News from the Biological Stain Commission No. 14

Abstract

In the 14^th issue of News from the Biological Stain Commission (BSC) the BSC’s International Affairs Committee presents information from the meetings of ISO/TC 212/WG 3, In vitro diagnostic products, and from the final plenary meeting of ISO/TC 212, Clinical laboratory testing and in vitro diagnostic test systems, held on 17-19 October 2011 in Las Vegas, NV. Information is also presented from the 26th meeting of CEN/TC 140, In vitro diagnostic medical devices, held on 5 December 2011 in Berlin, Germany.     

News from the BSC No. 8

Abstract

In the 8th and following issues of News from the Biological Stain Commission (BSC), under the heading of Regulatory affairs, the BSC's International Affairs Committee will present information from a meeting held in Ghent, Belgium on 15–18 June 2009 concerning the progress achieved by the International Standards Organization Committee ISO/TC 212 Clinical Laboratory Testing and in Vitro Diagnostic Test Systems since the last meeting held in Vancouver, Canada in 2008. A note on the meaning and significance of E numbers found on the labels of foodstuffs and beverages sold for human consumption concludes this edition of News from the Biological Stain Commission.     

社会资本进入公立医院政策演进分析

目的 对我国公立医院利用社会资本的有关政策进行阐述和分析。方法 基于国内公立医院发展现况,通过个案调查、访谈、文献查阅等形式,对公立医院的融资过程进行政策分析。结果 公立医院对社会资本引入的尝试,已形成了一些具有若干特点的融资模式,如银行贷款、融资租赁、慈善捐赠等。结论 我国公立医院为实现可持续发展,多渠道引入社会资本已经成为必然的发展趋势。但从整体上讲,还未形成满足各种社会资本状况的政策体系。     

Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics 2018: the Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan,Japanese Proteomics Society,and Asia-Oceania Human Proteome Organization

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The mass spectrometry society of Japan, Japanese proteomics society, and Asia–Oceania human proteome organization held the conference ‘Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics 2018’ in Osaka, Japan, on May 15–18, 2018. This international conference focused on cutting edge technologies and their applications in a variety of research fields such as agriculture, material science, environmental factors, and clinical applications. An overview of the conference and a summary of the major lectures are reported here.

Expert commentary: The meeting will facilitate the development of fundamental technologies and the multi-disciplinary applications of proteomics.     

Advances in purine and pyrimidine metabolism in health and diseases

ABSTRACT

In June, 2015, the Purine and Pyrimidine Society organized the 16th biennial symposium on Purine and Pyrimidine metabolism at the Faculty House of Columbia University, New York City. This exciting meeting focused on these important molecules, new developments in inborn errors of metabolism; therapeutic analogs. In addition, the biochemistry of mammalian and non-mammalian systems were discussed. Due to significant advances in molecular medicine, the boundaries between clinical and basic sciences have merged into exciting translational research, of which a small portion was highlighted in the presymposium.     

Second International Conference on Accelerating Biopharmaceutical Development: March 9-12, 2009, Coronado,CA USA

The second International Conference on Accelerating Biopharmaceutical Development was held in San Diego, California. The meeting was organized by the Society for Biological Engineering (SBE) and the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE); SBE is a technological community of the AIChE. Bob Adamson (Wyeth) and Chuck Goochee (Centocor) were co-chairs of the event, which had the theme “Delivering cost-effective, robust processes and methods quickly and efficiently.” The first day focused on emerging disruptive technologies and cutting-edge analytical techniques. Day two featured presentations on accelerated cell culture process development, critical quality attributes, specifications and comparability, and high throughput protein formulation development. The final day was dedicated to discussion of technology options and new analysis methods provided by emerging disruptive technologies; functional interaction, integration and synergy in platform development; and rapid and economic purification process development.     

生物医药科技前沿领域的识别研究

目的:采用定量分析与定性分析相结合的方法识别生物医药科技前沿领域。方法:本研究从典型国家医学科技战略规划的重点领域分析,生物医药科技前沿动态与专家评述,文献和专利计量学分析三个维度进行识别,综合三个维度的识别结果,将至少满足两个维度的定为生物医药科技前沿领域。结果:共识别出34个生物医药科技前沿领域,包括精准医学、肿瘤免疫、靶向治疗、医学人工智能、医疗机器人等。结论:采用多维度综合识别方法对生物医药科技前沿领域进行分析,可为我国医学科技前沿领域的发展布局提供决策支持,也可为生物医药领域的创新提供方向引导。     

Working to Improve Care of Hospital Hyperglycemia Through Statewide Collaboration: The Georgia Hospital Association Diabetes Special Interest Group

