马铃薯叶肉原生质体再生植株的研究

马铃薯两个品系小叶子x多子白和乌盟601的叶肉原生质体在原生质体培养基中诱导出愈伤组织,叶肉原生质体来源的愈伤组织转移到MS＋2mg/1ZT+0.1mg/1 IAA培养基中,培养至70天以后,开始发生芽的分化,待芽生长到2－3cm高度时,转入MS＋0．05mg/1 NAA培养基中,很快出根长成完整植株,带1－2片叶的茎段移栽入灭菌的混合土壤中生长并结出薯块。     

花烟草叶肉原生质体再生植株

用自制的纤维素酶(EA3-867)从花烟草(Nicotiana alata)叶肉细胞制备大量有活力的原生质体。在NT培养基(内含2,4-D2,KT0.25毫克/升)上观察到原生质体长大,分裂,形成愈伤组织。愈伤组织悬浮在含有2,4-D2mg/升的MS培养基上诱导出球形胚,移入MS(BA2,IAA 0.2 mg/l)培养基上出苗。小苗移植土壤中正常生长、开花、结实。     

茎用芥菜细胞质雄性不育系子叶原生质体培养和高效植株再生

利用茎用芥工细胞质雄性不育系原生质体培养获得了再生植株,并研究了影响原生质体培养的因素。结果表明,子叶是茎用芥菜原生质体培养最佳的外植体,10d苗龄的子叶原生质体在改良MS培养基上培养3d后发生第1次细胞分裂,6d后发生第2次分裂,3周后形成细胞团,5周后形成肉眼可见的小愈伤,培养基中减少NAA或2,4－D都会降低愈伤组织的再生能力,在含一定浓度的NAA（0．25mg/L)和2,4－D（0．25mg/L)培养基上诱导的愈伤组织地致密且有光泽,芽的分化能力高;在MS＋BA 1mg/L NAA0.2mg/L的培养基上芽分化频率高达近29％,再生芽1／2MS＋NAA0．1mg/L培养基上生根,形成完整植株。     

阔鳞鳞毛蕨孢子的无菌繁殖

以阔鳞鳞毛蕨（Dryopteris championii）成熟孢子为外植体,研究了不同植物生长调节剂及浓度对其孢子萌发、愈伤组织诱导、丛生芽分化及生根的影响。结果表明：1/2MS＋2%蔗糖为孢子萌发最适培养基,20 d后萌发率达65%;诱导愈伤组织的最适培养基为MS＋KT 0.5 mg.L-1＋2,4-D 1 mg.L-1,诱导率达39.8%,愈伤组织为绿色颗粒状;颗粒状愈伤组织在MS＋KT0.2 mg.L-1的培养基中生长出大量丛生芽,转化率可达66.3%;MS＋IAA 0.2 mg.L-1＋NAA 0.2 mg.L-1培养基可有效促进幼孢子体苗生根。     

甜高粱再生体系的建立

利用甜高粱成熟种子和成熟胚作为外植体,通过愈伤组织再生途径建立了植株再生体系。结果表明,成熟种子在添加1.38 g·L^-1脯氨酸、500 mg·L^-1水解酪蛋白和3.0 mg·L^-1 2,4-D的MS培养基上可以较快地诱导出生长状态良好的愈伤组织;成熟胚在添加1.38 g·L^-1脯氨酸、500mg·L^-1水解酪蛋白、2.5 mg·L^-1 2,4-D和0.1 mg·L^-1KT的MS培养基上也能诱导出生长良好的愈伤组织。将愈伤组织转移到MS＋1 mg.L^-1 IAA＋0.5 mg·L^-1 6-BA培养基上诱导芽,然后再转移到MS＋3 mg·L^-1IBA培养基上生根后,可发育成为完整的植株。     

枸杞原生质体培养及高效成株体系的建立

由枸杞髓部组织诱导出胚性愈伤组织,并由此愈伤组织建立起稳定的细胞悬浮系,从悬浮细胞游离的原生质体在改良KM培养基（1．5mg/L 6-BA,0.5mg/L NAA和0．5mg/L2,4-D)中进行液体浅层培养,3－4d后出现第一次分裂,第7d统计分裂频率为50．3％,15d左右可形成细胞团,3－4周后形成肉眼可见的愈伤组织,愈伤组织植板率为1．25％,将细胞团转移到液体分化培养基（MS＋6－BA 1．5mg/L 2,4-D 0.2mg/L)8-10d可形成大量胚状体,及时将胚性愈伤组织块转移到固体分化培养基上（MS 6-BA 0.2mg/L)可形成大量绿芽,分化率54．17％。绿芽在生根培养基（MS＋NAA 0．2mg/L)可形成完整植株,移栽后成活良好。     

中麻黄的组织培养

1植物名称中麻黄（Ephedraintermedia）。2材料类别幼茎。3培养条件愈伤组织诱导及其继代培养基：(1)MS＋KT0．05mg·L－1＋2．4D1．1mg·L－1（单位下同）;（2）芽分化培养基：MS＋BA3＋IAA0．2;（3）生根培养基：MS＋BA0．06＋2,4-D1.1。以上培养基均加30g·L-1蔗糖,9g·L-1琼脂,pH值5.8左右,高压灭菌。培养温度(25±）℃,光照12h·d－1,光照度2000lx.4生长与分化情况4.1愈伤组织诱导及继代培养无菌操作下,切取中麻黄幼苗节间幼茎5mm大小,置培养基（1）上。15d后,淡黄绿色愈伤组织开始生长,愈伤组织疏松易碎。再过1…     

球子蕨孢子的无菌繁殖

以球子蕨成熟孢子为外植体,研究了不同激素及浓度对其孢子萌发、愈伤组织诱导、丛生芽分化及生根的影响。结果表明：孢子萌发最适培养基为1／2MS＋2％蔗糖,20d后萌发率达55．7％;诱导愈伤组织的最适培养基为MS＋0．5mg·L-1 KT＋0．5mg·L～2,4-D,诱导率达36％,愈伤组织为绿色颗粒状;颗粒状愈伤组织在不添加激素的MS培养基中即可生长出大量丛生芽,转化率可达49．3％;低浓度（0．2mg·L-1）的IAA可有效促进幼孢子体苗生根。     

芥菜型油菜原生质体再生成植株的研究

芥菜型油菜子叶和下胚轴原生质体在含0.5毫克/升NAA、0.5毫克/升2,4-D和1毫克/升BA的Nitsch培养基中发育成愈伤组织。“黄辣芥”子叶原生质体来源的愈伤组织在无生长素而含有3毫克/升BA或2毫克/升KIN的MS固体培养基上分化了芽;即使是低水平的生长素(0.05毫克/升NAA)也不利于芽的分化。当芽长到2—3厘米高时,将其从愈伤组织上切下,转移到不含细胞分裂素而有0.01—0.05毫克/升IAA的MS培养基上,很快长出根,从而得到完整的再生植株。     

罗布麻子叶和下胚轴再生植株的培养

本文报道了用罗布麻（Apocynum venetam)幼苗的子叶和下胚轴切段诱导出愈伤组织和再生植株。结果表明,愈伤组织的诱导在附加0.5mg/L6－BA和0.1-1mg/L NAA的MS培养基上为最好。在附加0.5mg/L NAA的MS培养基上培养愈伤组织能促进芽的分化,当NAA浓度增加到1mg/L时则能抑制芽的分化。随后在附加0.4mg/L IBA的MS培养基上诱导生根,获得完整再生植株。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.