Cemented versus Uncemented Hemiarthroplasty for Femoral Neck Fractures in Elderly Patients: A Meta-Analysis

Objective

Controversy still exists regarding using cemented or uncemented hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fractures in elderly patients. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness and safety of the two surgical techniques in femoral neck fracture patients over 70 years old.

Methods

We searched PUBMED, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CNKI and VIP Database from inception to December 2012 for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Outcomes of interest include postoperative hip function, residue pain, complication rates, mortality, reoperation rate, operation time and intraoperative blood loss. Odds ratios (OR) and weighted mean differences (WMD) from each trial were pooled using random-effects model or fixed-effects model given on the heterogeneity of the included studies.

Results

7 RCTs involving 1,125 patients (1,125 hips) were eligible for meta-analysis. Our results demonstrate that cemented hemiarthroplasty is associated with better postoperative hip function (OR = 0.48, 95% CI, 0.31–0.76; P = 0.002), lower residual pain (OR = 0.43, 95%CI, 0.29–0.64; P<0.0001), less implant-related complications (OR = 0.15, 95%CI, 0.09–0.26; P<0.00001) and longer operation time (WMD = 7.43 min, 95% CI, 5.37–9.49 min; P<0.00001). No significant difference was observed between the two groups in mortality, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications, local complications, general complications, reoperation rate and intraoperative blood loss.

Conclusions

Compared with uncemented hemiarthroplasty, the existing evidence indicates that cemented hemiarthroplasty can achieve better hip function, lower residual pain and less implant-related complications with no increased risk of mortality, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications, general complications, local complications and reoperation rate in treating elderly patients with femoral neck fractures.     

关节置换术对老年股骨颈骨折的临床应用

目的：观察髋关节置换治疗老年股骨颈骨骨折的效果。方法：对60岁以上老年股骨颈骨折23例施行人工股骨头或全髋关节置换术。结果：经平均2．5年随访,总满意率95．7％。结论：人工股骨头或全髋关节置换术是治疗老年人股骨颈骨折的有效方法,可促使老年人早期活动,提高生活质量。     

人工关节置换与加压螺钉内固定治疗高龄骨质疏松性股骨颈骨折的疗效观察

目的:探讨人工关节置换与加压螺钉内固定治疗高龄骨质疏松性股骨颈骨折的疗效。方法:选取2010年8月至2013年3月我院收治的120例高龄骨质疏松性股骨颈骨折患者,将所有患者随机分为人工置换组和内固定组两组,每组各60例,内固定组采用加压螺钉内固定术治疗,人工置换组采取人工关节置换术治疗,评定两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、下地时间、术后并发症发生率及末次随访时Harris评分优良率。结果:人工置换组手术时间及术中出血量分别为(124.8±16.7)min、(369.2±99.7)ml,明显高于内固定组的(73.5±15.1)min、(78.4±25.6)ml;但人工置换组术后下地时间为(15.3±4.8)d,明显低于内固定组的(40.2±7.5)d;人工置换组与内固定组患者术后并发症的发生率分别为20%、66.7%,人工置换组明显低于内固定组,其中,泌尿系褥疮的组间差异最为显著;末次随访时Harris评分优良率,相比于内固定组的61.67%,人工置换组为78.33%,明显偏高。差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:加压螺钉内固定术和人工关节置换术在治疗高龄骨质疏松性股骨颈骨折方面各有优劣,对于能够耐受人工关节置手术且经济条件好的的老年患者而言,采用人工关节置换术治疗,疗效更佳。     

两种不同术式对老年股骨颈骨折治疗对比

目的：探讨全髋关节置换术与股骨头置换术治疗对比。方法：回顾性的分析对2007年1月-2008年12月年我院接收的70例60岁以上的老年股骨颈骨折的进行股骨头置换和全髋关节置换两组不同手术方式的临床资料。结果：两组股骨颈骨折治疗的手术时间、住院时间及术后并发症及治疗效果无明显统计学差异,两组术后半年到一年半的Harris评分较术前评分有显著的统计学意义。结论：人工股骨头置换术和髋关节置换是治疗老年股骨颈骨折的有效方法,可根据患者的自身情况、疾病特点等选择不同术式。     