ObjectiveTo review the efforts of the Georgia Hospital Association Diabetes Special Interest Group (DSIG) to develop and disseminate sample clinical guidelines on management of inpatient hyperglycemia.MethodsBeginning in February 2003, a consortium of physicians and allied health professionals from throughout the state of Georgia began meeting on a frequent basis to formulate a plan to enhance the care of hospitalized patients with hyperglycemia. The immediate goals of the DSIG were the identification and organization of interested stakeholders, the development of consensus sample clinical guidelines, and the dissemination of information.ResultsSince its inception, the DSIG has accomplished the following: development of 7 consensus sample clinical guidelines, construction of a Web site that posts these clinical guidelines and other useful related information and educational materials, and sponsorship of workshops throughout the state of Georgia.ConclusionAs the importance of glucose control in the hospital setting has become increasingly recognized, institutions must find ways of applying results of clinical trials to “real-world” hospital environments. The DSIG is an example of a successful collaboration that could serve as a model for other state hospital organizations that wish to develop programs to enhance the care of inpatients with hyperglycemia. (Endocr Pract. 2007;13:45-50)     

German-Russian Catholic Social Organization

Abstract

The 18th century German agrarian village system has persisted on the plains of western Kansas as a consequence of a Roman Catholic centered social system. The acculturation process has been retarded by the centripetal forces of church, village, and kinship identities.     

Towards complete and accurate reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy: the STARD initiative

ObjectiveTo improve the accuracy and completeness of reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy, to allow readers to assess the potential for bias in a study, and to evaluate a study''s generalisability.MethodsThe Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy (STARD) steering committee searched the literature to identify publications on the appropriate conduct and reporting of diagnostic studies and extracted potential items into an extensive list. Researchers, editors, and members of professional organisations shortened this list during a two day consensus meeting, with the goal of developing a checklist and a generic flow diagram for studies of diagnostic accuracy.ResultsThe search for published guidelines about diagnostic research yielded 33 previously published checklists, from which we extracted a list of 75 potential items. At the consensus meeting, participants shortened the list to a 25 item checklist, by using evidence, whenever available. A prototype of a flow diagram provides information about the method of patient recruitment, the order of test execution, and the numbers of patients undergoing the test under evaluation and the reference standard, or both.ConclusionsEvaluation of research depends on complete and accurate reporting. If medical journals adopt the STARD checklist and flow diagram, the quality of reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy should improve to the advantage of clinicians, researchers, reviewers, journals, and the public.The Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy (STARD) steering group aims to improve the accuracy and completeness of reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy. The group describes and explains the development of a checklist and flow diagram for authors of reports     

News from the Biological Stain Commission,No. 16

Abstract

In the 16^th issue of News from the Biological Stain Commission (BSC) under the heading of Regulatory affairs, the Biological Stain Commission’s International Affairs Committee presents information from the 28^th meeting of CEN/TC 140 In vitro diagnostic medical devices held on October 23, 2013 in Berlin, Germany. Information is also presented from the 19^th meeting of ISO/TC 212 Clinical laboratory testing and in vitro diagnostic test systems held on October 19 ? 21, 2013 in Singapore.     

Troubles under the water: Sino‐japanese conflict of sovereignty on the continental shelf in the East China sea

Abstract

The discovery and production of offshore hydrocarbon resources are significant for both China (PRC) and Japan in meeting energy requirements for higher economic development. Because the claims of both countries to the continental shelf in the East China Sea overlap, there is a maritime conflict which hinders cooperation in the Asian region. The paper briefly describes the geographical characteristics of the East China Sea. It then dwells on the development of the legal criteria for delimiting continental shelf boundaries by examining major cases of international adjudication and both the 1958 Geneva Convention on the Continental Shelf and the 1982 Convention on the Law of the Sea. After presenting both countries’ positions the author attempts to review and analyze certain options which can be employed in resolving the sovereignty conflict.     

Quantification of manganese and mercury in toenail in vivo using portable X-ray fluorescence (XRF)

Background and objective: Toenail is an advantageous biomarker to assess exposure to metals such as manganese and mercury. Toenail Mn and Hg are in general analyzed by chemical methods such as inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and atomic absorption spectrophotometry. In this project, a practical and convenient technology—portable X-ray florescence (XRF)—is studied for the noninvasive in vivo quantification of manganese and mercury in toenail.

Material and methods: The portable XRF method has advantages in that it does not require toenail clipping and it can be done in 3?min, which will greatly benefit human studies involving the assessment of manganese and mercury exposures. This study mainly focused on the methodology development and validation which includes spectral analysis, system calibration, the effect of toenail thickness, and the detection limit of the system. Manganese- and mercury-doped toenail phantoms were made. Calibration lines were established for these measurements.

Results: The results show that the detection limit for manganese is 3.65?μg/g (ppm) and for mercury is 0.55?μg/g (ppm) using 1?mm thick nail phantoms with 10?mm soft tissue underneath.

Discussion and conclusion: We conclude that portable XRF is a valuable and sensitive technology to quantify toenail manganese and mercury in vivo.     

