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1.
We have isolated an unusual T cell receptor chain cDNA clone (7.1) from a library made from RNA derived from adult thymus of C57BL/Ka mice. This cDNA clone corresponds to the appropriately processed C1 constant region exons preceded by 1.5 kb of J-C1 intron. The 7.1 coding region is extremely homologous to the C1 gene of BALB/c mice, differing at the protein level by a single deletion (alanine 139) and a single substitution. This latter change eliminates the sole N-linked sugar attachment site, providing a basis for strain-specific glycosylation patterns. The J-C1 intronic region contains two DNA segments (termed J1 and J2) that are highly reminiscent of joining (J) segments; both have potentially functional recombination and donor splice sequences flanking an open reading frame. Northern analysis suggests that 7.1 may be derived from a large, variable region-containing precursor. 相似文献
2.
C. M. Tu 《Archives of microbiology》1976,108(3):259-263
Of 147 microorganisms isolated from a loamy sand, 71 showed good growth with lindane (-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane) and produced chloride in an aqueous medium. Thirteen soil microorganisms were selected to study the utilization of lindane. Lindane was metabolized by the microbes to -2,3,4,5,6-pentachloro-1-cyclohexene (-PCCH), -3,4,5,6-tetrachloro-1-cyclohexene (-TCCH), -3,4,5,6-tetrachloro-1-cyclohexene (-TCCH), -3,4,5,6-tetrachloro-1-cyclohexene (-TCCH), and pentachlorobenzene (PCB). Cells of Pseudomonas sp. No. 62 grown on lindane simultaneously adapted to -PCCH, -TCCH, -TCCH, -TCCH, PCB, 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobenzene (1,2,3,4-TCB) and 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene (1,2,4,5-TCB). The bacteria degraded each of these chemicals at least partially as indicated by an increased rate of oxygen consumption.Abbreviations Lindane
-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane
- -PCCH
-2,3,4,5,6-pentachloro-1-cyclohexene
- -TCCH
-3,4,5,6-tetrachloro-1-cyclohexene
- -TCCH
-3,4,5,6-tetrachloro-1-cyclohexene
- -TCCH
-3,4,5,6-tetrachloro-1-cyclohexene
- PCB
pentachlorobenzene
- 1,2,3,4-TCB
1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobenzene
- 1,2,3,5-TCB
1,2,3,5-tetrachlorobenzene
- 1,2,4,5-TCB
1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene
- 1,2,3-tCB
1,2,3-trichlorobenzene
- 1,2,4-tCB
1,2,4-trichlorobenzene
- 1,3,5-tCB
1,3,5-trichlorobenzene
- 1,2-DCB
1,2-dichlorobenzene
- 1,3-DCB
1,3-dichlorobenzene
- 1,4-DCB
1,4-dichlorobenzene
- MCB
monochlorobenzene
Contribution No. 631, Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, University Sub Post Office, London, Ontario N6A 5B7 相似文献
3.
T. H. J. Huisman F. Kutlar T. Nakatsuji A. Bruce-Tagoe Y. Kilinç M. N. Cauchi C. Romero Garcia 《Human genetics》1985,71(2):127-133
Summary The occurrence of the AT chain (i.e. A75 Ile Thr) in different populations was evaluated through a study of 4250 cord blood samples and blood samples from more than 350 SS1 patients. High frequencies were observed in Italy, Yugoslavia, Turkey, Holland, but also in Japan, Vietnam, and India. The chain is (nearly) absent in the Black population of Ghana and Kenya, and low frequencies were observed in China and Australian aborigines. Only a few adult SS patients (18 out of 357) were AT heterozygotes. The chromosomes with the AT globin gene were mapped through an evaluation of the presence of 10 different restriction sites. The AT chromosomes from different populations were closely related and had the same subhaplotypes of [--++-+] (Hinc II 5 to ; Xmn I 5 to G; Hind III in G and A; Hinc II in and 3 to ), quite different from the subhaplotypes seen for AT negative chromosomes.2 This suggests a common ancestor which may have originated in Southern Europe. An evaluation of the chain production by both chromosomes in SS patients and -thalassemia heterozygotes was possible for subjects with an AT heterozygosity. It was concluded that in -thalassemia trait, the chain synthesis is directed for about two-thirds by the thalassemic chromosome and for about onethird by the normal chromosome; the contribution by the normal chromosome decreases with a decrease in total chain production.This is contribution #0890 of the Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA 相似文献
4.
