抗生殖器疱疹病毒卵黄免疫球蛋白(IgY)的研究

检测了鸡卵黄中抗生殖器疱疹病毒(HSV-2)抗体的产量、纯度、来源及稳定性。采用生殖器疱疹病毒(HSV-2)作为抗原免疫广州黄村鸡。通过改良水稀释法提取卵黄中的IgY。双紫外光波长测定抗体含量,SDS-PAGE电泳检测抗体纯度。Western blot免疫印迹法测定该抗体来源。ELISA检测IgY对温度、酸碱度的稳定性。结果,蛋黄液中抗体质量浓度13.6g.L-1,抗体纯度达96.2%。免疫印迹证明IgY与鸡血清中的IgG具有相同的分子量和抗原性。IgY具有良好的热稳定性,对酸碱具有一定的耐受力。WD水稀释法能得到高产量、高纯度的特异性IgY,而且有良好的生物学活性。     

基因专一性鸡卵黄抗体(IgY)的研究及应用

用抗原免疫鸡,从鸡卵黄中获取特异多克隆IgY抗体,是一条高产量、低成本的简便快速途径。IgY与哺乳动物抗体IgG相比具有许多突出的优点,使IgY在现代免疫学中已得到广泛应用。采用基因免疫方法制备的基因专一性IgY抗体,在免疫分析、寻找药靶和生物标记物、制备新抗体等方面,必有进一步的应用。     

抗胱抑素C鸡卵黄IgY抗体的制备及鉴定

目的:制备高效价、高特异性的抗人胱抑素 C 鸡卵黄 IgY 抗体,并对其基本特性进行分析和鉴定.方法:以人胱抑素 C 为抗免疫产蛋的罗曼鸡,采用水稀释-盐析法提取及纯化 IgY 抗体,采用蛋白质定量、SDS-PAGE、West?ern 印迹和 ELISA 法对 IgY 抗体进行分析和鉴定.结果:免疫后14 d 即可从鸡冠血中检测出抗胱抑素 C 的特异性抗体,抗体效价在28 d 达最高峰(1∶32000),并可维持2个月以上;收集高效价时的免疫鸡蛋,制备鸡卵黄抗体 IgY;还性 SDS-PAGE 显示抗体 IgY 为相对分子质量分别为65×103和21×103的2条带,抗体纯度可达92%,得率为每个鸡蛋36.5 mg,抗体检出敏感度为15.63 ng/mL;Western 印迹证明该抗体具有高度特异性.结论:制备了抗胱抑素 C 的高效价、高特异性 IgY 抗体.     

鸡卵黄免疫球蛋白研究动态

当用某种抗原免疫产卵母鸡时,鸡可产生相应的鸡卵黄免疫球蛋白（IgY）储存于卵黄中。母鸡经免疫应答后,可从其不断产出的鸡卵的卵黄中得到大量的、均一的、高效价的IgY。IgY类似于哺乳动物的IgG,但又有其独特的优点。近年来国外对IgY的研究比较活跃。本文对IgY的特点、制备提纯及其在检测诊断上和疾病防治方面的应用作了较详细的论述。可以预见,随着研究的进一步深入,IgY的应用将不断扩大。     

特异性鸡卵黄免疫球蛋白（IgY）抗SARS-CoV作用的研究

制备了抗SARS CoVIgY ,探讨了该IgY中和SARS CoV的作用。灭活的SARS CoV免疫产蛋母鸡 ,水稀释法提取IgY。建立ELISA检测IgY结合SARS CoV的效价 ,采用病毒中和试验测定IgY的抗SARS CoV的作用。灭活SARS CoV免疫的母鸡可产生高效价的抗SARS CoVIgY ,该IgY中和SARS CoV的中和效价为 1∶5 12。因此 ,抗SARS CoVIgY可用于预防SARS CoV的感染及阻止SARS病毒的传播。     