Cross-linking/mass spectrometry as a new field and the proteomics information mountain of tomorrow

The European Proteomics Association (EuPA) 2012 Scientific Congress ‘New Horizons and Applications for Proteomics’, hosted by the British Society for Proteome Research (BSPR)

Glasgow, Scotland, UK, 12 July 2012

Cross-linking/mass spectrometry ended decades of method developments and entered the era of applications at this year’s European Proteomics Association meeting. The train has started moving, with successful applications of this tool by multiple pioneering laboratories addressing biological and structural problems. Proteomics, on the other side, sees ever increasing data volumes, leading to questions as to how to store the data mountain publically, use it and convert it into testable hypotheses. The European Proteomics Association meeting has been complementary to the American Society for Mass Spectrometry meeting in many ways, also thanks to its more manageable size and the vision of the organizers in inviting some of Europe’s best emerging minds.     

番茄连作青枯病不同发病时期的非根际土壤细菌群落变化特征

[目的]研究连作条件下番茄青枯病不同发病时期的非根际土壤微生物群落差异,明确土壤微生物对青枯病发病时期的响应机制。[方法]本研究对16S rRNA V4-V5区进行实时荧光定量PCR和高通量测序,综合分析了连续种植第1、3、5和7季的发病高峰期和发病末期的番茄非根际土壤的病原菌数量、细菌群落多样性、群落组成、标志细菌类群和群落构建机制。[结果]发病高峰期的青枯菌数量(1.28×10⁷ copies/g)要高于发病末期(1.77×10⁶ copies/g)。随着连作时间的增加,发病时期对细菌群落多样性的影响逐渐增加。第3季和第5季不同发病时期之间的细菌群落alpha和beta多样性存在显著差异。LEfSe分析发现,番茄青枯病发病高峰期和发病末期的非根际土壤样品有其各自不同的标志细菌类群。此外,随连作时间的延长协助青枯菌致病的细菌逐渐累积。发病高峰期是微杆菌属(Microbacterium)和亚硝化螺菌属(Nitrosospira)协助青枯菌致病,而在发病末期,则由鞘脂菌属(Sphingobium)、norank_f...     

Barrels by the sea: Barrels XX meeting report

The 20th annual Barrels meeting brought together researchers who utilize behavioral, physiological, anatomical, and molecular techniques to understand the structure and function of the barrel system. Barrels XX featured talks on the role inhibition has in shaping cortical responses within the barrel system, the molecular cues that influence the development of the whisker-to-barrel system, and the synaptic plasticity that can shape responses within the system. The meeting highlighted why the whisker-to-barrel system is an ideal model to investigate the development of cortical circuitry and how its functioning can influence behavioral responses.     

Peer Support Workers in Health: A Qualitative Metasynthesis of Their Experiences

ObjectivePeer support models, where an individual has a specific illness or lifestyle experience and supports others experiencing similar challenges, have frequently been used in different fields of healthcare to successfully engage hard-to-reach groups. Despite recognition of their value, the impact of these roles on the peer has not been systematically assessed. By synthesising the qualitative literature we sought to review such an impact, providing a foundation for designing future clinical peer models.MethodsSystematic review and qualitative metasynthesis of studies found in Medline, CINAHL or Scopus documenting peer worker experiences.Results1,528 papers were found, with 34 meeting the criteria of this study. Findings were synthesised to reveal core constructs of reframing identity through reciprocal relations and the therapeutic use of self, enhancing responsibility.ConclusionsThe ability of the Peer Support Worker to actively engage with other marginalised or excluded individuals based on their unique insight into their own experience supports a therapeutic model of care based on appropriately sharing their story. Our findings have key implications for maximising the effectiveness of Peer Support Workers and in contributing their perspective to the development of a therapeutic model of care.     

Guías de práctica clínica para la evaluación y tratamiento de la osteoporosis asociada a enfermedades endocrinas y nutricionales

ObjectiveTo provide practical recommendations for evaluation and treatment of osteoporosis associated to endocrine diseases and nutritional conditions.ParticipantsMembers of the Bone Metabolism Working Group of the Spanish Society of Endocrinology, a methodologist, and a documentalist.MethodsRecommendations were formulated according to the GRADE system (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) to describe both the strength of recommendations and the quality of evidence. A systematic search was made in MEDLINE (Pubmed), using the following terms associated to the name of each condition: AND “osteoporosis”, “fractures”, “bone mineral density”, and “treatment”. Papers in English with publication date before 18 October 2011 were included. Current evidence for each disease was reviewed by two group members, and doubts related to the review process or development of recommendations were resolved by the methodologist. Finally, recommendations were discussed in a meeting of the Working Group.ConclusionsThe document provides evidence-based practical recommendations for evaluation and management of endocrine and nutritional diseases associated to low bone mass or an increased risk of fracture. For each disease, the associated risk of low bone mass and fragility fractures is given, recommendations for bone mass assessment are provided, and treatment options that have shown to be effective for increasing bone mass and/or to decreasing fragility fractures are listed.