贵州苗族、水族10对遗传性状的基因频率

本文调查了贵州苗族448人、水族465人10对群体遗传学性状。结果显示: 贵州苗族和水族群体睫毛、拇指类型、中指毛3对遗传性状基因频率间具有显著性差异(P＜0.05); 叠舌、卷舌、前额发际、耵聍、鼻尖、环食指长、小指弯曲7 对遗传性状基因频率间无显著性差异(P > 0. 05); 贵州苗族、水族群体10对遗传性状间相关性不大。     

贵州苗族5项遗传性状分析

调查贵州苗族111例(男54例,女57例)耳垂、发旋、双手嵌合、酒窝和惯用手5项遗传性状的基因频率。在贵州苗族群体中耳垂的隐性基因频率高于显性基因频率;发旋在两性中分布存在极显著差异(P0.05);贵州苗族5项遗传性状的基因频率与国内其他地区汉族和少数民族存在差异,贵州苗族具有独特遗传性状特征。     

贵州苗族5项遗传性状分析北大核心CSCD

调查贵州苗族111例(男54例,女57例)耳垂、发旋、双手嵌合、酒窝和惯用手5项遗传性状的基因频率。在贵州苗族群体中耳垂的隐性基因频率高于显性基因频率;发旋在两性中分布存在极显著差异(P<0.01)。贵州苗族5对性状中,惯用手与其他性状间存在极显著相关性,而其他4对性状间不存在相关性(P>0.05);贵州苗族5项遗传性状的基因频率与国内其他地区汉族和少数民族存在差异,贵州苗族具有独特遗传性状特征。     

贵州布依族、仫佬族和毛南族9对遗传性状的基因频率

对贵州布依族、仫佬族和毛南族1239例的9对遗传性状的基因频率进行了调查, 并对民族间基因频率差异进行显著性检验。结果显示: 卷舌和小指弯曲的显性基因频率高于隐性基因频率, 而叠舌、前额发际、发旋、耵聍、拇指类型、中指毛、环食指长则相反; 卷舌、叠舌、前额发际、耵聍、拇指类型、环食指长的基因频率在民族间差异较大, 而发旋、中指毛、小指弯曲则相对较小。     

湖南苗族10对遗传性状的基因频率

报道了湖南苗族321(男164,女157)例中学生的拇指类型、中指毛、眼睑、耳垂、前额发际、环食指长、小指弯曲、蒙古褶、达尔文结、发旋共10对遗传性状的基因频率。研究显示,中指毛的显性基因频率最高,明显高于除眼睑和小指弯曲外的其他7对性状的显性基因频率；而且,湖南苗族多数遗传性状的显性基因频率与国内其他民族存在显著差异。     

新疆四个民族八对遗传性状的基因频率

在调查新疆维吾尔、哈萨克、柯尔克孜、塔吉克族8对遗传性状的基础上分别计算出8对遗传性状在上述4个民族中的基因频率, 并进行了4个民族之间基因频率的比较。比较结果表明:塔吉克与其他3个民族之间基因频率的差异显著,而哈族与柯族之间的差异不显著。 Abstract:Acoording to the investigation of eight pairs of genetic traits among four minorities in Xinjiang (Uygur,Kazak,Kirgiz and Tajik),the gene frequencies of these traits were respectively calculated and compared.The results indicated that the difference of gene frequencies between Tajik and other three populations significant,while it is insignificant between kazak and Kirgiz.     

内蒙古5个民族12对性状的基因频率

报道了内蒙古地区鄂温克、鄂伦春、达斡尔、蒙古族和汉族12对遗传性状的基因频率,并进行民族间基因频率的比较。结果显示：内眦褶性状的民族间差异较大,叠舌性状次之,利手和鼻梁侧面观性状的民族间差异较小。 Abstract:The gene frequency of 12 characters was reported in Ewenki,Oroqen,Daur,Mongol and Han nationalities in Inner Mongolia,and compared among these nationalities.The result indicated that the difference of Mongoloid fold among nationalities was significant,followed by the Folding tongue,while the difference of Handedness and Nasal profile was relatively insignificant.     