金黄色葡萄球菌特异性卵黄抗体的制备及其影响因素

目的:考察金黄色葡萄球菌特异性卵黄抗体制备过程中的影响因素.方法:以灭活的金黄色葡萄球菌为抗原,采用不同的浓度(108cfu/mL,109cfu/mL,1010cfu/mL)、在不同免疫佐剂(商品弗氏佐剂和自制弗氏佐剂)作用下,对不同日龄(120天和300天)的蛋鸡进行免疫.免疫后收集鸡蛋,蛋黄用6倍体积水稀释,采用ELISA法测定抗体效价.结果:抗原浓度为109cfu/mL所得抗体效价最高;免疫120日龄蛋鸡获得抗体效价高于免疫300日龄蛋鸡所得抗体效价;在抗原浓度和蛋鸡日龄相同的情况下,商品弗氏佐剂比自制具有更好的免疫增强作用.结论:特异性卵黄抗体制备受多种因素的影响,抗原浓度、蛋鸡日龄、佐剂质量均对卵黄中特异性抗体水平有影响.     

抗金黄色葡萄球菌IgY的酶解稳定性及活性研究

目的:考察抗金黄色葡萄球菌特异性IgY的酶解稳定性和酶解产物的活性。方法:以灭活的金黄色葡萄球菌免疫产蛋母鸡,抗体经水稀释及盐析分离纯化。抗体在不同条件下经胃蛋白酶或胰蛋白酶消化。抗体及酶解产物的特异性和活性分别用ELISA法和凝集法检测,酶解产物用SDS-PAGE和Western-blotting鉴定。结果:免疫产生的抗体具有特异性,能与金黄色葡萄球菌凝集而抑制其生长。分离纯化后抗体纯度与标准IgY相近。IgY在pH<4时完全酶解;pH等于4时部分酶解生成Fab片断,具有特异性和凝集活性;pH>4时,抗体稳定,不发生酶解。结论:抗金黄色葡萄球菌特异性IgY及其酶解生成的Fab片断,具有特异性和抑菌活性,有望代替抗生素用于细菌感染性疾病的治疗。     

鸡卵黄抗眼镜王蛇毒抗体IgY的理化特性

目的 研制抗眼镜王蛇毒鸡卵黄抗体并研究该抗体的理化特性。方法 拟用减毒后的眼镜王蛇毒免疫母鸡后,从卵黄中制备抗眼镜王蛇毒抗体IgY。采用间接ELISA法对此抗体的理化特性进行研究。结果 ELISA显示免疫后12天开始出现特异性抗体,且抗体滴度逐渐升高,约在免疫后60天左右,最高可达1：100000,此最高滴度可维持30天,以后滴度逐渐降低,至免疫后100～110天,滴度仍可维持在最高滴度的一半(1：50000)。此抗体在10～65℃温度范围内活性保持稳定;在pH为4～12范围内,抗体活性稳定;此抗体经胰蛋白酶处理1h内,活性下降不明显,但1h以后活性迅速下降。结论从卵黄中制备抗眼镜王蛇毒抗体IgY,是可行的,稳定的。     

鸡血清与卵黄中抗中华眼镜蛇毒IgY动态变化研究

目的探索特异性IgY的产生和变化规律。方法用眼镜蛇毒原毒免疫产蛋母鸡,ELISA定期检测卵黄中的抗体效价变化,小鼠体外中和实验检测其生物活性。第1次免疫40周后,眼镜蛇毒攻击已免疫母鸡,检测攻击前后鸡血清中抗体效价变化情况,未经眼镜蛇毒免疫的母鸡作阴性对照。结果经免疫后第7天蛋黄中即可检测到抗体,经多次加强免疫,40周时蛋黄中还能保持高效价的抗体,通过分离纯化,此抗体可保护实验小鼠免受4 LD50眼镜蛇毒的攻击;同时,鸡血清中也保留着较高效价的抗体,可中和4 LD50以上的眼镜蛇毒。结论用眼镜蛇毒免疫鸡,经多次加强免疫,卵黄和鸡血清中可持久保持高效价的特异性抗体,初步检测此抗体可中和4 LD50的蛇毒。     

