石竹一新变种

本文发表石竹一新变种:三脉石竹 Dianthus chinensis L. var.trinervis D.Q.Lu。     

中国石头花属的分类和分布

本文报道我国石头花属植物有18种(其中2新种)1变种,分隶于5组。大多分布西北、华北和东北地区,新疆是我国本属植物的分布和分化中心,种数往东递减。河北石头花、华山石头花、刺序石头花和细叶石头花为我国特有种。     

叉丝壳属一新种和一新记录种

本文描述了寄生于齿叶白绢梅(Exochorda serratifolia S.More)上的叉丝壳属一新种和寄生于北五味子(Schisandra chinensis L.)上的叉丝壳属一中国新记录种,分别是Microsphaera exochordae Q.X.Lu et G.Z.L(?)和M.schizandrae Sawada。 对新种作了中文和拉丁文描述,并附有形态图,同时讨论了与相近种之间的区别。对新记录种进行了中文描述。     

中国灵芝科的分类研究Ⅵ

本文是作者中国灵芝科的分类研究 V 的续篇。在过去作者除已报道了中国灵芝科71种和1变型外,本文又报道了4个新种。它们是:吊罗山树舌Ganoderma diaoluoshanense Zhao et x.Q Zhang;三明树舌 G.sanmi-ngense Zhao et x.Q.Zhang;桂南灵芝 G.guinanense Zhao et X.Q.Zhang;大瑶山假芝 Amauroderma dayaoshanense Zhao et x.Q.Zhang以上所引证的标本都保藏于中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室。     

Structural revision of isovalertatins M03, M13, and M23 isolated from the culture of Streptomyces luteogriseus

Three aminooligosaccharides, isovalertatins M03 (1), M13 (2), and M23 (3) were isolated and purified from the culture filtrate of Streptomyces luteogriseus. Their physicochemical properties, liquid chromatographic behavior, and spectroscopic data were in full accordance with the reported compounds [Xu, Q.; Wang, Q.; Lu, D. CN Patent 1100756, 1995; Chem. Abstr. 1995, 123, 110278n], but their structures were reinvestigated and revised by spectroscopic methods, including ESI multistage mass spectrometry and 2-dimensional NMR techniques.     

中国灵芝科的分类研究Ⅳ

灵芝科(Ganodermataceae)的种类在中国是很丰富的,分布也很广。著者除已报道64种1变型外,本文继续报道中国灵芝3个新种。它们是密环树舌(Ganoderma densizonatumZhao et X.Q.Zhang),小马蹄灵芝(G.parviungulatum Zhao et X. Q.Zhang),山东灵芝(G.shandongense Zhao et Xu)。本文所研究的全部标本都保藏于中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室。     

国产赖草属(禾本科)两个类群的修订

根据标本研究、野外考察和实验观察,对国产赖草属Leymus两个类群进行了分类修订,将阿尔金山赖草Leymus arjinshanicus D．F．Cui和L．aerginshanicus D．F．Cui ssp．ruoqiangensis（S．L．Lu＆Y.H．Wu）D．F.Cui处理为若羌赖草L．ruoqiangensis S．L．Lu＆YH．Wu的新异名,将纤细赖草L．secalinus（Georgi）Tzvel．var．tenuis L．B．Cai提升为一个独立的种L．tenuis（L．B．Cai）L．B．Cai．     

贡山三尖杉的新名称(Cephalotaxus talonensis Cheng et Feng ex S.G.Lu et X.D.Lang)及分类地位

提议贡山三尖杉的新名称Cephalotaxus talonensis Cheng et Feng ex S.G.Lu et X.D.Lang替代不合法的旧名称Cephalotaxus lanceolata K.M.Feng in Cheng et al.(晚出同名)。对比贡山三尖杉和三尖杉Cephalotaxus fortunei Hooker的模式标本和自然生长状态下的叶片形态,支持将贡山三尖杉处理为种的等级,不赞同Silba(1990)将贡山三尖杉降为三尖杉的变种［Cephalotaxus fortunei Hooker var. lanceolata(Feng) Silba］。文中提供4幅参照图片。     

嗜冷和冷育微生物的研究 Ⅲ.地丝霉属一新种,光滑地丝霉

在研究食品冷库中嗜冷微生物区系时,获得很多冷育型真菌。地丝霉和金孢菌类在这些菌中占优势。其中一菌在PYE上于18℃培养14天,菌落白色,厚毡状,中央常有淡黄色渗出液滴,菌落直径33mm,背面浅黄褐色,有辐射沟纹,老后仍为白色。菌丝分隔,直径1.0—2.0μm。该菌有明显的分生孢子梗,直立,宽度1.0—2.0μm,长10—25(—35)μm,无色或淡黄色,分生孢子梗具分枝,由分枝产分生孢子。分生孢子无色或淡黄色,顶端者为梨形、倒卵形或楔状,间生者矩椭圆形或桶状,1.5—2.5×2.5—3.5(—4.0)μm,光滑、1—3成链。该菌生长温度范围为0—25℃,最适温度为18℃,30℃不生长。此菌产生果胶酶,但是不分解角朊。该菌从冷库中生霉的蒜苗上分离得。其特征与Carmichael(1962),Domsch等(1980)所订正的金孢菌属(Chrysosporium Corda)中各种,以及Sigler和Carmichael(1976),Oorschot(1980)所订正的地丝霉属(Geomyces Traaen)中各种均有显著的差异,而其性状符合地丝霉属的特征集要。故命名为光滑地丝霉Geomyces laevis Z.Q.Li et Cui。模式:菌株AS 3.4605为模式菌株,保藏在中国科学院微生物研究所菌种保藏研究室;模式标本HMAS No.54875保存在该研究所真菌标本室。     

