SRAP分子标记分析西瓜遗传多态性

目的:探讨西瓜遗传多样性和遗传基础。方法:采用SRAP分子标记对西瓜品种D1、D2、D3、H1、H2、H3、M1、M2、M3、m1、m2、m3的多态性进行了分析。结果:每对引物组合产生13~25对比较清晰的扩增带.8对引物组合共产生131条扩增带。平均每对引物组合产生16.375条。8对引物组合共产生多态性带37条,每对引物组合产生3~7条,平均4.625条。每对引物组合产生的多态性带的比例为16.666%~38.464%,平均为28.675%。另外,对银染过程进行了优化。结论:SRAP标记多态性还是较高的,可以适于分析西瓜等遗传差异小的作物。     

SRAP标记及其在植物遗传育种中的应用

SRAP标记是基于选择性扩增开放性阅读框的新型分子标记,具有简便、高效、重复性好、高共显性等优点,在植物育种中已经得到广泛应用.本文介绍了SRAP标记基本原理和特点,对SRAP标记在遗传多样性研究、遗传连锁图谱构建、比较基因组以及分子标记辅助选择育种等方面的应用进行了综述.     

番茄耐低温相关基因的SRAP标记筛选

以番茄耐低温和不耐低温基因组DNA为材料进行SRAP分析,共筛选了225对SRAP引物,其中27对引物在两池之间表现差异,经测序只有Me2Em5扩增出与番茄耐低温相关的差异性片段,大小约为273bp,该片段仅在耐低温植株中稳定扩增。经Blast分析比对,该片段与已报道的PEG和低温诱导后在沙冬青幼苗中表达基因的cDNA片段同源。根据差异片段序列设计特异引物,将M2E5—273标记成功转化为更稳定的SCAR标记。     

北极狐SRAP分子标记的多态性初步研究

相关序列多态性（SRAP）是近年来发展起来的一种新型分子标记技术,具有稳定、简便、中等产率、高共显性等优点。实验利用北极狐的基因组为模版,首次把SRAP方法引入到哺乳动物中进行分析,对北极狐SRAP反应条件进行了优化,确立了北极狐SRAP-PCR的反应条件是：94℃预变性5min,94℃1min,350C1min,72℃2min,5个循环;940C变性1min,94℃1min,55℃1min（根据不同的引物设定）,72℃1min,35个循环,72℃延伸10min,最后产物用6％的非变性的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶分离,得到的结果清晰、稳定、多态性高,条带可以用在后续对北极狐的遗传多样的分析和品种鉴定上。     

SRAP标记在植物遗传多样性中的应用进展

该文综述了SRAP标记在植物种类遗传多样性国内近几年的应用进展,以便为今后的研究提供相应的理论依据.同时,并讨论了一些SRAP标记在植物种类遗传多样性应用中尚存在的问题.     

SRAP分子标记在园林植物遗传育种中的应用

相关序列扩增多态性(sequence-related amplified polymorphism,SRAP)分子标记作为一种新型的分子标记技术,以其多态性高、稳定性高、重复性好、操作简便、效率高及成本低等优点,已经在园林植物中广泛应用.简单介绍SRAP标记的原理和特点,综述其目前在遗传多样性评析、亲缘关系分析、遗传图谱构建、种质资源鉴定及基因克隆与基因定位等方面的研究进展,并对该标记在园林植物的遗传育种的应用前景进行了展望.     

五味子果色相关的SRAP标记鉴定

[目的]寻找与五味子果实颜色相关的分子标记为辅助育种提供技术支持。[方法]利用SRAP技术对五味子不同果实颜色(白果、黄果与红果)的DNA多态性进行分析。[结果]共筛选引物对120个组合,获得2个与果实颜色基因有关的特异条带ME1-EM15-129bp、ME3-EM12-420bp,其中ME3-EM12-420bp成功转化成SCAR标记。[结论]2个标记可对五味子不同果实颜色进行分子鉴定,结果稳定可重复性高。     

SRAP在检测黄瓜基因组多态性中的特征

将SRAP (Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism)应用于黄瓜(Cucumis sativus L.)遗传图谱和耐高温QTL的定位过程中, 发现SRAP在检测黄瓜亲本基因组多态性中呈现出一些特征。对于每个正向引物, 在与12个不同的反向引物组合时, 产生多态性条带的引物组合数均在5~8个之间; 而对于每个反向引物, 在与11个不同的正向引物组合时, 产生多态性的引物组合数则在2~11个之间, 差异较大。反向引物SA4或EM6与研究的所有正向引物组合时产生的多态性条带分子量完全相同, 这些条带可能是由反向单引物扩增而来的。引物组合OD3ME11扩增出的多态性条带存在共分离现象。同时对利用SRAP的这些特征指导我们的研究进行了讨论。     

