BUCHBESPRECHUNGEN

S tephan , H.; B aron , G.; F rahm , H. D.: Comparative Brain Research in Mammals.
S uzuki , D. T.; G riffiths , A. J. F.; M iller , J. H.; L ewontin , R. C.: G enetik. Übersetzt von S. A chten und P. B öhm .
K ämpfe , L othar (ed.): Evolution und Stammesgeschichte der Organismen. Bearbeitet von 5 Fachwissenschaftlem. 3., neubearbeitete und erweiterte Auflage.     

BUCHBESPRECHUNGEN

Book reviewed in this article:
R ieppel , O.: Kladismus oder die Legende vom Stammbaum
K erney , M. P.; C ameron , R. A. D.; J ungbluth , J. H.: Die Landschnecken Nord- und Mitteleuropas
E stes , R.: Handbuch der Paläoherpetologie
F lohr , H.; T önnesmann , W. (Eds.): Politik and Biologie     

REVIEWS

The Living Tundra. By Yu. I. C hernov . Translated by D. L öve .
Cell Ageing and Cell Death. Society for Experimental Biology Seminar Series 25. Ed. by I. D avies and D. C. S igee .
Lake Sediments and Environmental History: Studies in Palaeolimnology in Honour of Winifred Tutin. Ed. by E. Y. H aworth and J. W. G. L und .
Plant Molecular Biology (Tertiary Level Biology). By D. G rierson and S. C ovey .     

Beziehung zwischen der Produktion an Gelher Cercospora-Substanz und der Aggressivität verschiedener Cercospora beticola-Einsiporlinien

Die Tatsache, daß verschiedene Cercospora beticola (C. b.)-Einsporlinien in Agarkultur unterschiedliche Mengen der gelben, antibiotisch und phyto-toxisch wirksamen Substanz (GF) produzieren (S chlösser 1962, S chlösser und S tegemann 1964), läßt eine Beziehung zwischen diesen Produktionsunter-schieden und der mehr oder weniger starken Aggressivität der C.b.-Linien (S chlösser und K och 1957) vermuten.     

Book Reviews

Book Reviwed in this article:
Schweingruber, F. H. , Trees and Wood in Dendrochronology. Morphological, Anatomical, and Tree-Ring Analytical Characteristics of Trees Frequently Used in Dendrochronology
Henseler, K. , Pflanzenschutzlexikon für Topfpflanzen und Schnittblumen. 5., aktualisierte Auflage.
Rudolf Heitefuß (Hrsg.) , Integrierte Pflanzenproduktion: Abschlußbericht zum Schwerpunktprogramm 'Entwicklung eines integrierten Systems der Pflanzenproduktion unter Beachtung ökonomischer und ökologischer Aspekte des Pflanzenschutzes im Weizen'.
Meyer-Kahsnitz, S. , Angewandte Pflanzenvirologie.
Diercks, R. und R. Heitefuß (Hrsg.) , Integrierter Landbau: Systeme umweltbewußter Pflanzenproduktion; Grundlagen, Praxiserfahrungen, Entwicklungen; Ackerbau, Gemüse, Obst, Hopfen, Grünland.
Evans, K., D. L. Trudgill and J. M. Webster (eds), Plant Parasitic Nematodes in Temperate Agriculture.     

BUCHBESPRECHUNGEN

Book reviewed in this article:
E rben , H. K.: Die Entwicklung der Lebewesen. Spielregeln der Evolution. R einboth , R. (Ed.): Intersexuality in the Animal Kingdom.
The Sea Urchin Embryo. Biochemistry and Morphogenesis. Hrsg. von G. C zihak unter Mitwirkung von R. P eter . Vorwort von J. B rachet .
The Blood of Sheep. Composition and Function. Ed. by M. H. B lunt . With contributions by M. H. B lunt , R. I. C ox , C. C. C urtain , J. D. D argie , K. A. F erguson , P. H. H olmes , T. H. J. H uisman , W. M. F. L eat , D. B. L indsay , W. V. M acfarlane , E. W. M oodie and E. M. T ucker .
S tephan , H.: Allocortex. Handbuch der mikroskopischen Anatomie des Menschen. Begründet von W. v. M öllendorf , fortgeführt von W. B argmann . Bd. 4, Teil 9.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
Textes ethiopiens magico-religieux . D éborah L ifchitz
La Géomancie à l'ancienne Côte des Esclaves . B ernard M aupoil . ( Ibid ., XLII. xxvii, 690 pp. Paris, 1943.)
Raças do Império . M endes C orrêa . (625 pp. Porto, 1943.)
Customary Law of the Haya Tribe . H ans C ory and M. M. H artnoll . (iii, 299 pp. Published for the International African Institute. London, 1945.)
The Anatomy of Lango Religion and Groups . T. T. S. H ayley . (xii, 200 pp. Cambridge and New York, 1947.)     

