67ku层黏连蛋白受体促进肝癌细胞MMP-2和MMP-9的表达

目的 研究分析67ku层黏连蛋白受体（laminin receptor,67LR）与肝癌细胞基质金属蛋白酶（matrix metalloproteinases,MMPs）及其组织抑制因子（tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases,TIMPs）表达的关系,探讨67LR促进肝癌细胞体外侵袭能力的分子机制.方法 以67LR转染HepG2的稳定细胞株及其对照细胞为材料,采用半定量RT-PCR分析目前已知的23种MMPs和4种TIMPs的表达及变化情况,对表达有变化的基因采用荧光定量PCR进行验证,采用明胶酶谱分析MMP活性的变化。结果 半定量RT-PCR和荧光定量PCR发现,67LR高表达的LR4细胞,其MMP2,9的表达比67LR低表达的LR6及对照组pcDNA-1细胞明显升高,明胶酶谱分析也揭示,LR4细胞分泌的MMP-2和MMP-9的活性明显上升。结论 67LR可以促进肝癌细胞MMP-2和MMP-9的表达和分泌,从而促进肝癌细胞体外侵袭能力。     

Le^Y寡糖单克隆抗体对小鼠胚泡基质金属蛋白酶表达和分泌的影响

以LeY 寡糖特异性单克隆抗体AH6为工具中和胚泡表面LeY 寡糖后 ,通过RT PCR、明胶酶谱法、免疫印迹法等方法 ,在体外研究了着床前小鼠胚泡表面LeY 寡糖抗原与其基质金属蛋白酶 (MMP)、金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子 (TIMP1)的表达和分泌之间的关系。结果显示 :胚泡表面LeY 寡糖抗原被中和后仅 1.5h ,胚泡MMP2和MMP9基因转录表达明显下降、而TIMP1基因转录表达则略有升高 ;随后抗体中和引起胚泡MMP2、MMP9的分泌减少 ,而TIMP1的分泌则未见明显变化。结果表明胚泡表面的LeY 寡糖抗原对着床前胚泡的MMP的合成和分泌具有调节作用 ,而且这种作用可能主要是通过调节相应的MMP2和MMP9基因的表达而引起的     

肝脱细胞基质溶液包被对HepG2细胞增殖及基质金属蛋白酶活性的影响

目的:建立由猪肝组织制备肝脱细胞基质溶液的新方法,并研究基质溶液包被对人肝癌细胞HepG2增殖及基质金属蛋白酶活性的影响。方法:对猪肝脏进行脱细胞处理,经研磨、冻干及胃蛋白酶消化制备肝脱细胞基质溶液,利用此基质溶液包被聚苯乙烯培养表面,进行HepG2细胞体外培养,并使用CCK-8、实时定量PCR、明胶酶谱等检测细胞增殖以及基质金属蛋白酶的基因表达和活性。结果:建立了由猪肝组织制备肝脱细胞基质溶液的新方法。与未包被组相比,脱细胞基质溶液包被培养显著促进HepG2细胞增殖,其细胞周期蛋白cyclin D1的基因表达增高,为未包被组的1.95倍(P0.01)。此外,脱细胞基质溶液包被组HepG2细胞的MMP14基因表达为未包被组的2.01倍(P0.05),明胶酶谱检测基质溶液包被组细胞的MMP9活性为未包被组的6.66倍(P0.01)。结论:肝脱细胞基质溶液包被培养可显著促进HepG2细胞增殖并提高其MMP9的活性,在构建模拟肝癌微环境培养体系中具有一定的应用潜力。     

