时段为1810—2019年,通过对年表与气候要素进行相关分析,研究了树轮生长对气候的响应。结果表明: 黄山松径向生长对气温的响应远高于对降水的响应。综合考虑原始序列和一阶差序列相关分析结果,发现早材宽度与上年生长季前期平均气温、平均最高气温显著相关,晚材宽度与上年5月和当年9月平均气温、平均最高气温显著相关。整轮响应时段与早材较为一致,但相关性较低。最优相关组合为早材宽度与上年4—7月平均气温。基于这一关系,重建了华东天目山地区1809—2018年4—7月平均气温,方差解释量达61.5%,原始序列和一阶差序列均通过分段检验。重建气温序列中的偏冷时段为1834—1964年,偏暖时段为1809—1833和1965—2018年。20世纪60年代以来,气温进入快速上升阶段,从低频趋势上看,20世纪80年代之后气温达到过去210年来的最高水平。空间相关分析表明,重建序列较好地代表了华东地区气温的变化情况,与华东地区的区域重建序列对比也具有较好的一致性。黄山松在华东地区古气候重建方面具有较大潜力。     

吉林老白山鱼鳞云杉树轮蓝光强度和轮宽指数与气候响应关系随海拔变化的对比

树轮数据是晚全新世古气候研究中最重要的代用指标。树轮参数各具优缺点, 蓝光强度(BI)是一种获取成本低廉的最大晚材密度(MXD)的光学替代参数, 其蓝色光反射率或强度最小值(256-BI)与相应的MXD值高度相关, 被很多的学者认为是树轮气候学研究中一个具有重要潜能的新兴参数。该研究以吉林老白山3个海拔(900、1 200和1 500 m)的鱼鳞云杉(Picea jezoensis)为例, 分析鱼鳞云杉的BI及轮宽指数(RWI)与气候因子的响应差异, 以期为BI参数在树轮气候学的进一步应用提供参考。结果表明: 不同海拔鱼鳞云杉BI或RWI对气候的响应趋势基本一致。BI与温度主要呈正相关关系, 而RWI与温度主要呈负相关关系, 其中BI与当年夏季及生长季最高温度显著正相关, 而RWI (低、中海拔)与全年平均气温、当年生长季和全年最低温度显著负相关。BI与当年夏季标准化降水蒸散指数(SPEI)显著负相关, RWI与夏季SPEI负相关关系较弱或为正相关; BI和RWI几乎相反的生长-气候关系可能是早、晚材权衡关系的体现。研究区域鱼鳞云杉的BI参数可能与年轮宽度记录不同的气候信号, 在空间尺度上对于当年夏季降水、最高温度以及SPEI的响应好于传统宽度指标。BI与主要气候因子相关关系的时间稳定性好于RWI, 因此, BI在树轮气候学的研究中具有一定的应用潜能。     

罗霄山南部4个针叶树种生长特征及其气候响应对比分析

为了解影响罗霄山南部树木径向生长的主要气候要素, 该研究运用树木年轮气候学研究方法, 建立罗霄山南部4个针叶树种的树轮宽度标准化年表, 阐明影响该区域4个针叶树种径向生长的主要气候要素, 研究各树种在气温突变前后的径向生长特征及其对气候要素响应的异同。结果表明: 年表特征参数显示, 福建柏(Fokienia hodginsii)与其他树种相比, 其树轮宽度年表所包含的气候信息可能较少。与气候要素的相关分析显示, 铁杉(Tsuga chinensis)的径向生长同时受气温和降水的影响: 与上年10月的降水量呈显著正相关关系, 与气温的响应总体上呈负相关关系; 资源冷杉(Abies beshanzuensis var. ziyuanensis)仅与上年8月的降水量呈显著正相关关系; 马尾松(Pinus massoniana)与上年3月和当年1月的最高气温呈显著正相关关系, 与上年7月和当年8月的最低气温呈显著负相关关系; 福建柏仅与当年3月的降水量呈显著正相关关系。气温发生突变后, 4个树种树轮宽度指数的变化趋势相同, 均呈下降趋势, 除资源冷杉外, 各个树种的径向生长对气候要素的响应总体上有所增强, 且升温后产生的干旱胁迫抑制了各树种的生长。     

河北木兰围场油松年轮生态学的初步研究

运用树木年轮气候学方法,研究了河北木兰围场油松的生长与气候要素之间的关系.结果表明：油松生长对环境变化十分敏感,以早材最为敏感.5、6月气温与油松生长存在显著的负相关关系;6月的降水和相对湿度对油松早材的生长有促进作用, 上年9月到翌年9月的降水对油松生长有更强的促进作用;12月到翌年3月的相对湿度对油松晚材生长的促进作用较干旱和全轮显著;油松的生长与大尺度气候波动存在一定的相关性.1951—2006年间,围场地区增温明显.随气温的升高,油松生长对温度和降水的敏感性下降,且有向相反方向转变的趋势.百年尺度上5—6月平均气温的重建值与观测值差异较大,说明当地油松的宽度生长对气候因子变化的敏感性波动较大.     

