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1.
Cytotoxic antibodies against mouse mammary tumour cells, L-cells and hepatoma 22a cells have been found in the serum of C3H/f and C3H/He mice over 8 months of age. Analogues antibodies were found in the serum of young and old BALB/c mice, but not in C57BL/6 mice. The cytotoxic activity of antimammary tumour cell serum has been completely abolished by its depletion by renal tissue of syngeneic and allogeneic animals.  相似文献   

2.
Two transgenic lineages were generated by directing the expression of SV40 T antigen to the mammary gland of inbred C57BL/6J mice using the whey acidic protein (WAP) promoter. In one lineage, WAPTag 1, multiparous female mice developed mammary adenocarcinoma with an average latency period of 13 months. The histopathological phenotype was heterogeneous, tumours occurred in a stochastic fashion, normal tissue was located next to neoplastic tissue, the mammary tumours usually developed and were remarkably similar to that observed in human cases. In addition, male and virgin females developed a poorly differentiated SV40 T antigen-positive soft tissue sarcoma, also at 13 months of age. In the other lineage, WAPTag 3, some parous females developed mammary tumours, but most mice succumbed to osteosarcomas arising from the os petrosum at 5.5 to 6 months of age and on necropsy, renal adenocarcinomas were also found. Appearance of these unexpected tumour types demonstrates the non-specific e...  相似文献   

3.
The total count, spontaneous proliferation and proliferative response of thymic and spleen T-cells in mixed lymphocyte culture and Con A-induced suppressor activity do not reveal significant disorders in 10-14-month A/Sn and C3H/He mice with spontaneous mammary tumors (weight under 2-3 g). However, these indices are quite different in varying age (2, 6, 12 month) A/Sn mice and C57Bl/6 mice with low rates of spontaneous tumors. The analysis of thymus-dependent immunity changes observed with age shows that relatively intensive migration of nonmature thymocytes, T-suppressor precursors is noted in mice with high cancer incidence. This phenomenon is considered to be one of major mechanisms regulating immune response in spontaneous-carcinogenesis.  相似文献   

4.
AIM: Helicobacter pylori is known to enhance gastric carcinogenesis induced by chemical carcinogens. We previously demonstrated that infection with H. pylori strain SS1 did not enhance such carcinogenesis in C57BL/6 mice. Whether this result was due to the bacterial strain SS1 or to the experimental host, C57BL/6 mice, should be addressed. Therefore, we examined whether H. pylori strains introduced to the same host (Mongolian gerbils) differed in carcinogenicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: H. pylori TN2GF4 strain (CagA(+), VacA(+)) and SS1 strain (CagA functionally(-), VacA(-)) were infected to Mongolian gerbils (n = 126). In the first experiment (induction of gastritis), histologic change in gastric mucosa of gerbils infected by H. pylori (TN2GF4, SS1, vehicle) without N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) at 1 month or 6 months was assessed. In the second experiment (experimental carcinogenesis), H. pylori (TN2GF4, SS1, vehicle) was inoculated to the gerbils after administration of MNU for 10 weeks, and the number of cancers and histopathologic changes at week 54 were assessed. RESULTS: In the first experiment, activity and inflammation in the TN2GF4 group were significantly greater than in the SS1 group at 1 month, while no significant difference was noted at 6 months. On the other hand, intestinal metaplasia and atrophy were significantly greater with TN2GF4 than with SS1 at 6 months but not at 1 month. In studies on experimental carcinogenesis, microscopically, 47.8% (11/23), 26% (7/26), and 0% (0/26), of animals had gastric adenocarcinoma in the MNU + TN2GF4 group, MNU + SS1 group, and MNU alone group, respectively. CONCLUSION: Both H. pylori strains, TN2GF4 and SS1, promoted carcinogenesis in Mongolian gerbils. The severity of gastritis and destruction and restoration of gastric mucosa may be related to gastric carcinogenesis. That the SS1 strain significantly accelerated carcinogenesis only in Mongolian gerbils and not in C57BL/6 mice suggests the crucial role of host factors in carcinogenesis by H. pylori infection.  相似文献   