两种不同术式对老年股骨颈骨折治疗对比

目的:探讨全髋关节置换术与股骨头置换术治疗对比。方法:回顾性的分析对2007年1月-2008年12月年我院接收的70例60岁以上的老年股骨颈骨折的进行股骨头置换和全髋关节置换两组不同手术方式的临床资料。结果:两组股骨颈骨折治疗的手术时间、住院时间及术后并发症及治疗效果无明显统计学差异,两组术后半年到一年半的Harris评分较术前评分有显著的统计学意义。结论:人工股骨头置换术和髋关节置换是治疗老年股骨颈骨折的有效方法,可根据患者的自身情况、疾病特点等选择不同术式。     

Complex Disease Interventions from a Network Model for Type 2 Diabetes

There is accumulating evidence that the proteins encoded by the genes associated with a common disorder interact with each other, participate in similar pathways and share GO terms. It has been anticipated that the functional modules in a disease related functional linkage network are informative to reveal significant metabolic processes and disease’s associations with other complex disorders. In the current study, Type 2 diabetes associated functional linkage network (T2DFN) containing 2770 proteins and 15041 linkages was constructed. The functional modules in this network were scored and evaluated in terms of shared pathways, co-localization, co-expression and associations with similar diseases. The assembly of top scoring overlapping members in the functional modules revealed that, along with the well known biological pathways, circadian rhythm, diverse actions of nuclear receptors in steroid and retinoic acid metabolisms have significant occurrence in the pathophysiology of the disease. The disease’s association with other metabolic and neuromuscular disorders was established through shared proteins. Nuclear receptor NRIP1 has a pivotal role in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, indicating the need to investigate subsequent effects of NRIP1 on Type 2 diabetes. Our study also revealed that CREB binding protein (CREBBP) and cardiotrophin-1 (CTF1) have suggestive roles in linking Type 2 diabetes and neuromuscular diseases.     

骨膜游离移植修复犬股骨颈骨折

目的　探讨犬自体髂骨骨膜游离移植治疗股骨颈骨折的效果。方法　选用毕格犬 7只 ,共 14个髋关节 ,制成股骨颈骨折模型 ,骨折经螺钉固定后 ,取髂骨骨膜移植于骨折处。于术后 1个月和 3个月X线拍片并取髋关节标本观察。结果　术后 1个月 :X线见骨折线模糊 ;肉眼观察 :移植的骨膜与股骨颈生长在一起 ;镜下观察 :骨膜内毛细血管大量增生 ,大量类骨质及软骨细胞生成。术后 3个月 :X线见骨折愈合 ;肉眼观察 :骨膜移植处有大量骨组织生长 ,填满了骨折端 ;镜下 :骨膜内血管网非常丰富 ,大量骨细胞生成 ,新生骨小梁深入到股骨颈原有骨小梁中并与之融合。结论　犬自体髂骨骨膜游离移植可以成活和成骨 ,能重建股骨颈血运 ,促进骨折愈合。     

The Effect of Complex Interventions on Depression and Anxiety in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background

Depression and anxiety are very common in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and are associated with excess morbidity and mortality. Patients prefer non-drug treatments and clinical guidelines promote non-pharmacological interventions as first line therapy for depression and anxiety in people with long term conditions. However the comparative effectiveness of psychological and lifestyle interventions among COPD patients is not known. We assessed whether complex psychological and/or lifestyle interventions are effective in reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression in patients with COPD. We then determined what types of psychological and lifestyle interventions are most effective.