Dendrochronological potential of the Azorean endemic gymnosperm Juniperus brevifolia (Seub.) Antoine

Tree-ring inter-annual pattern variation is crucial in dendrochronology, allowing the identification of possible limiting factors on growth. Thus, trees exposed to subtropical or tropical climates without a marked seasonality may show a low degree of interannual variation, impeding a straightforward dendroclimatological approach. Meanwhile, subtropical regions, and areas in transitional climates such as the Azores archipelago, are widely unexplored in terms of dendroclimatology, providing opportunities to work with endemic trees, including the dominant Azorean tree Juniperus brevifolia (Seub.) Antoine. To evaluate the dendrochronological potential of J. brevifolia, we analyzed tree-ring patterns, crossdating capabilities, and correlation with climate parameters. We sampled 48 individual trees from two natural populations (São Miguel and Terceira islands) using an increment borer. Besides, a Trephor tool was used to obtain wood microcores for micro-anatomical analysis. Although the transition between early and latewood was evident, partially indistinct ring boundaries and wedging rings were present in some cases, affecting the crossdating process, but not impeding the establishment of reliable ring-width chronologies. Following detrending, master chronologies were built and correlated with monthly temperature and precipitation data using the treeclim R package. The climate-growth relationships indicated negative correlations with late summer temperature in both populations. Considering our results and the importance of J. brevifolia as a dominant tree in the Azores natural forests, we conclude that it shows an acceptable potential for dendrochronological research. Thus, this study provides baseline information to help fill the knowledge gap regarding the climate-growth relationship of Azorean trees.     

13CO2 pulse-labelling of photoassimilates reveals carbon allocation within and between tree rings

Post-photosynthetic fractionation processes during translocation, storage and remobilization of photoassimilate are closely related to intra-annual sigma13C of tree rings, and understanding how these processes affect tree-ring sigma13C is therefore indispensable for improving the quality of climate reconstruction. Our first objective was to study the relationship between translocation path and phloem grain. We pulse-labelled a branch of Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Rupr. and later analysed the sigma13C distribution in the stem. A 13C spiral translocation path closely related to the spiral grain was observed. Our second objective was to study the use of remobilized storage material for earlywood formation in spring, which is a suspected cause of the autocorrelation (correlation of ring parameters to the climate in the previous year) observed in (isotope) dendroclimatology. We pulse-labelled whole trees to study how spring, summer and autumn photoassimilate is later used for both earlywood and latewood formation. Analysis of intra-annual sigma13C of the tree rings formed after the labelling revealed that earlywood contained photoassimilate from the previous summer and autumn as well as from the current spring. Latewood was mainly composed of photoassimilate from the current year's summer/autumn, although it also relied on stored material in some cases. These results emphasize the need for separating earlywood and latewood for climate reconstruction work with narrow boreal tree rings.     

Effect of climate on tree growth in the Pampa biome of Southeastern South America: First tree-ring chronologies from Uruguay

Tree-ring research in the highland tropics and subtropics represents a major frontier for understanding climate-growth relationships. Nonetheless, there are many lowland regions – including the South American Pampa biome – with scarce tree ring data. We present the first two tree-ring chronologies for Scutia buxifolia in subtropical Southeastern South America (SESA), using 54 series from 29 trees in two sites in northern and southern Uruguay. We cross-dated annual rings and compared tree growth from 1950 to 2012 with regional climate variability, including rainfall, temperature and the Palmer Drought Severity Index – PDSI, the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM). Overall, ring width variability was highly responsive to climate signals linked to water availability. For example, tree growth was positively correlated with accumulated rainfall in the summer-fall prior to ring formation for both chronologies. Summer climate conditions were key for tree growth, as shown by a negative effect of hot summer temperatures and a positive correlation with PDSI in late austral summer. The El Niño phase in late spring/early summer favored an increase in rainfall and annual tree growth, while the La Niña phase was associated with less rainfall and reduced tree growth. Extratropical climate factors such as SAM had an equally relevant effect on tree growth, whereby the positive phase of SAM had a negative effect over radial growth. These findings demonstrate the potential for dendroclimatic research and climate reconstruction in a region with scarce tree-ring data. They also improve the understanding of how climate variability may affect woody growth in native forests – an extremely limited ecosystem in the Pampa biome.     

