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1.
便携多路环境数据采集系统   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
便携多路环境数据采集系统姜仕仁,常杰,葛滢(杭州大学生物科学与技术系,310012)APortableMulti-PassageEnvironmentalDataAuto-SamplingSystem.¥JiangShiren;ChangJie;Ge...  相似文献   

2.
宁南山区灌溉农业立体复合种植生态系统生产力的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
宁南山区灌溉农业立体复合种植生态系统生产力的研究杜守宇田恩平,王占山(宁夏农业技术推广总站,银川750001)(固原县农业技术推广中心,756000)StudyonProductivityofIrrigatedStereoscopicMultiple-CroppingEcosystemsinMountainousAreaofSouthernNingxia¥DuShouyu(CelleralStationofAgriculturalTechniqueExtensionofNingxia,Yinchuan750001),TianEnping,WangZhanshan(AgriculturalTechniqueExtensionCenterofCuyuancounty,756000).ChineseJournalofEcology,1993.12(6):11-16.ThevariouscroppingecosystemsareassessedcomprehensivelyforbenefitbytheanalysisofHierarchicalprocedureandtheexpectedbeneficialva  相似文献   

3.
小麦秸秆的生化他感效应   总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14  
小麦秸秆的生化他感效应马永清,毛仁钊,刘孟雨,刘小京,张玉铭(中国科学院石家庄农业现代化研究所,050021)AllelopathicEffectsofWheatStraw¥MaYongqing;MaoRenzhao;LiuMenyu;LiuXiaojing(ShijiazhuangInstituteofAgriculturalModernization,AcademiaSinica,050021).ChineseJournalofEcology,1993,12(5);36-38。Theworld-wideresearchesonallelopathiceffectsofwheatstrawaresummarizedandthecurrentsitua-tiononisolationandidentificationofallelochemicalsfromitispresented.whichwillgiveaguidanceinourtheoreticalstudyandproductivepractice。Keywords:Allelopathy,allelochemicals,wheatstraw。  相似文献   

4.
达乌尔黄鼠染色体银染核仁组织者分析   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
达乌尔黄鼠染色体银染核仁组织者分析ANALYSISONCHROMOSOMESAg-NORSOFCITELLUSDAURICUSKeywordsCilellusdauricus;Chromosome;Ag-NOR达乌尔黄鼠(cilellusdauric...  相似文献   

5.
中国中亚热带地区引种玉米的气候生态适宜性分析翟玉顺,章熙谷(中国科学院南京土壤研究所生态室,210008)(南京农业大学农学系,210014)Eco-climaticSuitabilityofIntroducedCorninMidSub-tropicalRegionofCbina¥.ZhaiYushun(InstituteofSoilScience,AcademiaSinicaNanjing,210008),ZhangXigu(NanjingAgriculturalUniversity,Nan-jing,210014).ChineseJournalofEcology,1993.12(2):73-75.Throughanalyzingtheecologicalsuitabilityofintroducedcorntosunshine-temperature-precipitationanditsclimaticpotentialproductivityinmidsub-tropicalregionofChina,itisfoundthatAprilandthefirstandsecondten-daysofM  相似文献   

6.
内蒙古白音敖包自然保护区沙地云杉林的基本特征、存在问题与解决途径徐文铎(中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,110015)BasicCharacteristics,ExistingProblemsandTheirSolutlonsforSpruceForestonSandlandofBaiyi-naobaoNaturalReserve,InneerMongolia¥XuWenduo(InstituteofAppliedEcology,AcademiaSinica,Shenyang1100l5)(ChineseJournalofEcology,1993,12(5):39-44.Spruceforestonsandlandisaspecialtypeofterrestrialforestecosystem,whichonlyexistsattheedgeoftheXiaotengelideserthInnerMongolia,Mongoliafloraisthedominantspeciesintheforest,whichalsoincludesXinganandNorthChinaflora,Thecomposi  相似文献   