四周尾部悬吊大鼠颈总动脉MMP9和TIMP1的表达及活性改变

目的:探讨四周尾部悬吊模拟失重大鼠颈总动脉基质金属蛋白酶(matrix metalloprotein9,MMP9)和金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂1(tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase1,TIMP1)的基因、蛋白表达及酶活性变化。方法:采用4周(week,wk)尾部悬吊大鼠模拟失重影响,通过透射电镜检测颈总动脉壁基质含量,实时定量聚合酶链式反应检测MMP9和TIMP1的mRNA表达,Western blot和免疫组织化学染色检测其蛋白表达和分布,明胶酶谱法测定MMP9活性水平。结果:与对照组相比,悬吊组大鼠细胞外基质面积较对照组显著增加(P0.05),胶原蛋白含量显著增加(P0.05);悬吊组大鼠颈总动脉MMP9的m RNA表达量无明显改变,而其蛋白表达量和酶活性均显著降低(P0.05);TIMP1 mRNA和蛋白表达量则显著升高(P0.05)。结论:模拟失重使大鼠颈总动脉MMP9水平降低,TIMP1水平升高,可能与其管壁基质增生和胶原蛋白含量增加有关。     

酶谱法测定肝星状细胞合成的基质金属蛋白酶活性

目的：建立检测肝星状细胞（HSC）合成的基质金属蛋白酶（MMPs）活性的方法。方法：用含SDS－明胶的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳为基础的酶谱法,检测体外培养的HSC所合成的MMPs活性。结果：酶谱法能灵敏地检测到HSC细胞内和分泌到培养基中的MMP－2和MMP－9,培养基中MMP－2活性高子MMP－9,并观察到药物作用以后酶活性的改变。结论：酶谱法是研究HSC调节肝纤维化过程中细胞外基质（ECM）代谢的有效手段。     

胞质M-CSF诱导HeLa细胞侵袭和迁移

为探讨巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(M-CSF)对人宫颈癌细胞(He La细胞)侵袭和迁移的影响及机制,采用胞质定位空载体p CMV/cyto/myc与重组载体p CMV/cyto/myc-M-CSF稳定转染He La细胞株,建立稳定高表达胞质M-CSF的细胞系(He La-M细胞).经Transwell实验观察胞质M-CSF对He La细胞侵袭和迁移能力的影响,逆转录-聚合酶链式反应及蛋白质印迹检测细胞Rho三磷酸鸟苷酶(Rho GTPases)及基质金属酶的表达,明胶酶谱法检测基质金属蛋白酶2的活性.结果显示,与转染空载体的He La细胞(He La-C细胞)和对照组He La细胞比较,胞质M-CSF的高表达可明显增强He La细胞在体外的侵袭和迁移能力,其机制与Rho GTPases的活化,以及MMP2表达上调及其活性增高密切相关.     

环孢素A对人早孕期滋养细胞MMP-9与MMP-2表达的调控作用

本研究的目的是探讨环孢素A对人早孕期滋养细胞侵袭能力及基质金属蛋白酶9与2 (matrix metalloproteinase 9 and 2,简称MMP-9与MMP-2)表达的调节作用,为治疗反复自然流产等妊娠疾患提供新的线索。侵袭试验观察CsA对人早孕期滋养细胞侵袭能力的调节作用;RT-PCR与明胶酶谱分析CsA对滋养细胞MMP-9与MMP-2 mRNA及蛋白水平表达的影响;In-cell West- ern检测CsA作用后滋养细胞ERK1/2磷酸化水平。结果发现,1．0μmol/L CsA明显增强滋养细胞侵袭能力,MEK激酶抑制剂U0126可抑制CsA对滋养细胞的促侵袭作用;1．0μmol/L CsA可诱导MMP- 9与MMP-2基因的转录与蛋白分泌;该诱导效应同样可被U0126所阻滞;1．0μmol/L CsA以时间依赖方式促进ERK1/2的磷酸化。结果表明,CsA可激活ERK1/2,通过MAPK/ERK1/2途径促进滋养细胞MMP-9与MMP-2基因的转录与蛋白分泌,从而增强滋养细胞的侵袭能力,对滋养细胞生物学功能具有良性调节作用。     