REVIEWS

Studies of Pacific Island Plants. X. The Meliaceae of Fiji, Samoa and Tonga. By A. C. S mith .
Flora of Tropical East Africa. Marantaceae. By E. M ilne -R edhead .
Flora of the County Wicklow. By J. P. B runker .
Textbook of Theoretical Botany. Volume I. By R. C. M c L ean and W. R. I vimey -C ook .
Gotlands Orkider. By S taffan R osvall and B engt P ettersson .
Downs and Dunes: Their Plant Life and its Environment. By Sir E dward S alisbury .
The Tropical Rain Forest. By P. W. Richards.
Pollen Morphology and Plant Taxonomy. By G. E rdtman .
The Comparative Biochemistry of the Carotenoids. By T. W. G oodwin .
Die Wuchsstofflehre: Ergebnisse und Probleme der Wuchsstoffforschung. By H ans S öding .     

Analysis of the nucleus-encoded and chloroplast-targeted rieske protein by classic and site-directed mutagenesis of Chlamydomonas.

Three mutants of the alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii affected in the nuclear PETC gene encoding the Rieske iron-sulfur protein 2Fe-2S subunit of the chloroplast cytochrome b(6)f complex have been characterized. One has a stable deletion that eliminates the protein; two others carry substitutions Y87D and W163R that result in low accumulation of the protein. Attenuated expression of the stromal protease ClpP increases accumulation and assembly into b(6)f complexes of the Y87D and W163R mutant Rieske proteins in quantities sufficient for analysis. Electron-transfer kinetics of these complexes were 10- to 20-fold slower than those for the wild type. The deletion mutant was used as a recipient for site-directed mutant petC alleles. Six glycine residues were replaced by alanine residues (6G6A) in the flexible hinge that is critical for domain movement; substitutions were created near the 2Fe-2S cluster (S128 and W163); and seven C-terminal residues were deleted (G171och). Although the 6G6A and G171och mutations affect highly conserved segments in the chloroplast Rieske protein, photosynthesis in the mutants was similar to that of the wild type. These results establish the basis for mutational analysis of the nuclear-encoded and chloroplast-targeted Rieske protein of photosynthesis.     

Influence of N<Emphasis Type="Italic">-</Emphasis>Glycosylation on <Emphasis Type="Italic">Saccharomyces cerevisiae</Emphasis> Morphology: A Golgi Glycosylation Mutant Shows Cell Division Defects

The N-glycosylation mutants (mnn1 and mnn1 och1) show different morphological characteristics at the restrictive and nonpermissive temperature. We deleted the MNN1 to eliminate the terminal α1, 3-linked mannose of hypermannosylation and deleted the OCH1 to block the elongation of the main backbone chain. The mnn1 cells exhibited no observable change with respect to the wild-type strain at 28°C and 37°C, but the mnn1 och1 double mutant exhibited defects in cell cytokinesis, showed a slower growth rate, and became temperature-sensitive. Meanwhile, the mnn1 och1 mutant tended to aggregate, which was probably due to the glycolsylation defect. Loss of mannosyl-phosphate-accepting sites in this mutant migth result in reduced charge repulsion between cell surfaces. Pyridylaminated glycans were profiled and purified through an NH₂ column by size-fractionation high-performance liquid chromatography. Matrix assisted laser desoption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI TOF/MS) analysis of the N-glycan structure of the mnn1 och1 mutant revealed that the main component is Man₈GlcNAc₂.     

Reviews

The Flavonoids. Advances in Research since 1980. Ed. by J. B. H arborne .
Hungry crops : a guide to nutrient deficiencies in field crops By N. J. G rundon .
Microbial ecology: organisms, habitats, activities. By H einz S tolp .
Evolutionary Biology of the Fungi. Ed. by A. D. M. R ayner , C. M. B rasier and D. M oore .
Micro-algal Biotechnology . Edited by M.A. B orowitzka and L. J. B orowitzka and L. J. B orowitzka .
Experimental Phycology: A laboratory manual Edited by C hristopher S. L obban , D avid J. C hapman , and B runo P. K remer .
100 Families of Flowering Plants. By M. H ickey and C. K ing .
Differentiation Patterns in Higher Plants. Edited by K. M. U rbanska .
The Living Tundra. By Yu. I. C hernov , Translated by D. L öve .
North American Terrestrial Vegetation. Edited by M. G. B arbour & W. D. B illings .
Biogeography and Quaternary History in Tropical Latin America. By T. C. W hitmore and G. T. P rance (Editors).
Biogeographical Evolution of the Malay Archipelago . By T. C. W hitmore (Editor).
Postglacial Vegetation of Canada. By J. C. R ichie .     