7.
番茄系统感染TMV(tobaccomosaicvirus)诱导叶β-N-乙酰氨基已糖苷酶活性升高。番茄叶胞外提取液经冰冻干燥浓缩,-20℃丙酮沉淀、CM-SephadecC-25离子交的层析,PBE94(PolybufferExchanger94,Sigma)聚焦层析和SEPHADEXg-150凝胶层析纯化,获得纯化的β-N-乙酰氨基乙糖苷酶。凝胶层析测得该酶的分子量为145kD,SDS-PAGE  相似文献   

8.
集约高产过程中土壤有机质动态初探   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
集约高产过程中土壤有机质动态初探崔玉亭,韩纯儒(北京农业大学,100094)DynamicsofSoilOrganicMatter(SOM)intheProcessofAgriculturalIntensification¥.CuiYuting;HanChunru(BeijingAgriculturalUniversity,100094).ChineseJournalofEcology,1993,12(2):37—38.Inthispaper,thebalanceofsoilorganicmatter(SOM)intheprocessofagriculturalintensificationinChangzhouregionisstudiedandamedium-andlong-termpredictionofitsdynamicsismade。There-sultsshowthatduringthisprocess,thebalanceofSOMisgettingbetter,andafteramediumorlongpe-riod(e.g,10—20yeats),theSOMcontentcangett  相似文献   

9.
TWONEWSPECIESFROMTRICHOSANTHES(CUCURBITACEAE)YuehChun-hsiHuangLu-qiChengChing-yung〔ABTRACT〕TrichosanthesreferactaYuehetL.Q.H...  相似文献   

10.
最大概率原理在农田生态系统中的应用   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
最大概率原理在农田生态系统中的应用姚建民(山西省农科院农业资源综合考察研究所,太原030006)马蓉丽(山西省农科院蔬菜研究所,太原030006)ApplicationofMaximumProbabilityPrincipleinFarmlandEcosystem¥.YaoJianmin(InsliluteforCom-prehensiveSurveyofAgriculturalResources,ShanxiAcademyofAgriculturalSciences,Taiyuan030006),MaRongli(InslituteofVegetableResearcgh,ShanxiAcademyofagriculturalSciences,Taiyuan(030006).Chinese,JpurnalofEcology,1993,12(4):58-60.Inordertostrengthenthepracticabilityofmaximumprobabilityprinciple,thispapergivesoutsomees-sentialconditionsneededforapplyingth  相似文献   

11.
过去10年间珠三角地区城市森林建设成效显著,但仍存在着森林网络体系不健全、森林覆盖率低、“绿积量”低以及林种树种结构不合理等问题。从建设生态化城市和建立珠江三角洲城市林业生态圈的高度来确立珠江三角洲城市森林建设的发展思路,体现创新性变革,立足区域整体,构建全区域的城市森林网络系统进行了探讨。建议规划和构建连接区域内各主要城市的贯通性森林生态廊道,重视区域植被特点和发挥地带性建群树种的作用,引进水网化、林网化的核心理念,同时要重视城市建成区的森林生态建设与改造。  相似文献   

12.
连平县处于广东东北部九连山腹地,有较好的森林资源和较高的森林覆盖率,是广东重要的生态水源保护区。为使连平建设成为生态县的目标早日实现,根据目前的森林现状和今后的建设方向,全县森林被建议划分成4个功能区进行建设,它们是:1)东北-西部山地自然保护区网络,2)中部山丘水源涵养生态林兼用材林区,3)南-北河谷经济走廊水土保持园林绿化区,4)东南部盆地复合农林业经济林区。同时还建议抓三大工程建设,即生态公益林建设工程,自然保护区网络建设工程和商品林基地生态建设工程。  相似文献   

13.
We present a Bayesian network model based on the ecological risk assessment framework to evaluate potential impacts to habitats and resources resulting from wildfire, grazing, forest management activities, and insect outbreaks in a forested landscape in northeastern Oregon. The Bayesian network structure consisted of three tiers of nodes: landscape disturbances, habitats, and the ecological resources or endpoints of interest to land managers. Nodes at each tier were linked to lower nodes if ecological and spatial relationships existed between them. All parameters had four potential discrete states: zero, low, medium, and high. Our model reliably predicted probable risk to habitats and endpoints from natural and anthropogenic disturbances. The disturbances most likely to transform habitats and effect ecological resources were forest management and wildfire. Of the six habitats, moist forest (characterized by Douglas fir and grand fir) was found to be at greatest risk of ecological impacts. The management endpoint with the highest likelihood of impact was historical range of variability (HRV) for salmon habitat, followed by recreation (hunting native ungulates) and HRV wildfire. We found that the Bayesian approach to ecological risk assessment was a useful method to assess potential impacts to ecological resources resulting from forest management and natural disturbances.  相似文献   