胰腺应激蛋白PSP/reg抑制胰腺星状细胞TIMPs:MMPs及RECK表达

目的 观察胰腺应激蛋白PSP/reg对胰腺星状细胞(PSC)合成和分泌基质金属蛋白酶(MMPs)及其组织抑制剂(TIMPs)以及RECK表达的影响.方法 分离纯化慢性胰腺炎患者纤维化区的PSC,基因重组胰腺应激蛋白PSP/reg,以终浓度为10和100 ng/mL对PSC进行干预,实时荧光定量PCR检测MMP1/2、TIMP1/2及RECK基因表达,Western blot测定MMP1/2、TIMP1/2及RECK蛋白,细胞免疫荧光观察细胞膜表面RECK分布.结果 PSP/reg对MMP1/2、TIMP1/2及RECK表达无明显影响;PSP/reg轻度抑制PSC培养上清中MMP2水平(P＜0.05),而显著抑制TIMP1/2水平(P ＜0.01);PSC细胞膜表面发现有RECK蛋白,PSP/reg减少PSC的RECK含量(P＜0.01).结论 胰腺应激蛋白PSP/reg能够降低TIMPs:MMPs比率、减少RECK蛋白水平表达,从而解除对MMPs的部分抑制,使MMPs活性相对增高,有利于纤维化的分解消散,促进胰腺损伤后的再生修复.     

三氧化二砷对胶质瘤U251细胞侵袭迁移和MMP2表达的影响

目的:研究三氧化二砷(As2O3)在体外对胶质瘤U251细胞侵袭迁移及金属基质蛋白酶2(MMP2)表达的影响。方法:采用台盼兰法(MTT法)观察As2O3对U251细胞粘附能力的影响;Transwell侵袭小室测定法检测As2O3对U251细胞侵袭能力的影响;明胶酶谱实验和逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法观察As2O3对金属基质蛋白酶2(Matrix metalloproteinase2,MMP2)在U251细胞中表达的影响。结果:As2O3能够降低U251细胞粘附能力,Transwell实验中药物处理组穿膜细胞数明显低于对照组(P<0.01),As2O3不但降低MMP2前体蛋白的表达,而且影响其mRNA的表达。结论:As2O3能够有效抑制胶质瘤U251细胞的侵袭迁移,其作用机制可能与As2O3下调胶质瘤U251细胞中MMP2的表达有关。     

三氧化二砷对胶质瘤U251细胞侵袭迁移和MMP2表达的影响

目的:研究三氧化二砷(As2O3)在体外对胶质瘤U251细胞侵袭迁移及金属基质蛋白酶2(MMP2)表达的影响.方法:采用台盼兰法(MTT法)观察As2O3对U251细胞粘附能力的影响;Transwell侵袭小室测定法检测As2O3对U251细胞侵袭能力的影响;明胶酶谱实验和逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法观察As2O3对金属基质蛋白酶2(Matrix metalloproteinase2,MMP2)在U251细胞中表达的影响.结果:As2O3能够降低U251细胞粘附能力,Transwell实验中药物处理组穿膜细胞数明显低于对照组(P＜0.01),As2O3不但降低MMP2前体蛋白的表达,而且影响其mRNA的表达.结论:As2O3能够有效抑制胶质瘤U251细胞的侵袭迁移,其作用机制可能与As2O3下调胶质瘤U251细胞中MMP2的表达有关.     

Enhanced expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 by hepatitis B virus infection in liver cells

The hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major cause of human liver disease, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The prognosis for HCC is largely dependent on the clinicopathological characteristics regarding invasion and metastasis. Enhanced matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression has been implicated as playing an important role in metastasis and invasion of HCC. However, the relationship between HBV infection and MMP-9 expression in HCC is currently poorly understood. We report here on a study of the levels of MMP-9 and MMP-2 expression in human fetal liver tissue, rat liver tissue, and Chang, HepG2, and Hep3B cells by gelatin zymography. Among these sources, Hep3B cells, which contain the integrated hepatitis B viral genome, continuously secrete the hepatitis B viral surface antigen, and express HBV genomic RNA, expressed high levels of proMMP-9, and a small amount of active MMP-9 was detected in Hep3B cells as assayed by zymography. We investigated the issue of whether HBV infection affects MMP-9 expression, which is known to play an important role in HCC invasion and metastasis. As a first step, human fetal hepatocyte (HFH) and HepG2 (HCC origin, HBV not detected) cells were subjected to infection with HBV, and the resulting infected cells successfully established are hereafter referred to as HFH-T2 and HepG2-HBV. The expression of MMP-9 was upregulated by the infected HBV in HFH-T2 and HepG2-HBV cells, as assayed by zymography, Northern blot, and Western blot analysis, and small amounts of active MMP-9 were detected in HFH-T2 and HepG2-HBV cells as assayed by zymography. The activation of the immature proMMP-9 to the mature MMP-9 could be induced by plasmin treatment. The activation of proMMP-9 was increased to a greater extent with plasmin treatment than without plasmin in HFH-T2 and HepG2-HBV cells but the addition of recombinant TIMP-1 inhibited the activation of proMMP-9. Finally, the addition of plasmin to the invasion assay using Matrigel resulted in an increase in invasiveness of HFH-T2 and HepG2-HBV cells, as well as MMP-9 activation, but the treatment with TIMP-1 inhibited the invasiveness of HFH-T2 and HepG2-HBV cells as well as MMP-9 activation. We conclude from these findings that HBV infection of hepatocytes and HepG2 cells affected the upregulation of MMP-9 expression and MMP-9 activation and, thus, increased the invasion potential by plasmin. To our knowledge, this is a first report showing that an HBV infection is linked to the upregulation of MMP-9 in HCC.     

Maternal hypoxia increases the activity of MMPs and decreases the expression of TIMPs in the brain of neonatal rats

A recent study has shown that increased activity of matrix metalloproteinases‐2 and metalloproteinases‐9 (MMP‐2 and MMP‐9) has detrimental effect on the brain after neonatal hypoxia. The present study determined the effect of maternal hypoxia on neuronal survivability and the activity of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9, as well as the expression of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase 1 and 2 (TIMP‐1 and TIMP‐2) in the brain of neonatal rats. Pregnant rats were exposed to 10.5% oxygen for 6 days from the gestation day 15 to day 21. Pups were sacrificed at day 0, 4, 7, 14, and 21 after birth. Body weight and brain weight of the pups were measured at each time point. The activity of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 and the protein abundance of TIMP‐1 and TIMP‐2 were determined by zymography and Western blotting, respectively. The tissue distribution of MMPs was examined by immunofluorescence staining. The neuronal death was detected by Nissl staining. Maternal hypoxia caused significant decreases in body and brain size, increased activity of MMP‐2 at day 0, and increased MMP‐9 at day 0 and 4. The increased activity of the MMPs was accompanied by an overall tendency towards a reduced expression of TIMPs at all ages with the significance observed for TIMPs at day 0, 4, and 7. Immunofluorescence analysis showed an increased expression of MMP‐2, MMP‐9 in the hippocampus at day 0 and 4. Nissl staining revealed significant cell death in the hippocampus at day 0, 4, and 7. Functional tests showed worse neurobehavioral outcomes in the hypoxic animals. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 2010     

KAI1/CD82 suppresses tumor invasion by MMP9 inactivation via TIMP1 up-regulation in the H1299 human lung carcinoma cell line

We conducted a study on the mechanism of KAI1/CD82-mediated suppression of tumor invasiveness and metastasis, and examined its effect on MMP-9 activity and the TIMP1 levels in H1299 human non-small cell lung carcinoma cells. The H1299 human lung carcinoma cells were transfected with pcDNA3.1-CD82 and stable transfectant clones that had a high KAI1/CD82 expression were obtained. We performed Western blot analysis, cell invasion assay, gelatin zymography, and RT-PCR to assess the KAI1/CD82 expression and tumor invasiveness, the MMP-9 activity, the MMP-9 mRNA and protein levels, and the TIMP1 levels in the H1299/CD82 transfectant cells and compared the results with those of the control groups. The H1299/CD82 transfectants exhibited significant suppression of cell invasion, reduced MMP9 enzyme activity, elevated MMP9 mRNA and MMP-9 protein levels, and elevated TIMP1 levels. It may be postulated that KAI1/CD82 over-expression in the H1299 non-small cell lung carcinoma cells suppresses the tumor invasiveness and metastatic potential by inducing MMP9 inactivation via the up-regulation of TIMP1.     