Anaerobic dechlorination and degradation of hexachlorocyclohexane isomers by anaerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Screening studies with strict and facultative anaerobic bacteria showed that Clostridium app. and several other representatives of Bacillaceae and Enterobacteriaceae actively degraded -hexachlorocyclohexane (-HCH) under anaerobic conditions. Representatives of Lactobacillaceae and Propronibacterium were inactive. With 36Cl-labelled -HCH a nearly complete dechlorination was shown to occur in 4–6 days by Clostridium butyricum, C. pasteurianum and Citrobacter freundii, while other facultative anaerobic species were less active.Aerobically grown facultative anaerobes also dechlorinated actively -HCH during subsequent anaerobic incubation with glucose, pyruvate or formate as substrates. The -, - and -HCH isomers were also, but more slowly, dechlorinated (>>-HCH). All species active in anaerobic degradation of -HCH formed -tetrachlorocyclohexene (TCH) as the main intermediate metabolite and no -pentachlorocyclohexene (PCH) or other isomers of TCH or PCH have been found. Small amounts of tri- and tetrachlorinated benzenes have been found too. The mechanism of dechlorination is discussed.Non-Common Abbreviations Used -HCH
-hexachlorocyclohexane
- -TCH
-2,3,4,5-tetrachlorocyclohexene
- -PCH
-1,2,3,4,5-pentachlorocyclohexene
- GLC
gas liquid chromatography 相似文献
5.
The human genes for the α and γ subunits of the mast cell receptor for immunoglobulin E are located on human chromosome band 1823 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The receptor with high affinity for immunoglobulin E (FcERI) is a key molecule in triggering the allergic reaction. It is tetrameric complex of one subunit, one subunit, and two disulfide-linked subunits. This receptor is present exclusively on mast cells and basophils. Molecules identical to the subunit of FcRI also form cell surface complex with other Fc receptors such as mouse FcRIIa in macrophages and most probably with human FcRIII (CD16) in natural killer (NK) cells. Here we show by in situ hybridization that the human genes for the (FCER1A) and subunits (FCER1 G) of FcERI and the gene for FcRIII (FCGR3, CD16) are located on human chromosome band 1823. 相似文献
6.
Summary The -glucuronidase staining characteristics of isolated T cell populations and the T and T enriched fractions derived of them were studied. T lymphocytes were obtained from purified T lymphocytes by ox-IgG rosette sedimentation. The rosette-forming cells in the pellet were referred to as T lymphocytes, whereas the lymphocytes in the interface were referred to as T depleted or T lymphocytes. B cells were studied on rosetted mononuclear cells with either mouse erythrocytes or with Staphylococcus Aureus (Cowan I) bacteria, after a preceeding polyvalent anti-human Ig treatment of the cells. While B cells showed mostly no reactivity, T and T cells were respectively characterised by a dot-like and granular pattern of reactivity. These findings are in agreement with those observed by others after -naphthyl-acetate esterase or acid phosphatase staining. Within the T lymphocyte fraction, the T non-, non lymphocytes seemed to have a granular pattern of reactivity. The same staining pattern was found in non-B, non-T lymphocytes. 相似文献
7.
Bulk populations of T-cell receptor (Tcr) -expressing splenocytes from different inbred strains of mice were examined for the diversity of Tcr proteins. Immunoprecipitations with anti-C1/2, anti-C4, and anti-V1 sera demonstrated that splenocytes from B10.BR, C57BL/6, and C57L strains of mice expressed the same array of Tcr proteins, namely V1-C2, V1-C4, and V2-C1, although the Tcr heterodimers observed for each of these strains were biochemically distinct. Examination of bulk splenic Tcr heterodimers from several other inbred strains of mice demonstrated that each of the strains could be categorized into one of three basic phenotypes. For several reasons, the differences observed between the strains appeared to be solely dependent on polymorphisms of the Tcrg loci. First, F1 mice co-expressed both parental Tcr phenotypes. Second, the distinguishing polymorphism between mice of phenotype 1 and phenotypes 2 or 3 was due to the presence of an N-linked glycosylation site within the Tcrg-C1 gene segment, previously described for BALB.B and C57BL/6 Tcrg-C1 genes. Finally, the V1-C4 polymorphism between mice of phenotype 3 and phenotypes 1 or 2 was due to differences in core protein size. Furthermore, the three defined Tcr chains were expressed independently of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotype. Although no striking qualitative differences in Tcr heterodimers were observed between strains (including those with autoimmune disorders), a quantitative difference in the relative amount of C4-encoded proteins was observed on Tcr splenocytes from both newborn euthymic and adult athymic mice when compared to adult Tcr splenocytes from euthymic mice. These results demonstrate that genetic polymorphisms exist among different mouse strains and suggest that selective developmental pressures may govern Tcr expression.
