山西轮藻属新植物

本文报道采自山西省的轮藻属植物2个新种,运城轮藻Chara yunchengensis,拟灰色轮藻C.pseudocanescens和3个中国新记录,阿尔泰轮藻C.altaica,豪威轮藻C.howeana,味美轮藻簇毛变种C.delicatula var.barbata     

中国海产刚毛藻科(Cladophoraceae)八个新记录种

报道中国海产刚毛藻科(Cladophoraceae),沙生刚毛藻Cladophora arenaria,蝾螺刚毛藻C. conchopheria,暗色刚毛藻C. opaca,透明刚毛藻C. pellucida,微小刚毛藻C. pusilla,棉形刚毛藻C. rudolphiana,光毛刚毛藻C. sericea,美丽刚毛藻C. speciosa。     

On the Genus Ceterachopsis (J. Sm.) Ching

eterachopsis was proposed by the senior author as an independent genus of the family Aspleniaceae in 1940 with 2 species. Since then much study on its morphology, anatomy, gametophyte and palynology has been carried out by Nayar, Bir, Chandra & Nayar and Chang et al., and they are of the opinion that the genus like Ceterach, is a comparatively primitive element in the family Aspleniaceae. The queer zigzag patern of cutting of lanceolate fronds appears extraordinary in the family Aspleniaceae, and also suggests its antiquity in evolution. So far only 3 species (C. dalhousiae, C. paucivenosa and C. magnifica) are recognized, the former from W. Himalayas, also known from Africa, while the latter two from W. S. China (Yunnan). However, in the past forty years the Chinese botanists have discovered 2 more species as new in N. W. Yunnan, thus bringing the total known species of the genus up to 5. The present paper is a brief summary on the genus Ceterachopsis, which will be published in detail in the Flora Sinica vol. 4. Pteridologists are also divided in their views regarding the generic status of Ceterachopsis with 5 well-defined species in Yunnan and the East Himalayas. We prefer to mintain it as a genus separate from Asplenium on account of its distinct morphological features. It is to be hoped that more species may come to light in the mountainsin N. W. Yunnan through further exploration now under way.     

武夷山和张家界自然保护区的一些虫生真菌 I. 虫草属

从武夷山和张家界自然保护区发现三虫草新种,武夷山虫草Cordyceps wuyishanensis, 张家界虫草Cordyceps zhangjiajiensis和拟茂兰虫草Cordyceps maolanoides。武夷山虫草和其近缘种的主要区别是,可孕部分柱状、非多年生、子囊孢子不断裂和间细胞长达6～10祄。张家界虫草与其近缘种相比较的鉴别特征为非木质化的较小子座、子囊壳表生和具有较长的(15～23祄)次生子囊孢子。拟茂兰虫草和近缘种茂兰虫草C.maolanoides的形态特征相近,其主要差别是前者的子座和子囊壳都小得多。报道了玫烟色拟青霉Paecilomyces fumosoroseus与蜣螂虫草Cordyceps geotrupis 有密切关系。研究标本保存于贵州大学真菌资源研究室(LFRGU)。     

浙江桂及其相近种的亲缘关系及分类等级探讨

浙江桂、普陀桂和日本桂(天竺桂)是樟属植物中的三个相近种。六十多年以来,围绕着它们的亲缘关系及其分类等级,植物学界展开了反复的讨论,至今仍然存在着较大的分歧。在文献考证的基础上,笔者通过赴模式产地考察与采集鉴定,从比较形态学、扫描电镜观察、种子油脂成份的化学分析和地理分布区等方面,进一步研究了这三个种的异同,认为浙江桂是中国大陆的特有种;普陀桂应当归并入日本桂,作为一个变种处理;日本桂的原变种在中国仅见产于台湾省,而在大陆并无自然分布。     

武夷山和张家界自然保护区的一些虫生真菌 I. 虫草属

从武夷山和张家界自然保护区发现三虫草新种,武夷山虫草Cordyceps wuyishanensis, 张家界虫草Cordyceps zhangjiajiensis 和拟茂兰虫草Cordyceps maolanoides.武夷山虫草和其近缘种的主要区别是,可孕部分柱状、非多年生、子囊孢子不断裂和间细胞长达6～10μm.张家界虫草与其近缘种相比较的鉴别特征为非木质化的较小子座、子囊壳表生和具有较长的(15～23μm)次生子囊孢子.拟茂兰虫草和近缘种茂兰虫草C.maolanoides的形态特征相近,其主要差别是前者的子座和子囊壳都小得多.报道了玫烟色拟青霉Paecilomyces fumosoroseus与蜣螂虫草Cordyceps geotrupis 有密切关系.研究标本保存于贵州大学真菌资源研究室(LFRGU).     

in Vitro Activity of Antimycotic Agents Determined by e-Test Method Against Vaginal Shape Candida Species

Vaginal candidiasis continues to be a common cause of vaginal discharge, pruritus and other local complaints in women worldwide. Although numerous antimycotic agents are available for the treatment of yeast vaginitis there is little comparative data on the in vitro activity of these drugs. The objectives of this study were to isolate and identify the Candida species in the vagina and anus of patients treated in a gynaecology clinic, as well as determine the susceptibility to azolic compounds measured by the E-test method. Vaginal and rectal swabs were collected from 80 adult non-pregnant patients, seen at a gynaecological clinic, aged 18–59 years, with sexual activity, with and without vaginitis. The swabs were processed by methods routinely used for the detection of pathogenic yeasts. The susceptibility of the isolates to fluconazole, ketoconazole and itraconazole, was measured by the agar diffusion method (E-test), using RPMI 1640 medium with 2% glucose and phosphate buffer. Candida species (33) strains were isolated from 17 patients at similar proportions from both anatomical sites, and 12 patients harboured 24 strains of C. albicans in the vaginal and rectal tracts. Twenty one percent of the strains of C. albicans were resistant to ketoconazole, 54% were resistant to itraconazole and 0% were resistant to fluconazole. The sensitivity of strains isolated from the two sites were similar, indicating that these are strains of the same phenotype. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