5.
Amyloid deposition in 11 inbred strains of mice (A/J, SJL/J, DDD, C57BL/6J, B10.BR, C57BL/10, B10A/SgSn, C3H/HeMs, B10A(5R), DBA/2 and C57BL/6Cr5/c) was studied using the peroxidase antiperoxidase (PAP) method and antisera against ASSAM and murine protein AA. Among the 170 mice examined, in 77 (45.3%) from the nine strains other than C3H/HeMs and DBA/2, there was evidence of spontaneous amyloid deposits in routine histological sections. Immunohistochemical studies using 54 mice with amyloid deposition, demonstrated ASSAM deposition in 45 mice (83.3%) in all nine strains, although the incidence and intensity of the deposition differed somewhat between strains. SJL/J and A/J had ASSAM deposits from the age of 8 months and the incidence increased with advancing age. In the other seven strains, ASSAM was first deposited at an older age than in the SJL/J and A/J strains. In A J, C57BL/6J, C57BL/10, B10.BR, B10A(5R) and C57BL/6Cr5/c, protein AA often coexisted with ASSAM. The distribution pattern of the ASSAM deposits was similar to that observed among the SAM strains. Thus, ASSAM is an ubiquitously distributed senile amyloid protein in the mouse. Determination of the molecular type of apoA-II, a serum precursor of ASSAM, among all 11 strains using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed the SAM-P/1 type apoA-II variant in SJL/J and A/J strains with a high susceptibility to ASSAM deposition. We concluded from this study that amino acid substitution in precursor apoA-II may be responsible for the early onset and severe amyloid deposition in the mouse.  相似文献   

6.
DBA/2FG-pcy and C57BL/6FG-pcy congenic strains were established by transferring the polycystic kidney disease gene, pcy, to DBA/2 and C57BL/6 mice. We carried out pathological and hematological examinations of these strains at 4, 8, 16 and 30 weeks of age. In DBA/2FG-pcy mice more than 8 weeks of age, macroscopic renal cysts were observed on the surface of both kidneys. Their kidneys weight was significantly greater than in DBA/2 mice at all ages examined. Microscopic renal cysts were evenly distributed at 4, 8 and 16 weeks of age. At 30 weeks of age, the kidneys were filled with numerous polycysts. In C57BL/6FG-pcy mice, no macroscopic renal cysts were found until the animals were 30 weeks old, and the weight of their kidneys was greater than in B6 mice of the same age. From 8 weeks of age on, a limited number of microscopic renal cysts was observed, and many renal cysts were found adjacent to the enlarged Bowman's capsules. With age, the red blood cell count and hematocrit level decreased while the platelet count increased in both strains, with greater changes occurring in DBA/2FG-pcy mice than in C57 BL/6FG-pcy mice. These findings demonstrate that polycystic kidney disease exhibits strain differences in animals with a DBA/2 and C57BL/6 background. Our results suggest that phenotypic expression of the pcy gene in the mouse depends on genetic background, and that variations in the severity of human polycystic kidney disease may be explained, at least in part, by individual differences in genetic background.  相似文献   

7.
Radiation-induced thymic lymphoma in mice is a useful model for studying both the mechanism of radiation carcinogenesis and genetic susceptibility to tumor development. Using array-comparative genomic hybridization, we analyzed genome-wide changes in DNA copy numbers in radiation-induced thymic lymphomas that had developed in susceptible C57BL/6 and resistant C3H mice and their hybrids, C3B6F1 and B6C3F1 mice. Besides aberrations at known relevant genetic loci including Ikaros and Bcl11b and trisomy of chromosome 15, we identified strain-associated genomic imbalances on chromosomes 5, 10 and 16 and strain-unassociated trisomy of chromosome 14 as frequent aberrations. In addition, biallelic rearrangements at Tcrb were detected more frequently in tumors from C57BL/6 mice than in those from C3H mice, suggesting aberrant V(D)J recombination and a possible link with tumor susceptibility. The frequency and spectrum of these copy-number changes in lymphomas from C3B6F1 and B6C3F1 mice were similar to those in C57BL/6 mice. Furthermore, the loss of heterozygosity analyses of tumors in F(1) mice indicated that allelic losses at Ikaros and Bcl11b were caused primarily by multilocus deletions, whereas those at the Cdkn2a/Cdkn2b and Pten loci were due mainly to uniparental disomy. These findings provide important clues to both the mechanisms for accumulation of aberrations during radiation-induced lymphomagenesis and the different susceptibilities of C57BL/6 and C3H mice.  相似文献   

8.
IN C57BL/6 mice, infection with the radiation leukaemia virus is age dependent and leukaemogenesis is highly effective only when the virus is inoculated shortly after birth1,2, but several months elapse before the disease is actually manifested. Why is there such a long latent period before the leukaemic cells proliferate into a palpable tumour, especially as in the newborn mouse the target organ for the development of the disease, the thymus, is still in a proliferative stage, with abundance of immature lymphoid cells and an incompetent immunological system?  相似文献   