14.
建设城市森林的原则与途径   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
通过对城市森林发展的回颐,提出了建设城市森林的7条原则,并且根据森林生态网络理论提出了建设城市森林的途径——点、线、面三者有机结合形成城市森林生态网络体系,以及按照城市森林原则和城市森林生态网络体系理论建设城市森林采取的“森林成”和“园林城市”两种模式。  相似文献   

15.
济南城市森林景观生态格局   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
城市森林景观生态格局研究不仅是城市森林系统规划与城市生态建设的基础和前提,而且是优化城市空间结构、充分发挥城市森林生态功能以及创建生态宜居环境的重要途径和手段.本研究以RS和GIS技术为支撑,通过总体景观生态格局定量分析和梯度分析等研究方法,采用10个景观指数从斑块水平和景观水平两方面,对济南市建成区城市森林景观生态格局进行定量分析,并提出优化对策.结果表明: 济南市建成区城市森林覆盖率为15.8%;城市森林总体景观生态格局在景观水平上表现为城市森林景观斑块类型较齐全、景观破碎化程度较大、各类型城市森林所占面积存在差异、以大斑块为主且同种斑块高度连接,在斑块类型水平上表现为生态公益林以大斑块为主且占优势地位、风景游憩林形状较规则且以大中型斑块为主、道路林及附属林形状复杂且以小斑块为主、生产经营林缺乏;在斑块类型水平上,以风景游憩林为主导类型、生态公益林斑块面积最大、道路林及附属林破碎度大,在景观水平上,城市中心森林景观破碎度大、人为干扰严重、景观形状复杂;在城市森林景观生态格局分析基础上,提出“一环二网、三片四轴、多点棋布”的济南市城市森林生态网络构建方案,从而加强各类型城市森林的连接度,发挥大尺度生态系统的整体生态效益.  相似文献   

16.
岷江上游景观边界网络格局分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
格局与过程是景观生态学研究的核心内容,与基于斑块的研究相比,基于边界的研究是格局与过程研究的一个新的切入点.以岷江上游地区为例,基于TM影像数据,应用RS、GIS、Fragstats等软件,选用边界长度、边界密度、边界海拔、结点数量、网眼大小、网络连接度等指数,研究了景观边界网络格局的变化,并分析了与之相关的生态过程.结果表明,在1974~2000年期间,由于人为干扰强度的加剧,岷江上游景观边界网络结构变得更加复杂,在早期以边界长度增加为主,网络连接度变大,在后期以边界数量和结点数量增加为主,网络连接度变小;森林景观与低坡位景观类型间的边界减少,森林下线上移;农田与林地的边界在早期增加,1986年后减少,而与灌木林地的边界持续增加;随着林地的蚀退,森林结构变得简单化,而农田、灌木林地、草地等景观类型的结构变得更加复杂.  相似文献   

17.

Questions

How do changes in grazing intensity by different herbivores and differences in forest structure affect the assembly of ecological clusters within plant ecological networks in dryland plant communities?

Location

Eastern Australia across an area of 0.4 million km2.

Methods

We used correlation network analysis and structural equation modelling to examine how changes in grazing intensity, by different herbivores, and differences in forest structure (tree canopy cover, basal area and density) and soil fertility influenced the assembly of ecological clusters of plant communities (i.e. relative abundance of ecological clusters formed by co‐occurring plant species within an ecological network) in three forested communities from eastern Australia.