尾孢菌属五个新种

本文报道尾孢菌属五个新种,即美人蕉尾孢(Cercospora cannae Bai,Liu et Guo,sp.nov.),败酱尾孢(C.patriniae Liu et Guo,sp.nov.),骆驼蓬尾孢(C.pegani Liu et Guo,sp.nov.),旌节花尾孢(C.stachyuricola Liu et Guo,sp.nov.)和安息香尾孢(C.styracicola Liuet Guo,sp.nov.)。文中对各个新种作了汉文描述和附图,并有拉丁文特征简介。模式标本收藏于中国科学院真菌标本室。     

Cypripedium wumengense and Its Allies

In addition to describing a new species, Cypripedium wumengense, as well as a new variety, C. bardolphianum var. zhongdianense, nomenclatural and taxonomic notes are made on its allies and the division to which they belong. They are ltrge]y found in the Hengduan Mountains in southwestern China, characterized by the absence of bract, havirg lip more or less covered with small wart-like outgrowths, and that as the capsule matures the scape becomes much elongated. Six species of this group have hitherto been reported, of which, however, C. ebracteatum and C. nutans are regarded here as conspecific with C. fargesii and C. bardolphianum respectively. Thus, including the new taxa described here, it composes five species and one variety: C. bardolphianum W. W. Sm. et Farrer (var. bardolphianum and var. zhongdianense S. C. Chen), C. micranthum Franch., C. fargesii Franch., C. margaritaceum Franch. and C. wumengense S. C. Chen. They are all grouped here into the same section, Sect. Trigonopedium (Franch.) Pfitz., the oldest legitimate name of this group in the rank of section.     

Evolution of temperature responses in the Cladophora vagabunda complex and the C. albida/sericea complex (Chlorophyta)

Differentiation in temperature responses (survival and growth) was investigated among isolates of two tropical to temperate green algal lineages: the Cladophora vagabunda complex and the C. albida/sericea complex. The results were analysed in relation to published data on 18S rRNA and ITS sequence divergence, which have shown that the overall degree of genetic divergence is similar in the two lineages but that very different patterns of radiation have occurred. In the C. vagabunda complex, the two main clades in the well-resolved phylogenetic tree differed mainly in their tolerance to low temperatures. Within-clade variation was no stronger in the Atlantic/Pacific than in the all-Pacific clade. In the C. albida/sericea complex, six distinctive ITS types indicated early radiation. Although distinctive differences were found between some of these types, the thermal responses of others were very similar, indicating physiological stasis. In both lineages there was evidence for some adaptation to local temperature regimes but phylogenetic constraints were generally more important. Isolates with the same ITS sequences showed similar temperature responses even though collected from different climate zones. Evidence was found for a physiological trade-off between growth at high and at low temperatures in the C. albida/sericea complex, whereas, in the C. vagabunda complex, one clade showed more eurythermal growth responses than the other. In the C. vagabunda complex, which is the ancestral lineage of the C. albida/sericea complex, major differentiation was found in cold tolerance but not in heat tolerance, whereas the reverse pattern was found in the derived C. albida/sericea complex. These findings suggest that an acquisition of cold tolerance preceded the loss of heat tolerance during adaptation to colder climates.     

枝孢属4个吉林省新记录种

记录枝孢属(Cladosporium Link)4个吉林省新记录种:连翘枝孢(C. forsytiae Z.Y.Zhanget T.Zhang)、三宅枝孢(C.miyakei Saccardoet Trotter)、柳枝孢(C.salicis Moseszet Smarods)、黑星状枝孢(C.venturicides Saccardo)。文中对这些种分别进行了描述,并附有线条图。标本保存于吉林农业大学菌物标本室(HMJAU)。     

几种虫草属真菌的学名订正

本文合格发表虫草属两个变型的名称,即Cordyceps militaris f.albina(蛹虫草白化变型)和C.ophioglossoides f.alba(大团囊虫草白化变型),并提出新名称C.shimizui(清水虫草)以代替非法的晚出同名C.chichibuensis Kobayasi & Shimizu,同时也证实C.shanxiensis(山西虫草)的合格发表地位。Cordyceps purpureostramata f.recurvata是一个不合格名称,其模式标定可以从原白中提供的照片得到线索。虫草属下分类单元作者的准确引证和一些种或种下分类单元拉丁名加词的正确拼法也在此作了讨论。     

大花蕙兰与兰属植物种间杂交研究

进行了大花蕙兰、墨兰、建兰、纹瓣兰、兔耳兰等兰属植物的种间远缘杂交实验.在52个杂交组合中,86.5%的杂交组合具明显的子房膨大和果荚发育,但授粉4个月后未变黄落果的杂交果仅占组合数32.7%,经胚胎培养获得植株的杂交组合只占组合数的19.2%.大花蕙兰×墨兰与墨兰×大花蕙兰的杂交成功率有较大的差异.     

中国齿裂菌属研究IV

报道我国齿裂菌属的5个分类单元,其中多角齿裂菌Coccomyces multangularis Y.R.Lin & Z.Z.Lisp.nov.,中国齿裂菌C.sinensis Y.R. Lin &Z.Z.Lisp.nov.和山矾齿裂菌C.symploci Y.R.Lin & Z.Z.Lisp.nov.是新种,辐射状齿裂菌C.radiatusSherw.为中国新记录。提供了新种的拉丁文简介、汉文描述和形态特征图。模式标本存放在安徽农业大学森林保护教研室(AAUFP)。