中国颊脊隐翅虫属附点颊脊隐翅虫亚属三新种(鞘翅目,隐翅虫科,隐翅虫亚科)

记述中国颊脊隐翅虫属Quedius附点颊脊隐翅虫亚属Distichalius 3新种,王氏附点颊脊隐翅虫Quedius(Distichalius)wangi sp.nov.,仙附点颊脊隐翅虫Quedius(D.)xiansp.nov.,和卧龙附点颊脊隐翅虫Quedius(D.)wolong sp.nov.。俯附点颊脊隐翅虫Q.(D.)lin Smetana和日本附点颊脊隐翅虫Q.(D.)pretiosus Sharp分别在中国大陆和重庆市是首次记录。3新种都隶属克什米尔附点颊脊隐翅虫群thekashmirensis group,该群为中国新纪录群。2新纪录种,俯附点颊脊隐翅虫和日本附点颊脊隐翅虫,分别是连附点颊脊隐翅虫群theannectens group和查特附点颊脊隐翅虫群thechaterjeei group的成员。     

假地枫皮的订正

作者查阅了全国42个标本馆所收藏的403号假地枫皮Illicium jiadifengpi B.N.Chang标本, 确认该种植物为中国特有, 分布于安徽、浙江、江西、福建、湖北、湖南、广东和广西。将百山祖八角I.jiadifengpi B.N.Changvar.baishanense B.N.Chang et S.H.Ou归并到假地枫皮;将闽皖八角I.minwanense B.N.Changet S.D.Zheng作为假地枫皮的一个变型--紫花八角I.jiadifengpi B.N.Changf.minwanense(B.N.ChangetS.D.Zhang)Q.Lin, 将武夷八角I.wuyishanum Q.Lin归并到紫花八角中。     

中国篦齿蕨属植物（水龙骨科）一新组合种

根据叶绿体rbcL和rps4-trnS序列及叶脉类型、孢子纹饰特征等证据,栗柄水龙骨Polypodiodes microrhizoma（C.B.Clarke ex Baker）Ching属于篦齿蕨属Metapolypodium Ching的范畴,因此将其组合到篦齿蕨属MetapolypodiumChing之下更合理。文中报道了该新组合种,即栗柄篦齿蕨Metapolypodium microrhizomum（C.B.Clarke ex Baker）S.G.Lu et L.H.Yang。     

贵州灵芝属的种类及一新种

本文报道了采自贵州境内的灵芝属真菌26种,其中一新种即:高盘灵芝Ganoderma cupulatiprocerum X.L.Wu et X.Q.Zhang,所有标本分别保存于中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室(HMAS)和海南省农业科学院。     

Vector competence of some Neotropical sandflies for the Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis complex

Abstract. To evaluate the vector competence of some Lutzomyia spp. (Diptera: Psychodidae) for Leishmania (Viannia) spp. (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosoma-tidae), experimental infections of anthropophilic sandflies from the Colombian Pacific coast were performed, through membrane feeding and xenodiagnosis on hamsters infected with Le.(V.)braziliensis or Le.(V.)panamensis. Wild-caught or F, generation females of Lutzomyia gomezi, Lu.hartmanni, Lu.panamensis and Lu. trapidoi were allowed to feed on hamster lesions and then maintained at 26^oC and >80% r.h. on a sugar-water diet until dissection on the fifth day post-infection (p.i.).
Despite similar infection rates (range 37–44%) in both Lu.gomezi and Lu.trapidoi , infections were heavier (>100 parasites) in the latter species. Infections of Lu.trapidoi with Le.braziliensis ( n = 21) and Le.panamensis (n = 27) showed parasite migration toward the foregut, with promastigote colonization of the stomodeal valve and appearance of infective forms. In contrast, infections of Lu.gomezi with Le. braziliensis (n = 10) and Le.panamensis (n = 5) were light (<50 parasites) and usually restricted to the pylorus. In Lu.hartmanni , only a few promastigotes were found in the pylorus and midgut of 3/8 specimens infected with Le.braziliensis , and no Le.panamensis developed (n = 19). By day 5 p.i., promastigote colonization of the hind- and midgut by Le.panamensis was observed in 2/4 Lu.panamensis but not Le.braziliensis (n = 3).
It was concluded that Lu.trapidoi is a more efficient vector than Lu.gomezi for both Le.braziliensis and Le.panamensis , and that Lu.hartmanni and Lu.panamensis are of minor importance for Leishmania transmission in this endemic area.     