Methods and Findings

Systematic review of randomised controlled trials of psychological and/or lifestyle interventions for adults with COPD that measured symptoms of depression and/or anxiety. CENTRAL, Medline, Embase, PsychINFO, CINAHL, ISI Web of Science and Scopus were searched up to April 2012. Meta-analyses using random effects models were undertaken to estimate the average effect of interventions on depression and anxiety. Thirty independent comparisons from 29 randomised controlled trials (n = 2063) were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, psychological and/or lifestyle interventions were associated with small reductions in symptoms of depression (standardised mean difference −0.28, 95% confidence interval −0.41 to −0.14) and anxiety (standardised mean difference −0.23, 95% confidence interval −0.38 to −0.09). Multi-component exercise training was the only intervention subgroup associated with significant treatment effects for depression (standardised mean difference −0.47, 95% confidence interval −0.66 to −0.28), and for anxiety (standardised mean difference −0.45, 95% confidence interval −0.71 to −0.18).

Conclusions

Complex psychological and/or lifestyle interventions that include an exercise component significantly improve symptoms of depression and anxiety in people with COPD. Furthermore, multi-component exercise training effectively reduces symptoms of anxiety and depression in all people with COPD regardless of severity of depression or anxiety, highlighting the importance of promoting physical activity in this population.     

内固定术后股骨颈短缩的多因素分析及其对骨折的影响

目的:分析股骨颈短缩的发生率、对骨折愈合造成的影响以及造成颈短缩的影响因素。方法:选择在我院行闭合复位空心钉内固定术治疗并成功获得随访信息的老年股骨颈骨折患者106例作为研究对象。于术后1、3、6、12个月对患者进行门诊随访,记录患者的髋关节Harris评分、骨折愈合情况以及颈短缩的发生率,并将患者分为短缩组和无短缩组,对两组患者的骨折愈合率与髋关节Harris评分进行对比,并分析空心钉内固定术后颈短缩发生的危险因素。结果:短缩组43例,未短缩组63例。短缩组中骨折愈合率93.02%;未短缩组中骨折愈合率93.65%,两组骨折愈合率的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。短缩组中术后髋关节Harris评分为(74.58±7.85)分;未短缩组中术后髋关节Harris评分为(85.69±11.34)分,短缩组Harris评分低于未短缩组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。颈短缩的发生与年龄、性别、骨折类型、骨密度值及骨折复位质量密切相关(P<0.05),与受伤至手术时间、置入方式、负重时间、住院时间无明显的相关性(P>0.05)。颈短缩的发生与骨密度值和骨折复位质量相关性最大,骨折类型与年龄次之,性别的相关性相对较小。结论:空心钉内固定治疗股骨颈骨折并发颈短缩的发生率较高,颈短缩会影响髋关节的功能,但不影响骨折的愈合。骨密度、骨折复位质量、骨折类型、年龄以及性别是颈短缩的独立影响因素。     

The Effectiveness of Different Interventions to Promote Poison Prevention Behaviours in Households with Children: A Network Meta-Analysis

Background

There is evidence from 2 previous meta-analyses that interventions to promote poison prevention behaviours are effective in increasing a range of poison prevention practices in households with children. The published meta-analyses compared any intervention against a “usual care or no intervention” which potentially limits the usefulness of the analysis to decision makers. We aim to use network meta-analysis to simultaneously evaluate the effectiveness of different interventions to increase prevalence of safe storage of i) Medicines only, ii) Other household products only, iii) Poisons (both medicines and non-medicines), iv) Poisonous plants; and v) Possession of poison control centre (PCC) telephone number in households with children.

Methods

Data on the effectiveness of poison prevention interventions was extracted from primary studies identified in 2 newly-undertaken systematic reviews. Effect estimates were pooled across studies using a random effects network meta-analysis model.

Results

28 of the 47 primary studies identified were included in the analysis. Compared to usual care intervention, the intervention with education and low cost/free equipment elements was most effective in promoting safe storage of medicines (odds ratio 2.51, 95% credible interval 1.01 to 6.00) while interventions with education, low cost/free equipment, home safety inspection and fitting components were most effective in promoting safe storage of other household products (2.52, 1.12 to 7.13), safe storage of poisons (11.10, 1.60 to 141.50) and possession of PCC number (38.82, 2.19 to 687.10). No one intervention package was more effective than the others in promoting safe storage of poisonous plants.