Offprint requests to: J. A. Bluestone 相似文献
8.
Summary Southern blotting and DNA sequencing after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification provide evidence for the frequent occurrence (in 7 out of 24 chromosomes) of a short conversion GA in the 3 end of the human fetal A globin gene. This short conversion is characterized by the presence, 3 nucleotides downstream from the termination codon of the A gene, of the TCAC sequence that is normally present at the equivalent position at the 3 end of the G gene; it is therefore identical to a conversion already described. Interestingly, we have found that this conversion is associated with the presence of theHindIII polymorphic restriction site in the A IVS2, occuppying an equivalent position in both the G and A genes. Our observations strengthen the hypothesis that the presence of the HindIII polymorphic restriction site in A IVS2 and the presence of the sequence TCAC at the 3 end of the A gene might be the result of a single conversion event. 相似文献
9.
Purification and properties of gammagamma-enolase from pig brain 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Isoelectric focusing revealed three enolase isoforms in pig brain, which were designated as - (pI = 6.5), - (pI = 5.6), and -enolase (pI = 5.2). The pI of purified -enolase was also 5.2. The -enolase isoform of enolase was purified from pig brain by a purification protocol involving heating to 55°C for 3 min, acetone precipitation, ammonium sulfate precipitation (40%–80%), DEAE Sephadex ion-exchange chromatography (pH 6.2), and Sephadex G200 gel filtration. The final specific activity was 82 units/mg protein. As with other vertebrate enolases, -enolase from pig proved to be a dimer with a native mass of 85 kDa and a subunit mass of 45 kDa. The pH optimum for the reaction in the glycolytic direction is 7.2. The K
m values for 2-PGA, PEP, and Mg2+ were determined to be 0.05, 0.25, and 0.50 mM, respectively, similar to K
m values of other vertebrate enolases. The amino acid composition of pig -enolase, as determined by amino acid analysis, shows strong similarity to the compositions of -enolases from rat, human, and mouse, as determined from their amino acid sequences. Despite the differences seen with some residues, and considering the ways that the compositions were obtained, it is assumed that pig -enolase is more similar than the composition data would indicate. Moreover, it is likely that the sequences of pig -enolase and the other -enolases are almost identical. Li+ proved to be a noncompetitive inhibitor with either 2-PGA or Mg2+ as the variable substrate. This enolase crystallized in the monoclinic space group P2, or P21. An R
symm <5% was obtained for data between 50 and 3.65 Å, but was a disappointing 30% for data between 3.65 and 3.10 Å, indicating crystal disorder. 相似文献
10.
We investigated the influence of the combined use of sizofiran, a-1,3-glucan and a recombinant interferon- (rIFN-) upon biological activities of peritoneal macrophages (M). The number of peritoneal M and the production of cytokines (interleukin-1, interferon- and tumor necrosis factor) was increased by the combined treatment. Fully activated peritoneal M based on the increased number of elongated pseudopods were observed by electromicroscope. Sizofiran seems to assure a sufficient supply of M to kill tumor cells in the peritoneal cavity and co-administered rIFN- seems to directly stimulate the accumulated M in addition to its direct cytotoxicity against tumor cells. This combination therapy may be a step to the prevention of the recurrence of gynecological malignancies including ovarian cancer, after a negative second-look laparotomy.Abbreviations rIFN-
recombinant interferon-
- IL-1
interleukin-1
- TNF
tumor necrosis factor
- SLL
second look laparotomy 相似文献
11.
