Introduction: Describing the human hut gut microbiota is one the most exciting challenges of the 21st century. Currently, high-throughput sequencing methods are considered as the gold standard for this purpose, however, they suffer from several drawbacks, including their inability to detect minority populations. The advent of mass-spectrometric (MS) approaches to identify cultured bacteria in clinical microbiology enabled the creation of the culturomics approach, which aims to establish a comprehensive repertoire of cultured prokaryotes from human specimens using extensive culture conditions.
Areas covered: This review first underlines how mass spectrometric approaches have revolutionized clinical microbiology. It then highlights the contribution of MS-based methods to culturomics studies, paying particular attention to the extension of the human gut microbiota repertoire through the discovery of new bacterial species.
Expert commentary: MS-based approaches have enabled cultivation methods to be resuscitated to study the human gut microbiota and thus to fill in the blanks left by high-throughput sequencing methods in terms of culturing minority populations. Continued efforts to recover new taxa using culture methods, combined with their rapid implementation in genomic databases, would allow for an exhaustive analysis of the gut microbiota through the use of a comprehensive approach. 相似文献
【背景】微生物与肺癌的发生发展密切相关,该领域研究已成为国内外持续关注的焦点。【目的】对微生物与肺癌相关的文献进行文献计量分析,分析该领域的研究现状和发展趋势,为后续研究提供参考。【方法】收集Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC)、中国知网(China National Knowledge Infrastructure,CNKI)、万方(Wanfang)与维普(VIP database for Chinese technical periodicals,VIP)等数据库的文献数据,并通过CiteSpace和VOSviewer对其年发文量、国家/地区、关键词进行可视化分析。【结果】共收录中文文献143篇,英文文献278篇。中国是发文量最多的国家。关键词分析显示,肺癌、肠道微生物、免疫治疗等关键词是该领域的研究热点。【结论】在过去20年中人们已关注到微生物在肺癌致病机制、诊断和治疗中的作用。通过对比这些数据库发现,国内外关注的热点话题基本一致。但该领域仍处于早期发展阶段,研究相对不成熟,缺乏广泛密切的国际合作,未来应进一步加强对该领域前沿热点的深入研究。本文结果有助于研究人员进一步了解该领域前沿热点及发展趋势,为后续研究的深入探索提供参考。 相似文献
During the acute phase of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), mononuclear cells infiltration, alveolar cell desquamation and hyaline membrane formation have been described, together with dysregulation of plasma cytokine levels. Persistent high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) abnormalities occur in SARS patients up to 40 days after recovery.
Methods
To determine further the time course of recovery of lung inflammation, we investigated the HRCT and inflammatory profiles, and coronavirus persistence in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of 12 patients at recovery at 60 and 90 days.
Results
At 60 days, compared to normal controls, SARS patients had increased cellularity of BALF with increased alveolar macrophages (AM) and CD8 cells. HRCT scores were increased and correlated with T-cell numbers and their subpopulations, and inversely with CD4/CD8 ratio. TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, RANTES and MCP-1 levels were increased. Viral particles in AM were detected by electron microscopy in 7 of 12 SARS patients with high HRCT score. On day 90, HRCT scores improved significantly in 10 of 12 patients, with normalization of BALF cell counts in 6 of 12 patients with repeat bronchoscopy. Pulse steroid therapy and prolonged fever were two independent factors associated with delayed resolution of pneumonitis, in this non-randomized, retrospective analysis.
Conclusion
Resolution of pneumonitis is delayed in some patients during SARS recovery and may be associated with delayed clearance of coronavirus, Complete resolution may occur by 90 days or later. 相似文献