Microdensitometric records from humid subtropical China show distinct climate signals in earlywood and latewood

Blue intensity (BI) from tree rings is a technique that has been widely explored for temperature reconstruction purposes in middle and high latitudes. However, it is still rather untested at lower latitudes and in drier climates, particularly in subtropical areas. Here, we develop the first series of BI-based tree-ring parameters (earlywood BI, EWBI; latewood BI, LWBI and ΔBI, the difference between LWBI and EWBI) in humid subtropical China from the species Pinus massiniana. Although the BI parameters have weaker inter-series correlations than do ring widths, they are generally better correlated with climate parameters. Our study shows a positive temperature response in the EWBI parameter and negative responses in the LWBI and ΔBI parameters. Interestingly, the correlation pattern is almost the opposite of that observed at high latitudes, where there is a pronounced positive sensitivity of the LWBI/ΔBI/MXBI parameters to temperature.We find the EWBI to be the most robust parameter for reconstruction purposes. The positive March–May average temperature signal of EWBI is stable across frequencies and shows consistent interdecadal variations with other temperature proxy series from the region. The compilation of new tree-ring records using the BI technique will ultimately support our understanding of climate history. For this reason, we encourage similar attempts to push the boundaries of the BI technique even further.     

Influence of climate on multiple tree-ring parameters of Pinus kesiya from Manipur,Northeast India

Tree-rings of Pinus kesiya from southern region of Manipur, Northeast India were used to develop chronologies of multiple tree-ring parameters that are: total-ring width (TRW), earlywood width (EW), latewood width (LW) and adjusted latewood (LWadj). The time span of these chronologies is 39 years (1980–2018 C.E.) and we compared their growth responses with monthly and daily climatic records. The comparison revealed a broadly consistent pattern of climate sensitivity with daily climate exhibiting higher correlation. The climate signals during pre-monsoon (March–May) were recorded in TRW and EW, whereas late-monsoon to post-monsoon climate signals were recorded in LW and LWadj. The spatial correlation analysis of tree-ring parameters and global sea surface temperature (SST) showed a positive relationship between tree growth with tropical Pacific Ocean and Indian Ocean during winter (December–February) and pre-monsoon (March–May) seasons. The LW and LWadj were also correlated with peak summer monsoon (July–August) SST over the tropical Pacific Ocean. IADFs observed in EW (E-IADF) were caused by dry and warm conditions during March–April. IADFs in LW (L-IADF) occurred due to a combination of enhanced rainfall and temperature during post-monsoon (October–November) season. Evidence of stand-specific micro-climatic conditions in the formation IADFs in this species was also found. This study showed that multiple parameters of P. kesiya provides a lucid understanding of climate response on its growth and can be considered as a proxy for studying sub-seasonal changes in past environmental conditions in longer records.     

Separating the climatic signal from tree-ring width and maximum latewood density records

We propose a technique for separating the climatic signal which is contained in two tree-ring parameters widely used in dendroclimatology. The method is based on the removal of the relationship between tree-ring width (TRW) and maximum latewood density (MXD) observed for narrow tree rings from high latitudes. The new technique is tested on data from three larch stands located along the northern timberline in Eurasia. Correlations were calculated between the temperatures of pentads (five consecutive days), TRW chronologies and MXD chronologies calculated according to the standard and proposed methods. The analysis confirms the great importance of summer temperature for tree radial growth and tree-ring formation. TRW is positively correlated with the temperature of four to eight pentads (depending on the region) at the beginning of the growth season, but MXD as obtained by the standard technique is correlated with temperature over a much longer period. For maximum density series from which the relationship between MXD and TRW has been removed (MXD′), there is a clear correlation with temperatures in the second part of the growing season. These results are consistent with the known dynamics of tree-ring growth in high latitudes and mechanisms of tree-ring formation.     