Konrad Huppi Lawrence D'Hoostelaere Michael Kiefer Michael Steinmetz Evelyne Jouvin-Marche 《Immunogenetics》1986,24(5):304-308
We have examined the context of mouse T-cell receptor gamma (Tcr ) chain variable (V ) and constant (C) genes among a panel of geographically isolated species of mice. Our Southern hybridization survey with C reveals that essentially three C genes are found among mouse species extending phylogenetically from inbred mice through the feral species Mus pahari. However, a V DNA probe detects three to nine V restriction fragment bands among the same group of mice. These results suggest that certain feral mice such as M. pahari, M. platythrix, and M. shortridgei have amplified numbers of V genes. Studies of individual mice from these particular species indicate the highly amplified V content is not the result of a catastrophic gene duplication or deletion event. We conclude that certain species of mice maintain increased content of V presumably for increased diversity in a Tcell response. 相似文献
12.
Fernando A. de Freitas José Andrés Yunes Marcio J. da Silva Paulo Arruda Adilson Leite 《Molecular & general genetics : MGG》1994,245(2):177-186
A genomic clone encoding the -kafirin gene from sorghum was isolated and sequenced. A 2938 bp sequenced fragment includes an intronless open reading frame of 636 nucleotides encoding a putative polypeptide of 212 amino acids. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence of -kafirin with the published sequences of -prolamins of maize, and Coix revealed highly conserved domains. The N-terminal region of these proteins contains the conserved hexapeptide PPPVHL, which is repeated eight times in -zein, four times in -kafirin and three times in -coixin. The number of PPPVHL repeats accounts predominantly for the differences in the molecular weights of -prolamins. Several putative regulatory sequences common to the -kafirin and -zein genes were identified in both the 5 and the 3 flanking regions. Putative GCN4-like regulatory sequences were found at positions –192 and –476 in the 5 flanking region of -kafirin. In the 3 noncoding region, three putative polyadenylation signals, two AATAAT and one AATGAA, were found at positions + 658, + 716, and + 785, respectively. In order to investigate the role of the putative GCN4-like motifs and other possible cis-acting element(s) of the -kafirin promoter, a series of deleted and chimeric promoter constructs were introduced into maize, Coix and sorghum tissues by particle bombardment. Histochemical analysis of -glucuronidase (GUS) activity in different tissues indicated that the element(s) responsible for tissue specificity is probably located in the 285-bp proximal region of the promoter, while the remaining promoter sequence seems to carry the element(s) responsible for the quantitative response.The nucleotide sequence data reported in this paper appear in the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ Nucleotide Sequence Databases under the accession number X62480 相似文献
13.
Pirelli A Allavena P Rambaldi A Di Bello M Pirovano P Peccatori F Mantovani A 《Cytotechnology》1987,1(1):79-81
The lineage to which normal large granular lymphocytes/natural killer (LGL/NK) cells belong is controversial; in fact they share some surface markers and functional activities with monocytes, but also with T lymphocytes. The relationship of LGL to the T cell lineage by analysis with the T cell receptor (T-rec) gene has been investigated. Pure preparations of human LGL and their CD11+ CD8- and CD11- CD8+ subsets had the T gene in its unrearranged germline configuration. Expression of T and T genes was not detectable. The organization of T gene, which is of particular importance because it occurs early in T cell ontogeny, was also found in its germline configuration.A rare type of lymphoproliferative disorder, termed T-LPD, is characterized by expansion of cells very similar to LGL for morphology, phenotype, and functional activity. Of 17 patients with T-LPD studied for T-rec rearrangement, 15 displayed rearrangement of T and T loci and were CD3+ (14/15 had monoclonal rearrangement), while 2 cases were in germline configuration and were CD3–. Similarly to very small subsets of CD3+ LGL recently described, most T-LPD cases are CD3+ and have T-rec genes rearranged. These data suggest that either a subset of LGL or a particular step of differentiation may be related to the T cell lineage; they also demonstrate that, in contrast to previous views, most TLPD are monoclonal, presumably neoplastic, lymphoproliferative disorders.Abbreviations LGL
large granular lymphocytes
- NK
natural killer
- T-rec
T-cell receptor
- TLPD
T lymphoproliferative disease 相似文献
14.