9.
Strain-specific differences contributing to spontaneous age-related peripheral nerve changes were examined in three different strains of 100-week-old female mice housed under the same conditions over the same period: inbred C57BL and C3H strains, and the hybrid B6C3F1 strain. A lower incidence of obesity and significantly lower body weight, grasping power of fore- and hind-limbs, blood lipid level, tail-flick latency and motor nerve conduction velocity were observed in C57BL mice; significantly lower body temperature, blood glucose and HbA1c levels were observed in C3H mice. Histological examination conducted on isolated sciatic nerves and brachial plexuses revealed peripheral nerve lesions, characterized by axonal degeneration and remyelination, in all strains. Although the extent of histopathologic change in nerve fibers was similar in quality to those observed in all three mouse strains, the incidence and severity of nerve lesions in B6C3F1 and C3H mice were significantly greater than those observed in C57BL mice.  相似文献   

10.
Adrenal gland homogenates from four different strains of mice were incubated with (4-14 C)-pregnenolone and a NADPH generating system. The most important androgen synthesized was dehydroepiandrosterone; testosterone and progesterone were synthesized to a lesser extent and the production of androstenedione was very low. The highest synthetic activities were found in the high mammary tumor strain of mice (C3H x RIII) Fl; they were increased by ovariectomy, particularly when performed at two months of age. In the other strains, they were lower, specially in the low mammary tumor strain C 57 BL. However, the 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase / delta 5, 4 isomerase activity was not modified by ovariectomy in the high mammary tumor strain whereas it was increased in the low mammary tumor strains. These results indicate that the androgen synthesis in mouse adrenal depends on factors such as age, sex, endocrine status (ovariectomy) but also on susceptibility to mammary tumor development.  相似文献   

11.
Scheimpflug imaging has recently been established for in vivo imaging of the anterior eye segment and quantitative determination of lens transparency in the mouse. This enables more effective investigations of cataract formation with the mouse model, including longitudinal studies. In order to enable recognition of disease-associated irregularities, we performed Scheimpflug measurements with the common laboratory inbred lines C57BL/6J, C3HeB/FeJ, FVB/NCrl, BALB/cByJ, and 129/SvJ in a period between 2 and 12 months of age. C57BL/6J mice showed lowest mean lens densities during the test period. Progressive cortical lens opacification was generally observed, with the earliest onset in C57BBL/6J, C3HeB/FeJ, and 129/SvJ, between 2 and 6 months after birth. Moreover, lenses of these inbred lines developed nuclear opacities. Calculated mean lens density significantly increased between 6 and 12 months of age in all inbred strains except 129/SvJ. Lens densities (and the corresponding standard deviations) of FVB/NCrl and 129/SvJ increased most likely because of differences in the genetic background. Albinism as confounder might be excluded since the albino Balb/cByJ mice are more similar to the C57BL/6J or C3Heb/FeJ mice. We further identified strain-specific anterior lens opacities (C57BL/6J) and cloudy corneal lesions (C57BL/6J, FVB/NCrl, and BALB/cByJ) at later stages. In conclusion, our results indicate that there are lifelong opacification processes in the mouse lens. The highest lens transparency and a dark coat color, which prevents interference from light reflections, make mice with the C57BL/6J background most suitable for cataract research by Scheimpflug imaging. We show that lens densitometry by Scheimpflug imaging in mouse eyes can resolve differences of less than 1 %, making it possible to detect differences in cataract development in different mouse strains, even if they are small.  相似文献   

