番荔枝化学成分研究(7)

从番荔枝（Ａｎｎｏｎａ ｓｑｕａｍｏｓａ Ｌ．）种子中得到化合物１、２和４,化合物２和４分别为已知化合物ｍｏｔｒｉｌｉｎ（莫垂林,２）和ｂｕｌｌａｔａｎｏｃｉｎ（布拉他诺辛,４）。化合物１的化学结构经ＩＲ、ＭＳ、＾１Ｈ ＮＭＲ及＾１３Ｃ ＮＭＲ谱分析及其乙酰化物（１ａ）的ＭＳ、＾１Ｈ ＮＭＲ谱分析推定如（１）式并命名为２２－表－莫维查灵（２２－ｅｐｉ－ｍｏｌｖｉｚａｒｉｎ）。     

番荔枝化学成分研究(6)

自番荔枝（ ＡｎｎｏｎａｓｑｕａｍｏｓａＬ．） 种子中得到化合物１ 和２ , 化合物２ 是已知的ｂｕｌｌａｔａｃｉｎｏｎｅ （２ , ４－ 顺式和反式－ ｂｕｌｌａｔａｃｉｎｏｎｅ 的混晶） , １ 是新化合物, 命名为番荔枝塔亭丁（ｓｑｕａｍｏｓｔａｔｉｎ Ｄ） , 其结构经ＩＲ、ＭＳ、１Ｈ－ ＮＭＲ和１３ＣＮＭＲ谱解析推定如（１） 式。     

Three cytotoxic Annonaceous acetogenins from the seeds of Annona squamosa

Three new Annonaceous acetogenins, squamocin-IV (1), squamocin-V (2) and squamoxinone-E (3), together with seven other known Annonaceous acetogenins (4–10) were isolated from the seeds of Annona squamosa. The structures of all of the isolates were established and characterized through spectral and chemical methods. The new Annonaceous acetogenins 1–3 were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against the Hep-G2, SMMC-7721, BEL-7402, BGC-803 and H460 human cancer cell lines. Compound 3 exhibited the best cytotoxic activity, with IC₅₀ values of 0.103, 0.687, 4.19, 0.43 and 6.56 μg/mL, respectively for the cell lines above; meanwhile, Compound 1 showed selective cytotoxic activity against H460, with an IC₅₀ value of 0.049 μg/mL. The first mono-ACG (2) composed of 38 carbons was discovered.     

Studies on the Chemical Constituents of Annona squamosa(5)

From the seeds of Annona squamosa L.,three compounds were obtained,in which compounds i and 2 are known compounds,i.e. bullatacin and annonin I,respectively.Compounds 3 is a new non -adjacent bis -tetrahydrofuranyl annonaceous acetogenin,named squamostatin C.Based on the analysis of IR MS,1H NMR and 13 C NMR spectra,the structure of compound 3 was elucidated as (3).     

Annonsilin A -- A Novel Seco-Tris-Tetrahydrofuranyl Annonaceous Acetogenin

Compound A4 isolated from the seeds of Annona squamosa L. was a new compound with structural characteristics of adjacent bis-tetrahydrofuran and seco-bis-tetrafuranyl annonaceous acetogenins. A4 was found as the first example of this new type of seco-tris-tetrahy- drofuranyl annonaceous acetogenins and was named annonsilin A.     

Squamosinin A: a Novel Para-Tris-Tetrahydrofuranyl Annonaceous Acetogenins

Compound A has been isolated from the seeds of Annona squarnosa L. It was a new compound containing C36 with para-tris-tetrahydrofuran rings. Compound A was found as the first example of the new type of para-tris-tetrahydrofuranyl annonaceous acetogenins and was named squamosinin A.     