抗甲3型流感病毒卵黄抗体的研制

制备抗H3N2型流感病毒特异性鸡卵黄免疫球蛋白（IgY),防治同型流感病毒引起的流感,制备H3N2型流感病毒,通过两种途径免疫母鸡,以水稀释-硫酸铵沉淀及离子交换层析法提纯,并进行理化性质分析和动物效力试验。两种途径免疫均可使母鸡产生特异性IgY,其中以静脉为主的混合免疫法效果较好,提纯后纯度可达90%以上,通过被动免疫可使小鼠对同型流感病毒的攻击产生保护作用。结果表明,已成功地制备出高效价的H3N2型流感病毒特异性IgY。     

Production and purification of IgY antibodies from chicken egg yolk

The isolation of polyclonal antibodies from the serum of immunized mammals has significantly contributed to scientific research and diagnosis. The fact that recent technologies allow the production of antibodies in the yolk of eggs laid by hens, has led to the development of an alternative method for antibody generation that is less stressful to animals. As hens are kept under almost all their natural conditions, antibodies are isolated from the collected eggs; this technology is expected to become an interesting alternative to the conventionally serum-based techniques that eventually require to sacrifice the animal.Here we present a modified protocol for the isolation of IgY antibodies from immunized chickens and provide comparison between two chicken breeds in relative to IgY yield per egg. Our results show the possibility of generating large quantities of highly pure IgY from chicken eggs and also show large differences in the yield of IgY production between the two studied breeds. The results of this work indicate that IgY technology can be used for the production of primary antibodies for immunological work and disease diagnosis.     

卵黄抗体的分离提取和纯化方法

卵黄抗体性能稳定,具有较强抵抗热酸、碱的能力,室温下可保持6个月的活性,4℃下放置几年活性不减,易于大规模生产等许多优点,卵黄免疫球蛋白的纯化方法 和哺乳动物的纯化方法 不同,包括有机物沉淀法,有机溶剂抽提法,天然胶法和水稀释法等粗提方法;凝胶过滤层析,离子交换层析和亲和层析等精细纯化方法。本文就卵黄抗体的分离和纯化方法的优缺点作一比较。     

Preparation of chicken IgY against recombinant E2 protein of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and development of ELISA and ICA for BVDV detection

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infects cattle and may lead to persistent infection (PI). The PI animals harbor BVDV throughout their life and become immune tolerant against BVDV. Thus, diagnosis of this virus in herd is highly important. Recombinant E2 protein expression (using pET-32a in Escherichia coli) was confirmed by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting; then purified by Ni⁺ affinity chromatography. Chickens were immunized with BVDV-E2 protein, and IgY antibodies were extracted from egg yolk by PEG-6000. The peak titer of anti-BVDV-E2-IgY was 1:128,000 after the fifth immunization. IgY-based enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) and immunochromatographic assay (ICA) were further developed. Coincidence of ELISA and ICA test with RT-PCR was 95.45 and 90.91%, respectively. The anti-BVDV-E2 IgY could be used in routine screening of BVDV infection. Besides, it can also be applicable while licensing and/or using live vaccines; screening of imported products containing bovine serum and strong surveillance of BVDV outbreaks.     