Conclusion

The most effective interventions varied by poison prevention practice, but education alone was not the most effective intervention for any poison prevention practice. Commissioners and providers of poison prevention interventions should tailor the interventions they commission or provide to the poison prevention practices they wish to promote.

Highlights

• Network meta-analysis is useful for comparing multiple injury-prevention interventions.
• More intensive poison prevention interventions were more effective than education alone.
• Education and low cost/free equipment was most effective in promoting safe storage of medicines.
• Education, low cost/free equipment, home safety inspection and fitting was most effective in promoting safe storage of household products and poisons.
• Education, low cost/free equipment and home inspection were most effective in promoting possession of a poison control centre number.
• None of the intervention packages was more effective than the others in promoting safe storage of poisonous plants.

     

不同入路小切口髋关节置换对老年股骨颈骨折的比较研究

目的:探讨前外侧与后外侧路小切口髋关节置换术治疗老年股骨颈骨折临床疗效。方法:选取我院创伤骨科老年股骨颈骨折患者92例,随机分为两组,A组46例,予以后外侧路小切口髋关节置换术治疗;B组46例,予以前外侧小切口髋关节置换术治疗。记录并比较两组患者手术临床资料、术后并发症情况,采用Harris评分评价术后关节功能,调查问卷调查术后满意度。结果:1A组患者手术切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量和术后引流量明显小于B组患者,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);然两组患者住院时间相比无明显差异(P0.05);2A组术后关节功能与B组相比较,无明显差异(P0.05);而A组术后并发症发生率明显低于B组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);3A组的患者术后满意率明显高于B组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:前外侧和后外侧路小切口髋关节置换术治疗老年股骨颈骨折临床疗效相似,但后外侧路小切口操作简便,能够缩短手术时间、减少手术出血量、降低术后并发生症发生,患者满意度较高,对老年股骨颈骨折治疗临床价值较高。     

全髋关节置换术与人工股骨头置换术治疗老年股骨颈骨折的疗效比较

目的:探讨全髋关节置换术与人工股骨头置换术治疗老年股骨颈骨折的疗效。方法:选择在我院的82例行手术置换治疗的老年股骨颈骨折患者,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组41例。观察组采用全髋关节置换术,而对照组实施人工股骨头置换术。观察并比较两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、血压、术后引流及髋关节功能等。结果:观察组手术时间、术中出血量及收缩压均显著高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后引流量及并发症的发生率,两组比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。观察组患者术后Harris评分为(93.25±4.51),对照组患者Harris评分为(82.76±3.82),观察组显著优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:与人工股骨头置换术相比,全髋关节置换术用于治疗老年股骨颈骨折具有创伤小,恢复快的临床效果,患者术后髋关节功能恢复情况良好,值得在临床推广应用。     

螺旋CT扫描及三维重建技术在股骨颈骨折分型及治疗中的应用

目的:探讨螺旋CT扫描及三维重建技术在股骨颈骨折分型及治疗中的应用价值。方法:选择2010年5月~2013年5月期间我院收治的股骨颈骨折患者237例为研究对象,根据患者扫描检查方式的不同将其分为对照组(112例)和观察组(125例),对照组患者行髋关节X线正位扫描,观察组行髋关节正位64排螺旋CT扫描,两组均根据扫描结果进行分型并制定相应的治疗方案,比较两组患者骨折内固定手术后2年的股骨头坏死率及骨折不愈合率。结果:两组行骨折内固定手术比例比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);术后2年,对照组股骨头坏死5例(22.73%),骨不连6例(27.27%);观察组股骨头坏死1例(3.70%),骨不连1例(3.70%),观察组患者股骨头坏死率及骨折不愈合率均显著低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:螺旋CT扫描及三维重建成像能够全面、准确显示股骨颈骨折的损伤情况,有助于骨折的正确分型和治疗方法的选择,改善预后。