Characterization of matrix metalloproteinase expressed by human embryonic kidney cells

There is little information available on the proteases expressed by human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells, which are often used for expression of recombinant proteins and production of adenovirus vector. The expression profile of proteases in HEK cell line was investigated using zymography, mRNA analysis, western blotting and protein array. The major protease was gelatinase A [or matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2]. Beside, other MMPs, such as MMP-1, -2, -3, -8, -9, -10, -13 and membrane type (MT) 1- and 3−MMP, as well as tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1, -2 and -3, were also expressed by HEK cells. Characterization of MMP and TIMP profiles expressed by HEK cells provides the basis for degradation control of recombinant protein and adenovirus vector during culture and purification processes.     

Oxygen-mediated regulation of gelatinase and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 expression by invasive cells.

The relative expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs) is an important determinant in trophoblast invasion of the uterus and tumor invasion and metastasis. Our previous studies have shown that low oxygen levels increase the in vitro invasiveness of trophoblast and tumor cells. The present study examined whether changes in oxygen levels affect TIMP and MMP expression by cultured trophoblast and breast cancer cells. Reverse zymographic analysis demonstrated reduced TIMP-1 protein secretion by HTR-8/SVneo trophoblast cells as well as MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells cultured in 1% vs 20% oxygen for 24 h. While gelatin zymography revealed no changes in the levels of MMP-9 secreted by HTR-8/SVneo trophoblasts cultured under various oxygen concentrations for 24 h, human MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma cells displayed increased MMP-9 secretion and human MCF-7 breast cancer cells exhibited reduced secretion of this enzyme when cultured under similar conditions. In contrast, MMP-2 levels remained unchanged in all cultures incubated under similar conditions. Western blot analysis of MMP-9 protein in cell extracts confirmed the results of zymography. To assess the contribution of enhanced MMP activity to hypoxia-induced invasion, the effect of an MMP inhibitor (llomastat) on the ability of MDA-MB-231 cells to penetrate reconstituted extracellular matrix (Matrigel) was examined. Results showed that MMP inhibition significantly decreased the hypoxic upregulation of invasion by these cells. These findings indicate that the increased cellular invasiveness observed under reduced oxygen conditions may be due in part to a shift in the balance between MMPs and their inhibitors favoring increased MMP activity.     

人组织型基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂-1在Pichia pastoris酵母中重组表达研究

 为研究组织型基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂 (TIMPs)的分子作用机制 ,探讨了在 Pichia pastoris酵母中高效表达分泌型人组织型基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂 - 1 (TIMP- 1 )的技术路线 ,并对产物性质进行初步研究 .通过 PCR从含有 TIMP- 1基因的 p BS质粒获得了该基因的全长序列 ,构建了 p PIC9/T1表达载体 ,电击法转化酵母 ,通过表型筛选和 PCR鉴定证实了目的基因已稳定整合入 Pichiapastoris酵母基因组中 .SDS- PAGE表明表达量高达 40 mg/L培养上清 .用免疫印迹法确定了产物的正确性 ;同时 ,反向明胶酶谱法证明了重组蛋白具有抑制基质金属蛋白酶的活性 .     