Effect of different dietary energy and protein sources on antioxidant status,fresh yolk fatty acid profile and microstructure of salted yolks in laying ducks

The study investigated whether different dietary energy and protein sources affect laying performance, antioxidant status, fresh yolk fatty acid profile and quality of salted yolks in laying ducks. In all, 360 19-week-old Longyan ducks were randomly assigned to four diets in a factorial arrangement (2×2). The four diets consisted of two energy sources, corn (CO) or sorghum (SO) and two protein sources, soybean meal (SM) and rapeseed meal with corn distillers dried grains with solubles (RMD), and each treatment contained six replicates of 15 birds each. The experimental diets were isocaloric (metabolizable energy, 10.84 MJ/kg) and isonitrogenous (CP, 17%). The results showed that egg production, average egg weight, egg mass and feed conversion ratio were not affected by diets (P>0.05). Plasma contents of reduced glutathione (GSH), GSH/oxidized glutathione and total antioxidant capacity were lower (P<0.05) in ducks fed the RMD diets compared with those fed SM diets with a substantial increase (P=0.006) in plasma content of malondialdehyde (MDA). Egg yolks from ducks fed SO diets had higher proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and lower saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids compared with CO diets (P<0.001). Similarly, ducks fed RMD diets had a higher content of PUFA and n-6/n-3 ratio in fresh yolks (P<0.001), and increased salted yolk MDA, carbonylated proteins content and incidence of hard salted yolks (P<0.05) compared with SM diets. Scanning electron microscopy showed that salted yolks contained rougher polyhedral granules and fewer fat droplets, and were surrounded with a layer of bunchy fibers in ducks fed SO+RMD than those fed CO+SM diet. In conclusion, the current study showed that feeding laying ducks with diets containing SO or RMD reduced antioxidant capacity and increased egg yolk concentrations of PUFA. It appeared that egg yolks from ducks fed these diets were more sensitive to lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation during salting, and reduced the quality of salted yolks.     

耐温谷氨酸棒杆菌的选育及其高温谷氨酸发酵代谢流量分析

采用基因组改组的方法选育获得的一株耐温谷氨酸棒杆菌F343,并比较了F343与其出发菌株S9114在39℃发酵谷氨酸时的发酵特性和代谢流量。结果表明:耐温菌F343的比生长速率、比谷氨酸积累速率可维持在较高的水平;通过发酵中后期代谢流量分析发现耐温菌F343在磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸(PEP)节点处,磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶(PEPc)催化的CO_2回补支路反应代谢流增加;α-酮戊二酸(KG)节点处,谷氨酸氢酶(GDH)催化的产生谷氨酸的支路代谢通量增加。此外,高温发酵谷氨酸时,耐温菌F343高温发酵谷氨酸过程产生的乳酸等副产物较出发菌株S9114少。通过改善种子质量,F343在高温发酵30 h产酸达到10.1%,较出发菌株提高67%。     

EMT参与肿瘤侵袭转移的研究进展

在癌症类型中,上皮癌占绝大多数。从良性腺瘤过渡到恶性癌和转移期间,上皮肿瘤细胞获得去分化、迁移和入侵行为,同时上皮-间质转化（epithelial-mesenchymal transition EMT）伴随着显著的细胞形态学变化、细胞与细胞间及细胞与基质之间的粘附性丢失及重塑、并获得迁徙和侵袭能力。正如完全分化的上皮细胞转换成低分化、迁移和侵入性间质细胞,其涉及到一个高度的细胞可塑性、大量不同的基因和表观遗传学改变,因此EMT本身是一个多阶段的过程。该综述的目的是系统地总结EMT分子机制及EMT与肿瘤关系的最新进展。     

益气活血中药复方对CVB3大鼠心肌细胞感染模型ATP6基因表达的影响

目的：研究益气活血中药复方对CVB3大鼠心肌细胞感染模型ATP6（ATP synthase F0 subunit 6）基因表达的作用机制。方法：本实验用新生2-3dWistar大鼠心肌细胞,建立CVB,病毒感染模型,通过改良的抑制性消减杂交技术（SSH）,克隆了受CVB,攻击的心肌细胞中被中药（益气活血中药复方）调控的基因。结果：ATP6基因,在中药组中高表达,而病毒组中表达减弱或抑制。结论：益气活血中药复方能影响受CVB,病毒攻击的宿主细胞ATP6基因的表达,有效保护心肌、阻断病程进度,从而实现治疗病毒性心肌炎的目的。