12.
The effect of age on the appearance of anti-idiotype (Id)-blocked, hapten-augmentable plaque-forming cells (PFC) in various strains of mice was investigated. Strains of mice at 2 and 6-11 months of age were immunized with 500 micrograms trinitrophenylated bovine gamma-globulin (TNP-BGG) in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) intraperitoneally. Splenic IgM and IgG anti-TNP PFC responses were assayed for anti-Id-blocked, hapten-augmentable PFC 14 days after immunization. It was found that strains differ with regard to the age at which they produce anti-Id-blocked, hapten-augmentable PFC. C57BL/6J (B6), DBA/1J, and C3H/HeJ mice produced a significantly high percentage of hapten-augmentable IgG anti-TNP PFC at 8-9 months of age as compared with the 2-month-old group. In contrast, 129/J, AKR/J, and C57L/J mice produced a significantly low percentage of hapten-augmentable PFC at 6-7 months of age as compared with the 2-month-old group. The CBA/J mice were high-hapten-augmentable plaque producers at both 2 and 7 months of age. SJL/J mice were, on the other hand, low producers at 2 and 11 months of age. Immune sera from high hapten-augmentable plaque-producing strains caused a hapten-reversible block of plaque formation by spleen cells from TNP-BGG-immune C57BL/6J mice and also revealed anti-(anti-TNP F(ab')2-IgG) titer as assayed by passive hemagglutination. This PFC-inhibiting activity in the immune sera of old C57BL/6J mice was an antibody of the IgG2a and IgG3 classes, lacked anti-TNP antibody activity, but reacted with anti-TNP antibody of C57BL/6J origin. Genetic analysis between high hapten-augmentable plaque production and allotypes in the (129/J X B6) crosses of the same H-2b haplotypes revealed that all of the backcrosses and F2 with high hapten-augmentable plaque production had the Igh-1a allele of the high-producer, 129/J mouse. In contrast, the crosses with low hapten-augmentable plaque production were homozygous for the Igh-1b allele of the low-producer, B6 mouse. The data suggest strain differences in the development of auto-anti-idiotypic antibody regulation with age which may be controlled by a gene(s) linked to the Igh-C locus.  相似文献   

13.
I G Lil'p 《Genetika》1984,20(2):260-265
No differences were found in both the baseline and mitomycin C induced levels of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) between 101/H and C57BL/6J mice differing in chromosome mutability. An increase with the age of the spontaneous and mutagen induced SCE rates was similar in the strains compared, though instability of chromosomes was much higher in old 101/H than in C57BL/6J mice. Thus, no correlation was observed between chromosomal aberration and SCE levels in these strains. As 101/H mice were recently found to be DNA repair-deficient, possible connection of SCE and repair is discussed.  相似文献   

14.
The pituitary prolactin and growth hormone (GH) levels were determined by disc electrophoresis on 10% polyacrylamide gel during the virginal and pregnant stages and on Day 12 of lactation, using C3H/He and C57BL/6 mice. The former had been shown to be superior to the latter in both mammary development and lactational performance. The pituitary prolactin levels were significantly higher in C3H/He mice than in C57BL/6 mice during the virginal and pregnant stages. However, no strain differences existed in the prolactin levels on Day 12 of lactation. Little difference in the prolactin levels was found between estrus and diestrus, and the levels declined gradually with the advance of pregnancy in both strains. The levels decreased after 1 hr of suckling preceded by 8-hr removal of young on Day 12 of lactation in both strains, but the difference between before and after suckling was statistically significant only in C3H/He mice. Both pituitary GH content and concentration were significantly higher in C3H/He mice than in C57BL/6 mice during the virginal stage and the content was also higher in C3H/He mice during the pregnant stage. However, there existed no strain difference in the levels on Day 12 of lactation. Little change in the pituitary GH levels was observed during the different reproductive states in both strains.  相似文献   

15.
When compared with C57BL/6By mice, BALB/cBy mice had testes that were 41% heavier at 60 days of age and seminiferous tubules that were 41% greater in cross-sectional area at 120 days. Absolute testicular weight did not increase between 60 and 120 days of age in either C57BL/6By or C57BL/10ScSn mice but did in BALB mice, paralleling changes in the size of the seminiferous tubules. Significant testicular growth took place over this age period in mice of all seven of the CXB recombinant-inbred (RI) strains of mice derived from a cross of the BALB/cBy and C57BL/6By strains. The wide range of phenotypes shown by adult recombinant mice, which ranged from those with significantly heavier testes than BALB to those with testes the same size (at 60 days) as those of C57BL/10ScSn mice, implied the existence of several separable factors affecting testicular size in adults. At 30 days of age the RI lines fell into two groups; one with small testes like C57BL/6By and the other with larger testes like BALB/cBy mice. The segregation pattern for prepubertal testicular weight was identical to that for the H-2 histocompatibility locus.  相似文献   