A revision of the moss genus Gymnostomiella Fleisch.

Abstract

A taxonomic revision of the moss genus Gymnostomiella Fleisch. recognizes five species and one variety, viz. G. burmensis Bartr., G. erosulum (C. Müll. ex Dus.) Arts, G. longinervis Broth., G. monodii P. Yarde, G. vernicosa (Harv.) Fleisch. var. vernicosa and G. vernicosa var. tenerum (C. Müll. ex Dus.) Arts. Gymnostomiella tenerum (C. Müll. ex Dus.) Arts is reduced to a variety of G. vernicosa and G. tanganyikae De Sloover is reduced to synonomy with G. erosulum.     

Gamma radiation and interspecific hybridization in jute ( Corchorus capsularis L. and C. olitorius L.)

Although numerous attempts have been made during the last five decades, no hybrids combining the qualities of the two commercially most important species have been released so far. Dry seeds of Corchorus capsularis L. var. D-154 and Corchorus olitorius L. var. C.G. were irradiated with gamma rays of various intensities from 70 Kr. to 100 Kr. and were sown in the field. Abnormal plants of the first generation showing bilobed and crinkled characters in their leaves induced by gamma rays were chosen as male parents. 300 crosses of different combinations were made. In all 120 fruits developed into maturity. All the seeds failed to germinate except those from the crosses ♀ C.G. (0 Kr.) × ♂ D-154 (80 Kr.) and ♀ D-154 (0 Kr.) × ♂ C.G. (70 Kr.). F₁ plants from the cross ♀ C.G. (0 Kr.) × ♂ D-154 (80 Kr.) inherited the bilobed character of the male parent whereas the plants from the other cross failed to show any sign of inheritance of the male parent. This indicated that the plants from the cross ♀ C.G. (0 Kr.) × ♂ D-154 (80 Kr.) were hybrids. These hybrids attained a greater height than the controls and were highly fertile.     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
MEXICO, CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA: Excavations at Zacatenco. G eorge C. V aillant.
MEXICO, CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA: Excavations at Ticoman. G eorge C. V aillant. (Same series, Vol. 32, Part 2, 1931.)
MEXICO, CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA: Excavations at Gualupita. S uzannah B. and G eorge C. V aillant. (Same series, Vol. 35, Part 1, 1934.)
MEXICO, CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA: Excavations at El Arbolillo. G eorge C. V aillant. (Same series, Vol. 35, Part 2, 1935.)
MEXICO, CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA: Early Cultures in the Valley of Mexico: Results of the Stratigraphical Project of the American Museum of Natural History in the Valley of Mexico, 1928–1933. G eorge C. V aillant. (Same series, Vol. 35, Part 3, 1935.)     

α-1,6-甘露糖转移酶基因敲除的毕赤酵母菌株构建及其用于融合蛋白HSA/GM-CSF 表达的研究

酵母对蛋白的糖基化修饰过程不同于哺乳动物,其特点为产生高甘露糖型糖基且易发生过度糖基化。本研究通过两步基因重组敲除目标基因的方法成功敲除了毕赤酵母中的α-1,6-甘露糖转移酶(och1p)基因,获得了och1敲除的菌株。以此为基础,构建了高效表达人血清白蛋白与粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子融合蛋白(HSA/GM-CSF)的工程酵母,与野生型毕赤酵母表达的过度糖基化HSA/GM-CSF不同,och1敲除菌表达的该融合蛋白糖基化程度明显降低,这为该融合蛋白的开发提供了重要基础。och1敲除菌株的构建不仅提供了一个对糖蛋白进行低糖基化修饰的毕赤酵母表达系统,而且为进一步的酵母糖基工程改造提供了基础。     

Buchbesprechungen / Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this articles:
Müller, E., und W. Loeffler , Mykologie.
Ayres, P. G. , Effects of disease on the physiology of the growing plant.
Staples, R. C, and G. H. Toenniessen (Eds.) , Plant Disease Control: Resistance and Susceptibility.
Schenck, N. C. (Ed.) , Methods and Principles of Mycorrhiza Research.
Dekker, J., and S. G. Georgopoulos (Eds.) , Fungicide resistance in crop pro-tection.
Perkow, W. , Wirksubstanzen der Pflanzen- und Schadlingsbekampfungsmittel.     