Abdullah Kutlar Ferdane Kutlar Li-Ghao Gu Sylvia M. Mayson Titus H. J. Huisman 《Human genetics》1990,85(1):106-110
Summary A recently developed high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) procedure using a weak cation exchanger (PolyCAT) in columns of different sizes was used to quantify fetal hemoglobin (Hb F) in blood of normal adults and -thalassemia (-thal) heterozygotes with ten different types of mutations. Preparative PolyCATHPLC greatly facilitated the characterization of isolated Hb F, i.e., the determination of the relative quantities of the G and A chains. The method is accurate and allows quantitation of Hb F at the 0.5% level; preparative PolyCAT-HPLC allows isolation of (nearly) pure Hb F from blood samples with low (< 1%) Hb F. Adult Hb F levels were determined in 69 normal adults (including 24 diabetics); Hb F levels fell below 1% except for subjects with abnormal -G-G arrangement and a CT mutation at position -158 relative to the Cap site of both G genes. The effect of the same mutation in the normal-G-A-arrangement was variable. Certain -thal mutations (namely, those at positions -29;-88; IVS-I-1; IVS-II-1) were associated with high Hb F levels in heterozygotes, while those at nucleotide (nt) positions IVS-I-6; IVS-I-110; codon 24; codon 39; codons 41/42; IVS-II-745 were not. G values varied and often fell into two groups (high G and low G); high G values were not associated with high Hb F values. The chromatographic procedure is ideally suited for Hb A2 quantitation. Average values of Hb A2 in -thal heterozygotes with any one of nine of the ten mutations were twice that of normals; the one exception was the -thal heterozygote with the IVS-I-6 (TC) mutation with an average low Hb A2 value of 3.6%. 相似文献
15.
Summary The 7S nerve growth factor molecule, found in the mouse submandibular gland, is comprised of three distinct protein subunits named , and -NGF. In this paper, radioimmunoassays specific for each subunit were used to measure the concentrations of these subunits in homogenates of mouse submandibular gland. It was determined that there were excess concentrations of both the and subunits, more than enough to bind all of the -NGF in the gland to form 7S-NGF. The radioimmunoassay data was confirmed by gel filtration experiments. In the gel filtration experiments, the excess and subunits eluted at positions which would indicate that these excess subunits were free and not bound in the 7S-NGF complex. The identity of the excess and subunits was substantiated by ion exchange chromatography, isoelectric focusing polyacrylamide gels and immunoblotting experiments. In conclusion, there are considerable quantities of and subunits present in the submandibular gland which are not bound to -NGE The functional significance of these excess concentrations of the and subunits is not known. 相似文献
16.
-Crystallin is a common lens protein of most vertebrate eye lenses and the major protein component in lenses of fishes and in many mammalian species during embryonic and neonatal stages. To facilitate the structural characterization of -crystallin possessing extensive charge heterogeneity, a cDNA mixture was constructed from the poly(A)+ mRNA isolated from shark eye lenses, and amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was carried out to obtain cDNAs encoding multiple shark -crystallins. Sequencing analysis of multiple positive clones containing PCR-amplified inserts revealed the presence of a multiplicity of isoforms in the -crystallin class of this cartilaginous fish. It was of interest to find that two shark cDNA sequences coexist, one encoding -crystallin (M1) of high methionine content (15.5%) and the other encoding one (M2) of low methionine content (5.1%), each corresponding to the major teleostean and mammalian -crystallins, respectively. Comparison of protein sequences encoded by these two shark cDNAs with published sequences of -crystallins from mouse, bovine, human, frog, and carp lenses indicated that there is about 61–80% sequence homology between different species of the piscine class, whereas only 47–66% is found between mammals and shark. A phylogenetic tree constructed on the basis of sequence divergence among various -crystallin cDNAs revealed the close relatedness between shark M2-crystallin and mammalian -crystallins and that between shark M1 and teleostean -crystallins. The results pointed to the fact that ancestral precursors of -crystallins were present in the sharp lens long before the appearance of modern-day mammalian and teleostean -crystallins. 相似文献
17.