基质金属蛋白酶-2、-9及其组织抑制因子(TIMPs)在动情周期大鼠子宫中的表达(英文)

基质金属蛋白酶（ＭＭＰｓ）家族的作用是降解所有细胞外基质,其活性受其特异性组织抑制因子（ＴＩＭＰｓ）的抑制。细胞外基质成分的降解与重组在动物生殖生长过程中起重要作用,其变化可以通过ＭＭＰｓ和ＴＩＭＰｓ两者表达水平的变化进行监测。大鼠虽然没有月经形成,但是在其子宫内膜也出现类似灵长类的生殖生物学变化。本文从ＭＭＰｓ和ＴＩＭＰｓ两者的表达水平,对大鼠子宫内膜的这些变化进行了研究。于大鼠动情周期的不同时期,将其处死、取子宫制备酶粗提液和组织切片,采用酶谱法（ｚｙｍｏｙｒａｎｈｎ）和原位杂交方法研究动情周期大鼠子宫中ＭＭＰ－２和－９的活性变化以及ＭＭＰ－２、－９和ＴＩＭＰ－１、－２、－３ｍＲＮＡ的表达。并通过光密度扫描方法对酶谱结果进行半定量分析。所用杂交探针见Ｔａｂｌｅ１。酶谱结果显示：在动情周期大鼠子宫中只检测到６７ｋＤａ的ＭＭＰ－２活性,而没有检测到ＭＭＰ－９的活性（Ｆｉｇ．１）。ＭＭＰ－２的活性在动情前期最高,动情期和动情后期次之,间情期最低（Ｆｉｇ．２）。原位杂交结果显示：ＭＭＰ－２、－９、ＴＩＭＰ－１、－２、－３ｍＲＮＡ主要在子宫内膜基底部的基质细胞中表达。ＭＭＰ－２和－９ｍＲＮＡ在动情前期、动情期和动     

Thioredoxin alters the matrix metalloproteinase/tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase balance and stimulates human SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cell invasion.

Thioredoxin (Trx) inhibited tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 and TIMP-2 activity with an approximate IC50 of 0.3 microM, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 activity with an approximate IC50 of 2 microM but did not inhibit MMP-9 activity. This differential capacity of Trx to inhibit TIMP and MMP activity resulted in the promotion of MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity in the presence of molar TIMP excess. Inhibition of TIMP and MMP-2 activity by Trx was dependent upon thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), was abolished by Trx catalytic site mutation and did not result from TIMP or MMP-2 degradation. HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells induced to secrete Trx inhibited TIMP activity in the presence of TrxR. SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cells secreted TrxR, which inhibited TIMP and MMP-2 activity in the presence of Trx. Trx stimulated SK-N-SH invasive capacity in vitro in the absence of exogenous TrxR. This study therefore identifies a novel extracellular role for the thioredoxin/thioredoxin reductase redox system in the differential inhibition of TIMP and MMP activity and provides a novel mechanism for altering the TIMP/MMP balance that is of potential relevance to tumor invasion.     

Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) expression in preeclamptic decidua and MMP9 induction by tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 1 beta in human first trimester decidual cells

Extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) invade human decidua via sequential integrin-mediated binding and proteolysis of basement membrane proteins in the extracellular matrix (ECM). In preeclampsia, shallow EVT invasion impairs spiral artery and arteriole remodeling to reduce uteroplacental blood flow. Excess decidual cell-expressed matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 2 and 9, in response to preeclampsia-related interleukin 1 beta (IL1B) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF), may inappropriately degrade these basement membrane proteins and impede EVT invasion. This study found significantly higher immunohistochemical MMP9 levels in decidual cells and adjacent interstitial trophoblasts in placental sections of preeclamptic versus gestational age-matched control women. In contrast, immunostaining for MMP2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases 1 and 2 (TIMP1 and TIMP2) were similar in preeclamptic and control groups. First-trimester decidual cells were incubated with estradiol (E(2)) or E(2) + medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), with or without TNF or IL1B. As measured by ELISA, both cytokines elicited concentration-dependent increases in secreted MMP9 levels that were unaffected by MPA. In contrast, secreted levels of MMP2, TIMP1, and TIMP2 were unchanged in all treatment groups. Substrate gel zymography and Western blotting confirmed that each cytokine increased secreted levels of MMP9 but not MMP2. Similarly, quantitative RT-PCR found that TNF and IL1B enhanced MMP9, but not MMP2, mRNA levels. At the implantation site, inflammatory cytokine-enhanced MMP9 may promote preeclampsia by disrupting the decidual ECM to interfere with normal stepwise EVT invasion.