Lipoxygenase inhibition by novel fatty acid ester from Annona squamosa seeds

Studies on the seeds of Annona squamosa yielded a novel lipoxygenase inhibitor fatty acid ester, (+) - annonlipoxy (1). Compound 1 was screened for its enzyme inhibitory activity against lipoxygenase (E.C.1.14.18.1), exhibiting activity with IC₅₀ 69.05 ± 5.06 μm. Baicalein (IC₅₀ 22.6 ± 0.5 μm) was used as a positive control. Crude extracts of Annona squamosa fruit pulp and seeds were screened for its enzyme inhibitory activity against lipoxygenase and acetylcholinesterase. The crude ethanolic extract of fruit pulp and seeds of Annona squamosa also exhibited lipoxygenase activity with 22.2 and 26.7% inhibition, while the pet.ether extract of seeds of A. squamosa exhibited 52.7% inhibition at a concentration of 40 μg/200 ml. The crude ethanolic extract of seeds of Annona squamosa was also bioassayed for acetylcholinesterase inhibition and it was found inactive.     

番荔枝种子中的3个新的番荔枝内酯

从番荔枝（Ａｎｎｏｎａ ｓｑｕａｍ ｏｓａ Ｌ．）的种子中分离到Ａ１—Ａ７共７个化合物,其中Ａ２、Ａ３和Ａ５为新的番荔枝内酯,分别命名为新－去乙酰紫玉盘素（ｎｅｏ－ｄｅｓａｃｅｔｙｌｕｖａｒｉｃｉｎ, Ａ２）、新阿诺宁乙（ｎｅｏ－ａｎｎｏｎｉｎ Ｂ, Ａ３）和新牛心番荔枝素甲（ｎｅｏ－ｒｅｔｉｃｕｌａｔａｃｉｎ Ａ, Ａ５）。     

刺果番荔枝中的番荔枝内酯

从刺果番荔枝（Ａｎｎｏｎａ ｍ ｕｒｉｃａｔａ Ｌ．）的种子中分离到３ 个单四氢呋喃型番荔枝内酯类化合物,用波谱方法鉴定为海南哥纳香甲素（ｈｏｗ ｉｉｃｉｎ Ａ, Ｓ１３）、乙素（ｈｏｗ ｉｉｃｉｎ Ｂ, Ｓ５）和新化合物４－去氧海南哥纳香乙素（４－ｄｅｓｏｘｙｈｏｗ ｉｉｃｉｎ Ｂ, Ｓ２）。     

Annonaceous acetogenins: Precursors from the seeds of Annona squamosa

From the less polar fractions of an Annona squamosa (Annonaceae) seeds extract, four new annonaceous acetogenins, dieposabadelin (1), squamocenin (2), lepirenin (3) and dotistenin (4), were isolated, along with sixteen known acetogenins: corepoxylone, diepomuricanins A and B, dieporeticenine, tripoxyrollin, bullatencin, glabrencin B, reticulatains-1, -2, uvariamicins I, II, III, erythrosolamin, annotemoyin-1 and -2, and solamin. Fourteen are reported for the first time in this species.     

阿诺西林甲—一个新的裂叁四氢呋喃环型的番荔枝内酯

从番荔枝（Ａｎｎｏｎａ ｓｑｕａｍ ｏｓａ Ｌ．）的种子中分离到化合物Ａ４,结构鉴定表明它同时具有邻双四氢呋喃型和裂双四氢呋喃型番荔枝内酯的结构特征。Ａ４是裂叁四氢呋喃环型番荔枝内酯的第一个化合物,命名为阿诺西林甲     

壳聚糖涂膜对番荔枝冷藏期间某些生理生化指标的影响

经1％壳聚糖涂膜处理的番荔枝果实在冷藏（15℃）期间可溶性固形物（TSS）含量变化过程延缓,果实腐烂率显著降低,超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化物酶（POD）活性提高,多酚氧化酶（PPO）活性和丙二醛（MDA）含量下降,过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性变化不明显。     