植物表达序列标签(EST)标记及其应用研究进展

简要介绍了植物表达序列标签(EST)标记的研究现状,并对几种植物中利用EST建立分子标记的几种策略和EST标记在绘制遗传图谱、资源分析、品种鉴定及比较基因组学研究方面的应用等进行了综合评述。     

Molecular Characterization of Tree Peony Germplasm Using Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism Markers

This study examined 63 tree peony specimens, consisting of 3 wild species and 63 cultivars, using sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers for the purpose of detecting genomic polymorphisms. Bulk DNA samples from each specimen were evaluated with 23 SRAP primer pairs. Among the 296 different amplicons, 262 were polymorphic. The maximum parsimony, neighbor-joining, and unweighted pair-group method using arithmetic average trees were largely in congruence. In the three trees, the wild species Paeonia ludlowii and P. delavayi formed separate clusters with strong bootstrap support, and P. ostii was closely related to all cultivars. The cultivars were divided into groups with various corresponding bootstrap values. The genetic similarity among the genotypes ranged from 0.02 to 0.73. These results demonstrate that SRAP markers are effective in detecting genomic polymorphisms in the tree peony and should be useful for linkage map construction and molecular marker assisted selection breeding. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

Molecular identification and biological control of Ralstonia solanacearum from wilt of papaya by natural compounds and Bacillus subtilis: An integrated experimental and computational study

Ralstonia solanacearum is a harmful pathogen that causes severe wilt disease in several vegetables. In the present study, we identified R. solanacearum from wilt of papaya by 16S rRNA PCR amplification. Virulence ability of R. solanacearum was determined by amplification of approximately 1500 bp clear band of hrpB gene. Further, in-vitro seed germination assay showed that R. solanacearum reduced the germination rate up to 26.21%, 34% and 33.63% of cucumber, bottle guard and pumpkin seeds, respectively whereas shoot and root growth were also significantly decreased. Moreover, growth inhibition of R. solanacearum was recorded using antibacterial compound from medicinal plant and antagonistic B. subtilis. Petroleum ether root extract of Rauvolfia serpentina showed highest 22 ± 0.04 mm diameter of zone of inhibition where methanolic extract of Cymbopogon citratus and ethanolic extract of Lantana camara exhibited 20 ± 0.06 mm and 20 ± 0.01 mm zone of inhibition against R. solanacearum, respectively. In addition, bioactive compounds of B. subtilis inhibited R. solanacearum growth by generating 17 ± 0.09 mm zone of inhibition. To unveil the inhibition mechanism, we adopted chemical-protein interaction network and molecular docking approaches where we found that, rutin from C. citratus interacts with citrate (Si)-synthase and dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase of R. solanacearum with binding affinity of −9.7 kcal/mol and −9.5 kcal/mol while quercetin from B. subtillis interacts with the essential protein F0F1 ATP synthase subunit alpha of the R. solancearum with binding affinity of −6.9 kcal/mol and inhibit the growth of R. solanacearum. Our study will give shed light on the development of eco-friendly biological control of wilt disease of papaya.     

甘薯品种的SRAP遗传多样性分析

利用分子标记SRAP技术,对36个甘薯品种进行了DNA多态性分析。选取6对引物扩增甘薯基因组DNA,共获得112条带,其中110条为多态性条带,平均每对引物提供18个标记信息。由UPMGA方法得到的聚类分析结果表明了36个品种间的遗传关系。相似系数在0.62~0.92之间,品种间有较高的遗传相似性;在聚类树中,亚洲品种和美洲品种之间没有明显的遗传分化,表明甘薯品种间没有明显的地理差异;近缘野生种与育成品种聚在一起,没有明显的遗传分化,这意味着它们之间有较高的遗传相似度;中国育成品种聚在一起,表明它们之间的遗传相似度很高。     

麂属动物陈旧皮张标本的DNA提取及PCR扩增

本实验用改进的方法从保存于标本馆的动物皮张标本中提取ＤＮＡ,所得ＤＮＡ片段的分子量从１００ｂｐ到１ｋｂ以上。利用线粒体ＤＮＡ细胞色素ｂ通用引物和ＰＣＲ技术,从小麂、印度麂、贡山麂、费氏麂、黑麂ＤＮＡ中扩增出３０７ｂｐ的细胞色素ｂ特异片段。用２８种限制性内切酶对从新鲜血样和从陈旧皮张标本中所得扩增片段进行酶切分析,发现只有４个酶在这个片段上有切点,其中ＨａｅⅢ和ＨａｐⅡ的识别位点在各种麂中有所不同。     