Results

Livestock grazing and forest structure regulated the relative abundance of ecological clusters within plant networks, but their effects on these plant assemblies were highly dependent on the ecological cluster and forest community type, with no single winner or loser across forest types, conditions or grazing intensities. Thus, the relative abundance of some ecological clusters increased under grazing while others declined, a response that was maintained across different forest structures. The relative importance of grazing, forest structure and soil fertility varied across forest community type. The two eucalypt communities exhibited mixed effects of grazing and forest structure (Eucalyptus largiflorens ) or forest structure only (Eucalyptus camaldulensis ). In the third (Callitris glaucophylla ) community, grazing played a larger role in controlling the plant community assembly. Soil fertility (soil C and P) effects were of a similar magnitude to grazing and forest structure, but the effects differed among clusters.

Conclusions

Livestock grazing and forest structure regulated the relative abundance of ecological clusters within networks of plant communities in forests in eastern Australia. Our study uses a novel approach of ecological clusters to show that differences in grazing and forest structure will always disadvantage some plant ecological clusters. Furthermore, changes in one cluster will ultimately affect other clusters. Any changes in management therefore will have varied effects on different ecological plant clusters.
  相似文献   

18.
基于MSPA和MCR模型的秦岭(陕西段)山地生态网络构建   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
快速的城市化发展破坏了生境斑块的连通性,而在应对此环境变化中,从斑块层构建区域生态网络的研究不足。本研究以秦岭(陕西段)为对象,采用形态学空间格局分析(MSPA)辨别生态源地,利用最小阻力模型(MCR)提取潜在生态廊道,构建秦岭生态网络;基于重力模型对生态网络内部斑块的重要性进行分级,并分析了网络的结构特征及景观构成。结果表明: 秦岭(陕西段)生态网络由10个生态源地、45条潜在生态廊道和38个脚踏石构成,生态源地总面积29686.15 km2;网络闭合度(0.11)、线点率(1.18)、网络连接度(0.42)、成本比(0.99)综合表明,网络结构中潜在生态廊道和生态节点的连通性较好,而源地间的连通程度低,构建网络的成本较高;重要生态廊道主要由林地、草地、耕地等景观类型构成,其中,林地面积最大,为571.00 km2,约占廊道总面积的89.2%,景观结构良好;在生态网络中应加强保护生态源地,优先建立并保护重要生态廊道和生态节点。研究结果可为秦岭生态环境保护与高质量发展提供科学的参考和依据。  相似文献   

19.
中国森林生态系统定位研究网络的建设与发展   总被引:11,自引:1,他引:11  
中国森林生态系统定位研究网络 (CFERN)起步于 2 0世纪 5 0年代末 6 0年代初 ,是国家林业局科技司直接领导和管辖的进行长期生态系统定位观测的大型生态学研究网络。它包含分布于不同气候带的 1 5个生态站 ,其中 6个国家级生态站 ,网络的覆盖面完整 ,基本具备了由北向南以热量驱动和由东向西以水分驱动的生态梯度十字网。网络管理中心负责协调各台站之间的联系、网络通讯的出版发行以及制定各种学术研究活动计划。  相似文献   

20.
山水林田湖草系统保护与修复工程实施的重要目标是维护和提升区域生态系统服务。从乌梁素海流域山水林田湖草的生态现状与功能出发,对乌梁素海流域水土流失、土地沙化等生态敏感性及土壤保持、水源涵养、生物多样性等生态功能重要性进行系统评价,形成基于生态敏感性和生态功能重要性相结合的空间格局评价结果。以维护和提升人类福祉所需的重要生态系统服务为目标,以乌梁素海流域生态敏感性和生态功能重要性相结合的空间格局评价结果为基础,制定了“一中心、二重点、六要素、七工程”的乌梁素海山水林田湖草生态保护与修复体系,并基于此将乌梁素海流域生态保护修复分为6个主要治理区域,形成“四区、一带、一网”的生态安全格局,通过具体工程实施,流域生态环境质量和生态服务能力将取得明显提升,防风固沙能力有效增强,生物多样性持续改善,水环境质量稳定达标,生态系统的稳定性明显加强。通过乌梁素海流域的分析案例为流域山水林田湖草生态保护与修复关键区域的识别提供了定量分析方法,为流域尺度构建生态安全格局、实现山水林田湖草系统保护和修复提供思路和途径。  相似文献   

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