Robert Konrat D.R. Muhandiram N.A. Farrow Lewis E. Kay 《Journal of biomolecular NMR》1997,9(4):409-422
Pulse sequences are presented for the measurement of3JCC and3JNC scalar couplings for allC containing residues in15N,13C uniformly labeled proteins. The methodsdescribed are based on quantitative J correlation spectroscopy pioneered byBax and co-workers [Bax et al. (1994) Methods Enzymol., 239, 79–105].The combination of 3JCC and3JNC scalar coupling constants allows theassignment of discrete rotameric states about the 1 torsion angle in cases where such states exist or, alternatively,facilitates the establishment of noncanonical 1conformations or the presence of rotameric averaging. The methods areapplied to a 1.5 mM sample of staphylococcal nuclease. 相似文献
18.
A previous dynamic model of the spinal motoneurone-Renshaw cell system has been extended by integrating -motoneurones (-MNs), which are also supposed to represent Ia inhibitory interneurones mediating reciprocal inhibition. For the recurrent inhibition of -MNs, two cases are considered: -MNs inhibiting themselves via Renshaw cells (RCs), and -MNs not subjected to self-inhibition. Two input systems are taken into account: monosynaptic Ia input distributed inhomogeneously to the three types of -MNs (S, FR, and FF), and spinally descending input from the lateral vestibular nucleus distributed inhomogeneously to the three -MN types and to -MNs. Dynamic input-output relations have been calculated in form of Bode or polar plots. The main results are: Input signals (Ia and VST) to -MNs are transmitted via RCs to -MNs with high-pass characteristics (lower cut-off around 1 Hz). The relatively high gains at high frequencies are attenuated more or less strongly by recurrent self-inhibition of -MNs depending on the overall strength of recurrent inhibition. The phase lags of -MNs with respect to the input are not frequency-independent, but vary between about-90° and-180° (at times up to-200°). To preserve in-phase activation of -and -MNs, certain criteria have to be met which are discussed in terms of additional input systems to -MNs and RCs. 相似文献
19.
Perales M Parisi G Fornasari MS Colaneri A Villarreal F González-Schain N Echave J Gómez-Casati D Braun HP Araya A Zabaleta E 《Plant molecular biology》2004,56(6):947-957
We report the identification by two hybrid screens of two novel similar proteins, called Arabidopsis thaliana gamma carbonic anhydrase like1 and 2 (AtCAL1 and AtCAL2), that interact specifically with putative Arabidopsis thaliana gamma Carbonic Anhydrase (AtCA) proteins in plant mitochondria. The interaction region that was located in the N-terminal 150 amino acids of mature AtCA and AtCA like proteins represents a new interaction domain. In vitro experiments indicate that these proteins are imported into mitochondria and are associated with mitochondrial complex I as AtCAs. All plant species analyzed contain both AtCA and AtCAL sequences indicating that these genes were conserved throughout plant evolution. Structural modeling of AtCAL sequences show a deviation of functionally important active site residues with respect to CAs but could form active interfaces in the interaction with AtCAs. We postulate a CA complex tightly associated to plant mitochondrial complex. 相似文献
20.
K. B. Rechinger O. V. Bougri V. Cameron-Mills 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1993,85(6-7):829-840
Summary Five monoclonal antibodies raised against an enriched C hordein fraction have been characterized in detail and were found to be specific for the members of the sulphur-rich hordein family. Two antibodies specific for B hordein polypeptides were identified, one of which reacted predominantly with CNBr cleavage class III polypeptides. 1 hordein was recognized by two antibodies, of which one also reacted with 2 hordein and several members of the CNBr cleavage class II B hordein polypeptides. One antibody recognized 3 hordein but cross-reacted at higher antibody concentration with almost all of the B and C hordein polypeptides. The specificity of the monoclonal antibodies was confirmed by Western blotting of one- or two-dimensionally separated hordein from the B hordein-deficient mutant hor2ca and its wild-type Carlsberg II and the 3 hordein-deficient genotype Nevsky. The identification of the hordein-specific monoclonal antibodies was further supported by immune precipitation of in-vitro transcribed and translated 2 hordein, and hor2ca and Carlsberg II mRNA translation products. The monoclonal antibodies were used to screen for mutants in hordein synthesis. Two mutants, one deficient in 1 hordein synthesis and a second in 2 or closely related B hordein polypeptides were identified. A model is proposed for the evolution of the sulphur-rich hordein loci Hor5 and Hor2. 相似文献