Micropropagation of juvenile and adult Annona squamosa

A micropropagation system for Annona squamosa L. (Sugar Apple) using hypocotyls of seedlings and nodal cuttings from 3-year-old plants was developed. Shoot proliferation was achieved with Woody Plant Medium supplemented with BA. Silver thiosulphate was added at 0.5 mg l^–1 to control leaf abscission. Rooting was obtained when subcultured shoots were preconditioned for 2 weeks in medium with 10 g l^–1 activated charcoal before treatment with 43 µm NAA or 39 µm IBA. Rooting was improved when galactose was used instead of sucrose in the rooting medium. The rooted plantlets were acclimatised successfully.Abbreviations NAA naphthaleneacetic acid - IBA indolebutyric acid - MS Murashige & Skoog Medium - WPM Woody Plant Medium - NN Nitsch Medium - Juv juvenile explant - Adu adult explant     

In vitro organogenesis from leaf explants of Annona squamosa Linn

Multiple shoot formation was induced from excised leaf explants of Annona squamosa Linn. (custard apple) seedlings on a Murashige and Skoog basal medium containing benzylaminopurine and kinetin. Various auxins in combination with the above medium produced callusing of the explants. In an investigation of environmental factors affecting shoot induction it was seen that the maximum number of shoots were obtained using the leaf base with petiole at a temperature of 27°C and a light intensity of 1000 lux. Roots were initiated erratically when individual shoots were treated with an auxin and then transferred to an auxin free medium. The process of the development of adventitious buds in leaf culture was analysed histologically.NCL Communication No. 3104.     

Synthesis of Annonaceous Acetogenins from Muricatacin

Synthetic studies of annonaceous acetogenins starting from (?)-muricatacin (1a) or (+)-muricatacin are described, involving (?)-muricatacin (1a), mono-THF acetogenin, solamin (2), reticulatacin (3), (15R, 16R, 19S, 20S)-cis-solamin (4a) and (15S, 16S, 19R, 20R)-cis-solamin (4b), non-adjacent bis-THF acetogenin, 4-deoxygigantecin (5), and epoxide-bearing acetogenin, (15S, 16R, 19S, 20R)-diepomuricanin (6a).     

Acetogenins from the aquatic plant Elodea canadensis

13-(2-furyl)-Tridec-12E-en-1-yne and (7S)-hydroxyhexadeca-8E,10Z,13Z-trienoic acid have been isolated from Elodea canadensis in addition to the already known 13-(2-furyl)-tridec-1-yne, hexadec-11Z-enoic, hexadeca-7Z,10Z,13Z-trienoic and (10R)-hydroxyhexadeca-7Z,11E,13Z-trienoic acids.     

Isolation and Structure of Neoannonin,a Novel Insecticidal Compound from the Seeds of Annona squamosa

Two insecticidal compounds were isolated from the seeds of Annona squamosa. One was identified as annonin (squamocin) and the other was characterized as a novel dihydroxy-bistetrahydrofuran fatty acid lactone (acetogenin) with 35 carbons. These two compounds were toxic to eggs, larvae and adults of the fruitfly.     

Isolation and antimicrobial evaluation of isomeric hydroxy ketones in leaf cuticular waxes of Annona squamosa

A novel natural compound, 11-hydroxy-16-hentriacontanone, has been isolated from the leaf cuticular wax of Annona squamosa along with its known isomer 10-hydroxy-16-hentriacontanone in a ratio of 67:33. This isomeric mixture of hydroxy ketones constituted together 16.5% of the total cuticular waxes. The new compound was characterised using spectral and chromatographic techniques. The major component was found to be 16-hentriacontanone (palmitone), which constituted up to 48% of the total cuticular wax, together with a homologous series of hydrocarbons, fatty aldehydes, fatty alcohols, fatty acids and sterols as minor components. The antimicrobial activity of the isomeric hydroxy ketones was tested against selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains, and also some selected fungal strains, and compared with palmitone. The antibacterial activity of palmitone was significantly higher than that of the isomeric hydroxy ketones, but their antifungal activities were comparable.     

番荔枝内生真菌Hypoxylon sp.B38的代谢产物研究

从番荔枝内生真菌Hypoxylon sp.B38的固体平板发酵提取物中分离到5个化合物,通过NMR和MS等方法把它们分别被鉴定为Lachnellin D(1)、D ienetriol 9(2)、Lachnellin C(3)、Lachnellin B(4)和Benzo[d][1,3]d ioxol-5-ylm ethanol(5)。