BUCHBESPRECHUNGEN

Book reviewed in this article:
reviews type of article–
M ason , J. L. (ed.): Evolution of domesticated animals . London, New York: Longman 1984.
G riffiths , G. C. D. (ed.): Flies of the Nearctic Region . Vol. VIII: Cyclorrhapha II (Schizophora: Calyptratae), Part 2 Anthomyiidae, Number 1 by G. C. D. G riffiths . Stuttgart: E. Schweitzerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung 1982.
S impson , G. G.: Penguins . Past and Present, Here and There. New Haven and London: Yale University Press 1983.
G ans , E.; P ouch , F. H. (eds.): Biology of the Reptilia . Vol. 12. New York – London: Academic Press 1982. 564 S. DM 353,–. G ans , E. (ed.):
M atsuno , K.; D ose , K.; H arada , K.; R ohlfing , D. L. (eds.): Molecular Evolution and Protobiology . New York, London
F elsenstein , J. (ed.): Numerical Taxonomy . Nato AS1 Series. Series G Ecological Sciencesxs
S meets , W. J. A. J.; N ieuwenhuys , R.; R oberts , B. L.: The Central Nervous System of Cartilaginous Fishes . Structure and Functional Correlations. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer 1983
H echt , M. K.; W allace , B.; P range , G. T. (eds.): Evolutionary Biology . Vol. 18. New York and London     

Book Reviews

Horie, S. (Ed.) (1984) Lake Biwa.
Davenport, J. (1984) Environmental Stress and Behavioural Adaptation.
Benomi, G. & Erséus, C. (Eds.) (1984) Aquatic Oligochaeta. (Developments in Hydrobiology
Rrame, C.J.N. & Duinker, J.C. (Eds.) (1984) Complexation of Trace Metals in Natural Waters.     

Espéces affines microsympatriques chez Puellina (Bryozoa, Cheilostsmata) et description d'espèces nouvelles

The existence of microsympatry (close coexistence in microhabitats) allows morphologically very similar forms belonging to intraspecifically highly variable taxa to be distinguished by consistent microanatomical characteristics at the specific level. Four pairs of closely related species of Puellina Jullien (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata, Cribrimorpha), microsympatric in the Mediterranean Sea to different degrees according to the magnitude of their coexistence, are considered at the systematic, ecological and biogeographic levels. P . ( Cribrilaria ) innominata (Couch) coexists with: (1) P . ( C .) picardi sp. n., in a wide range of littoral and deep habitats; (2) P . ( C .) hincksi (Friedl), in ecological transition zones within sciaphilic littoral communities. P . ( Glabrilaria ) pedunculata Gautier, an apparently Mediterranean endemic with a wide depth range, coexists with: (1) P . ( G .) orientalis orientalis sp. et ssp.n., in deep hard bottoms of the eastern Mediterranean, two other subspecies, P . ( G .) orientalis azorensis ssp.n. and P . ( G .) orientalis lusitanica ssp.n., being distributed in the near Atlantic; (2) P . ( G .) corbula Bishop & Househam, recently described from the English Channel, in cryptic littoral microhabitats of the northwestern Mediterranean.     

BUCHBESPRECHUNGEN

Book reviewed in this article:
S chäfer , W.: Fossilien. Bilderund Gedanken zur paläontologischen Wissenschaft. Sencken-bergbuch 58. Hrsg. v. d. Senckenberg. Naturforsch. Ges.
L uckett , W. (Ed.): Comparative biology and evolutionary relationships of Tree Shrews (Advances in primatology).
Evolutionary Biology. Vol. 13. Ed. by M. K. H echt , W. C. S teere , B. W allace .
Lehrbuch der Zoologie.
E wert J. P.: Neuroethology.
T embrock , G.: Grundriß der Verhaltenswissenschaften.
M arkl , H. (Ed.): Evolution of Social Behavior
G riffiths , G. C. D. (éd.): Flies of the Nearctic Region.
Das obenerwähnte Werk.
B isby , F. A.; V aughan , J. G.; W right , C. A. (Ed.): Chemosystematics: principle and practice.
C hivers , O. J. (Ed.)
T henius , E.: Grundzüge der Faunen- und Verbreitungsgeschichte der Säugetiere. Eine historische Tiergeographie. 2., völlig neubearb. Aufl. Stuttgart: G. Fischer 1980. 375 S., 112 Abb., 5 Tab., Gzln. DM 74,-. ISBN 3-437-30312-0.
M artens , J.: Lautäußerungen, verwandtschaftliche Beziehungen und Verbreitungsgeschichte asiatischer Laubsänger (Phylloscopus).
Genetik. Grundlagen, Ergebnisse und Probleme in Einzeldarstellungen. Hrsg.: H. S tubbe , Gatersleben. Beitrag 10: Beiträge zur Evolutionstheorie. Von T h . D obzhansky †, E. B oesiger †, D. S perlich . Aus dem Französischen von D. S perlich . Jena: VEB Gustav Fischer.
S impson , G. G.: Why and How. Some Problems and Methods in Historical Biology. Oxford
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