Individual and time-varying tree-ring growth to climate sensitivity of Pinus tabuliformis Carr. and Sabina przewalskii Kom. in the eastern Qilian Mountains, China

Individual tree-ring width chronologies and mean chronologies from Pinus tabuliformis Carr. (Chinese pine) and Sabina przewalskii Kom. (Qilian juniper) tree cores were collected and analyzed from two sites in the eastern Qilian Mountains of China. The chronologies were used to analyze individual and time-varying tree-ring growth to climate sensitivity with monthly mean air temperature and total precipitation data for the period 1958–2008. Climate–growth relationships were assessed with correlation functions and their stationarity and consistency over time were measured using moving correlation analysis. Individuals’ growth–climate correlations suggested increased percentages of individuals are correlated with certain variables (e.g., current June temperature at the P. tabuliformis site; previous June, December and current May temperature and May precipitation at the S. przewalskii site). These same climatic variables also correspond to the mean chronology correlations. A decreased percentage of individuals correlated with these climatic variables indicates a reduced sensitivity of the mean chronology. Moving correlation analysis indicated a significant change over time in the sensitivity of trees to climatic variability. Our results suggested: (1) that individual tree analysis might be a worthwhile tool to improve the quality and reliability of the climate signal from tree-ring series for dendroclimatology research; and (2) time-dependent fluctuations of climate growth relationships should be taken into account when assessing the quality and reliability of reconstructed climate signals.     

Anatomical characteristics of xylem in tree rings and its relationship with environments

The anatomical traits of xylem are the characteristics of tree rings at the cellular and subcellular scales, and are often reflection of environmental signals. Studying the relationships between anatomical traits of xylem and environmental change not only provide physiological explanations to the statistics in dendroclimatology, but can also provide a new vision for studying the adaptation process and response strategies of tree growth to climate change. In this paper, with the relationships between the anatomical characteristics of xylem in tree-rings (cell chronology) and climate change as a main thread, we first outline the basic principles and mechanisms of wood anatomical features to record environmental signals, and expounded the basic methods involved in the process of xylem anatomy. Secondly, we discuss the relationship between the anatomical features of xylem and climate factors. We then propose the following as possible directions of future research based on the existing knowledge gap in the topical area: (1) to explore the temporal and spatial variations in the anatomical characteristics of xylem in tree-rings along radial and tangential directions and the relationships with environmental changes; (2) to explore the threshold of tree growth response to environmental plasticity and adaptation processes; (3) to assess the synergistic and antagonistic effects as well as the formation mechanisms of climate response among different tree-ring proxies, and to determine the specific roles and contributions of major climatic factors during different periods of tree-ring formation.     

Anatomical characteristics of xylem in tree rings and its relationship with environments北大核心CSCD

The anatomical traits of xylem are the characteristics of tree rings at the cellular and subcellular scales, and are often reflection of environmental signals. Studying the relationships between anatomical traits of xylem and environmental change not only provide physiological explanations to the statistics in dendroclimatology, but can also provide a new vision for studying the adaptation process and response strategies of tree growth to climate change. In this paper, with the relationships between the anatomical characteristics of xylem in tree-rings (cell chronology) and climate change as a main thread, we first outline the basic principles and mechanisms of wood anatomical features to record environmental signals, and expounded the basic methods involved in the process of xylem anatomy. Secondly, we discuss the relationship between the anatomical features of xylem and climate factors. We then propose the following as possible directions of future research based on the existing knowledge gap in the topical area: (1) to explore the temporal and spatial variations in the anatomical characteristics of xylem in tree-rings along radial and tangential directions and the relationships with environmental changes; (2) to explore the threshold of tree growth response to environmental plasticity and adaptation processes; (3) to assess the synergistic and antagonistic effects as well as the formation mechanisms of climate response among different tree-ring proxies, and to determine the specific roles and contributions of major climatic factors during different periods of tree-ring formation.     

Video tutorial: Measuring blue intensity with the CooRecorder software application

Blue intensity (BI) techniques offer a cost-effective, tree ring parameters that are representative of densiometric ring growth and are increasingly being integrated in the various fields of dendrochronology. Particularly, the refinement and application of latewood blue intensity (LWB) is particularly popular within the field of dendroclimatology. In an effort to broaden accessibility of BI methods and to provide teaching and training material for dendrochronologists aiming to use BI methods, we present a brief overview of how to obtain LWB data from tree rings using the CooRecorder (Cybis Elektronik & Data AB) software application. The video tutorial (closed-captioned in English) can be found here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0kysVZuvf6Q and via Mendeley Data: doi: 10.17632/83xt6hr9jp.1