16.
Antibody response against hamster red blood cells (H-RBC) was examined in inbred strains of C57BL/6, AKR, C3H/He, DDD and SL mice, and outbred CF1 mice. 1) There were strain differences in antibody response after a primary intravenous injection of H-RBC. DDD, SL and CF1 mice belonged to high-responder strains, while C57BL/6, AKR and C3H/He to low-responder strains. In the spleens of immunized CF1 and SL, 40 to 70 times as many plaque-forming cells (PFC) as those in C57BL/6 mice were detected. The magnitudes of the response were: CF1 ≒ SL>DDD>>C3H/He ? AKR>C57BL/6. 2) 2-mercaptoethanol resistant (MER) antibody was detected in neither low- nor high-responders after a primary intravenous antigen-injection. 3) After a secondary intravenous antigen-injection, MER antibody was detected in all the SL mice, but only in 30 to 50% of AKR and C57BL/6 mice. 4) A subcutaneous injection of H-RBC in Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) did not elicit antibody production within 10 days. When mice pre-sensitized 7 days in advance wTith H-RBC in FCA were intravenously injected with H-RBC, enhanced antibody production of the primary type was observed in all the mouse strains. 5) In pre-sensitized mice, the extent of the enhancement of antibody production was the highest in low-responder C57BL/6 mice and the lowest in high-responder SL and CF1 strains. Thus, there was no strain difference in antibody titers or the numbers of PFC after the booster.  相似文献   

17.
In the present study, we investigated the influences of a high fat diet (HD) fed for 12 weeks, on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme using 4-hydroxy-2E-nonenal (HNE)-modified proteins (HNE-mp) and Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) in the hippocampal CA1 region (CA1) in C57BL/6N and C3H/HeN mice. Body weights and body weight gains were significantly higher in HD fed C57BL/6N mice than in low fat diet (LD) fed C57BL/6N and LD or HD fed C3H/HeN mice. In the HD fed C57BL/6N and C3H/HeN mice, HNE-mp immunoreactivity and protein levels were much higher than in the LD fed C57BL/6N or C3H/HeN mice. In particular, HNE-mp immunoreactivity and protein levels in HD fed C57BL/6N mice was higher than that in the HD fed C3H/HeN mice. SOD1 immunoreaction was detected in the non-pyramidal cells of C57BL/6N mice, while in the C3H/HeN mice SOD1 immunoreaction was observed in CA1 pyramidal cells. The SOD1 immunoreactivity in the LD fed C57BL/6N and C3H/HeN mice was slightly, but not significantly decreased compared to that in the HD fed C57BL/6N and C3H/HeN mice, respectively. In addition, ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1) immunoreactive microglia in the HD fed C57BL/6N showed hypertrophy of cytoplasm, which is the characteristics of activated microglia. These results suggest that HD fed C57BL/6N mice are more susceptible to lipid peroxidation in the CA1 than in LD fed C57BL/6N and LD or HD fed C3H/HeN mice without any differences of SOD1 expression. In Koo Hwang and Il Yong Kim have contributed equally to this article.  相似文献   

18.
19.
To test whether transgenic Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) expression in C57BL/6 mouse lymphocytes causes lymphoma, EBNA1 expressed in three FVB lineages at two or three times the level of latent infection was crossed up to six successive times into C57BL/6J mice. After five or six crosses, 14/36, (38%) EBNA1 transgenic mice, 11/31 (36%) littermate EBNA1-negative controls, and 9/25 (36%) inbred C57BL/6J mice housed in the same facility had lymphoma. These data indicate that EBNA1 does not significantly increase lymphoma prevalence in C57BL/6J mice.  相似文献   

20.
Eight strains of mice were examined for their susceptibilities to intraperitoneal infection with AS-6 strain of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). 1) C3H/He mice suffered from a high mortality as well as infection rate. 2) C57BL/6, RR, NC and KK mice showed approximately the same infection rates as C3H/He, while these strains showed significantly lower mortalities than C3H/He. 3) AA, BALB/c and ddY mice showed no death and had the lowest infection rates among the eight strains. There was no difference in the virus recovery from six visceral organs (except the brain) between C3H/He, C57BL/6 and AA. Despite the equal degree of preceding viremia, the incidence of encephalitis was much lower in C57BL/6 than in C3H/He. The same strain difference as the above was also observed in C3H/He and C57BL/6 by intravenous inoculation with JEV. However, there was no difference in mortality between C3H/He and C57BL/6 mice when intracerebrally inoculated with JEV. The incubation period and survival time in the intracerebral inoculation were shorter than in the intraperitoneal and intravenous inoculations. The three types of strains were characterized: the first (C3H/He) was highly susceptible to both visceral phase infection (VI) and nervous phase infection (NI): the second (C57BL/6) was susceptible to VI but resistant to NI, and the third (AA) was probably resistant to VI and highly resistant to NI.  相似文献   

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