棉花遗传多样性SCoT和SRAP标记的研究及比较分析

利用SCoT和SRAP两种分子标记技术对30份彩色棉与白色棉种质资源,进行遗传多样性研究。用29对SRAP引物组合和26个SCoT引物分别对供试棉花的基因组DNA进行扩增。SCoT引物共扩增出163条带,多态性比率为61.96%,遗传相似系数GS值变化范围为0.5405～0.9972。SRAP引物组合共扩增条带1067条,多态性比率仅为14.1%,遗传相似系数GS值变化范围为0.5415～0.9109。两种标记系统得到了相似但并不完全相同的聚类图,2种标记方法间存在显著相关性(r=0.5518,P<0.05)。结果表明,SRAP与SCoT标记均适用于棉花种质的遗传多样性分析,且SCoT的标记指数MI高于SRAP标记,为SCoT这种新兴的标记技术在棉花育种中的应用提供了重要的依据。     

Hierarchal gene trees and molecular phylogeny of the Rotifera: use of the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to dissect ecological and evolutionary patterns

The study of rotifer phylogenies and the analysis of population-level processes historically have been disjunct. This is despite a growing recognition that there are many ways in which rotifer population biologists and ecologists might profit from the availability of a comprehensive phylogeny of the group. New molecular methods which can be applied to a wide range of genetic systems and systematic grades will shortly eliminate the methodological (and perhaps conceptual) distinction between these fields. Of particular importance is the development of the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), a technique of synthetic DNA amplification which produces concentrated preparations of selected genes from complex mixtures of nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. Analysis of PCR products can provide hierarchal genetic comparisons from the level of local rotifer populations through broad evolutionary (at least molecular) phylogenies.     

Molecular Diversity of Auricularia polytricha Revealed by Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat and Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism Markers

Due to unsatisfying attempts to fingerprint Auricularia polytricha, two different molecular maker systems—Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) and Sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP)—were established and tested to quantify molecular diversity among 19 strains of this fungus. A total of 202 (99.0%) and 459 (95.9%) polymorphic bands were detected by 13 ISSR primers and 14 SRAP primer combinations, respectively. By parsimony method, a phylogenetic tree was constructed based on each analysis; the two trees show that 19 A. polytricha strains were distributed into five or four groups. These results demonstrated that both methods were suitable for discriminating among strains of A. polytricha, and the novel SRAP markers are more efficient and preferable. The result also indicated the high level of genetic diversity of A. polytricha and their relationship between each other. These findings would benefit future research in A. polytricha, especially in breeding and medicine development. It also gives a useful method for fingerprinting of other fungi.     

Babesia Canis Canis, Babesia Canis Vogeli, Babesia Canis Rossi: Differentiation of the Three Subspecies By A Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis On Amplified Small Subunit Ribosomal Rna Genes

The parasites Babesia canis and Babesia gibsoni (phylum Apicomplexa) are responsible for canine babesiosis throughout the world. Babesia canis was previously described as a group of three biologically different subspecies, namely B. canis canis, B. canis vogeli, and B. canis rossi. We report partial sequences of small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (ssu-rDNA) of each subspecies amplified in vitro with primers derived from a semi-conserved region of the ssu-rDNA genes in other Babesia species. The polymerase chain reaction combined with a restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, using HinfI and TaqI restriction enzymes, confirmed the separation of B. canis into three subspecies. These sequences were compared with previously published sequences of other Babesia species. A phylogenetic approach showed that the three subspecies of B. canis belong to the clade of Babesia species sensu stricto where B. canis canis clusters with B. canis rossi whereas B. canis vogeli might form a monophyletic group with the cluster B. divergens and B. odocoilei. Our results show that the three subspecies of B. canis can readily be differentiated at the molecular level and suggest that they might be considered as true species.     

草莓DNA分子标记及其应用

综述了限制性长度多态性(RFLP)、随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)、扩增片段长度多态性(AFLP)、简单重复序列(SSR)等不同类型分子标记在草莓指纹图谱构建、品种鉴别、遗传多样性、进化、遗传作图以及相关性状的标记等方面的应用,分析了草莓分子标记研究中的关键问题,提出了今后研究方向。     

SSR - PCR反应体系建立与优化的研究概述

SSR标记是基于PCR基础上的一种分子标记,其扩增效果直接影响到SSR分析,近年来从不同方面对SSR - PCR反应体系的建立与优化进行了大量的研究.该文简要介绍SSR - PCR扩增反应体系建立的方法,综述SSR - PCR扩增反应的应用及其近展,并对存在的问题进行探讨,对今后的发展进行展望,以期为从事该方面的研究奠定基础.