川鄂獐耳细辛一新变型

描述了产于湖北神农架的川鄂獐耳细辛1个新变型―――重瓣川鄂獐耳细辛( Hepatica henryi Steward f. pleniflora X.D.Li et J.Q. Li),与原变型的主要区别为花冠重瓣。     

云南鳞毛蕨属纤维鳞毛蕨组的分类研究

本文记载云南产鳞毛蕨届纤维鳞毛蕨组植物16种,其中6种为云南新分布,1种为新改级。     

A new species of Gagea（Liliaceae）from Nei Mongol，China

A new species of the genus Gagea Salisb（Liliaceae）from Helanshan,Nei Mongol,China,G. alashanica Y. Z. Zhao & L. Q. Zhao,is described and illustrated. The new species is similar to G. neopopovii Goloskokov in the stigma capitate,tunic elongated upwards at     

Candida ruelliae sp. nov., a novel yeast species isolated from flowers of Ruellia sp. (Acanthaceae)

Two novel yeast strains designated as 16Q1 and 16Q3 were isolated from flowers of the Ruellia species of the Acanthaceae family. The D1/D2 domain and ITS sequences of these two strains were identical. Sequence analysis of the D1/D2 domain of large-subunit rRNA gene indicated their relationship to species of the Candida haemulonii cluster. However, they differ from C. haemulonii by 14% nucleotide sequence divergence, from Candida pseudohaemulonii by 16.1% and from C. haemulonii type II by 16.5%. These strains also differ in 18 physiological tests from the type strain of C. haemulonii, and 12 and 16 tests, respectively, from C. pseudohaemulonii and C. haemulonii type II. They also differ from C. haemulonii and other related species by more than 13% sequence divergence in the internal transcribed spacer region. In the SSU rRNA gene sequences, strain 16Q1 differs by 1.7% nucleotide divergence from C. haemulonii. Sporulation was not observed in pure or mixed cultures on several media examined. All these data support the assignment of these strains to a novel species; we have named them as Candida ruelliae sp. nov., and designate strain 16Q1(T)=MTCC 7739(T)=CBS10815(T) as type strain of the novel species.     

Vectors of cutaneous leishmaniasis in north-central Venezuela

Abstract. An entomological survey was undertaken from January 1991 to February 1992 in El Ingenio, Miranda State, Venezuela, an endemic area of cutaneous leishmaniasis: prevalence of 10.7 cases per 100,000 inhabitants.
A total of 4863 female sandflies (Phlebotominae) of fourteen species were collected in Shannon traps, then dissected and examined for leishmanial infections.
Lutzomyia ovallesi (85.4%) and Lu. gomezl (11.2%) were the predominant anthropophilic species of sandfly. Fifty-one (1.19%) Lu. ovallesi and two(0.47%) Lu. gomezi had natural infection with Leishmania promastigotes. Identification of the parasites was done by using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA hybridization. Two isolates from Lu. gomezi and forty-nine from Lu. ovallesi were typed as Leishmania braziliensis and three of the latter reacted with Le. mexicana also. This is the first report of Lu. gomezi with parasites typed as Le. braziliensis.
We concluded that Lu. ovallesi is the primary vector of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the north-central area of Venezuela and Lu. gomezi should be regarded as an additional vector.     

The Glycine Residues G551 and G1349 within the ATP-Binding Cassette Signature Motifs Play Critical Roles in the Activation and Inhibition of Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Channels by Phloxine B

The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein contains a canonical ATP-binding cassette (ABC) signature motif, LSGGQ, in nucleotide binding domain 1 (NBD1) and a degenerate LSHGH in NBD2. Here, we studied the contribution of the conserved residues G551 and G1349 to the pharmacological modulation of CFTR chloride channels by phloxine B using iodide efflux and whole-cell patch clamp experiments performed on the following green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged CFTR: wild-type, delF508, G551D, G1349D, and G551D/G1349D double mutant. We found that phloxine B stimulates and inhibits channel activity of wild-type CFTR (K_s = 3.2 ± 1.6 μM, K_i = 38 ± 1.4 μM) and delF508 CFTR (K_s = 3 ± 1.8 μM, K_i = 33 ± 1 μM). However, CFTR channels with the LSGDQ mutated motif (mutation G551D) are activated (K_s = 2 ± 1.13 μM) but not inhibited by phloxine B. Conversely, CFTR channels with the LSHDH mutated motif (mutation G1349D) are inhibited (K_i = 40 ± 1.01 μM) but not activated by phloxine B. Finally, the double mutant G551D/G1349D CFTR failed to respond not only to phloxine B stimulation but also to phloxine B inhibition, confirming the importance of both amino acid locations. Similar results were obtained with genistein, and kinetic parameters were determined to compare the pharmacological effects of both agents. These data show that G551 and G1349 control the inhibition and activation of CFTR by these agents, suggesting functional nonequivalence of the signature motifs of NBD in the ABC transporter CFTR.