湖南汉族、侗族16对遗传性状的调查

本对湖南汉族、侗族的16对遗传性状进行了调查。计算出了每对性状的出现率及除扣手和交叉臂外的14对遗传性状的基因频率,分别析了民族间和性别间的差异,同时还分析了惯用手,扣手、交叉臂之间的关系。     

黑龙江省汉族大学生遗传性状调查分析

调查了黑龙江省675例大学生的苯硫脲尝味能力、眼睑、卷舌、发式、发旋、额前发际、耳垂、达尔文结节、拇指端关节外展的调节类型共9对遗传性状的基因频率。结果显示6个隐性基因频率高于显性基因频率;而且黑龙江地区汉族多数遗传性状的隐性基因频率与国内其他地区汉族存在显著差异。黑龙江省汉族人群已形成各地区汉族人群的遗传结构复合体。     

新疆维、哈、乌族中多指(趾)与否等4对遗传性状基因频率的分布

遗传学研究证明 ,多指 (趾 )与否 ,身体大部分多毛与否 ,棕色粘湿耳垢或灰色干燥耳垢和头发中有一绺白发与否等都是人类重要遗传性状。研究证明 ,以上 4对遗传性状的基因都分布于常染色体上 ,这些性状 (身体特征 )分别都由一对等位基因所控制[1] 。新疆维吾尔、哈萨克、乌孜别克族人群中以上 4对遗传性状及其基因频率的分布未见报道 ,因此 ,我们在 1998年分别对上述 3个民族的以上 4对遗传性状进行了调查。1　调查对象和方法1998年 2～ 6月对乌鲁木齐市、伊宁市、塔城地区的维吾尔、哈萨克、乌孜别克族男女进行以上 4对遗传性状调查。被调查…     

Gene frequency of five genetic characteristics in six nationalities in Southern Guizhou Province, China

Five characteristics (hair forms, nasal profile, nostril forms, mongoloid fold and upper eyelid fold) were respectively investigated in six nationalities, including the Buyi, Miao, Shui, Maonan, Dong, and Han nationalities in Southern Guizhou, China. The gene frequencies of five characteristics in the six nationalities were estimated and compared. The results indicated that: (1) for hair forms and nasal profile, the frequency of the dominant gene was lower than that of their recessive gene, but the opposite was true for nostril forms. (2) Among different nationalities, the difference of gene frequency of the mongoloid fold, nasal profile, hair forms and upper eyelid fold was quite significant, which was followed by that of nostril forms. __________ Translated from Hereditas, 2006, 28(4): 399–402 [译自: 遗传]     

Gene frequency of five genetic characteristics in six nationalities in Southern Guizhou Province,China

Five characteristics (hair forms,nasal profile,nostril forms,mongoloid fold and upper eyelid fold) were respectively investigated in six nationalities,including the Buyi,Miao,Shui,Maonan,Dong,and Han nationalities in Southern Guizhou,China.The gene frequencies of five characteristics in the six nationalities were estimated and compared.The results indicated that:(1) for hair forms and nasal profile,the frequency of the dominant gene was lower than that of their recessive gene,but the opposite was true for nostril forms.(2) Among different nationalities,the difference of gene frequency of the mongoloid fold,nasal profile,hair forms and upper eyelid fold was quite significant,which was followed by that of nostril forms.     

兴安盟3个民族10对性状的基因频率

调查了内蒙古兴安盟汉、蒙古、朝鲜族的10对遗传性状,并计算了各民族每一性状的基因频率,同时也进行了民族间基因频率的比较。比较结果显示:汉族－朝鲜族间差异较大,蒙古族－朝鲜族间次之,汉族－蒙古族间差异较小。 Abstract：Ten genetic traits were investigated in Han,Mongol and Chaoxian nationalities in Xing'an League of Inner Mongolia.The gene frequency of the traits was calculated in each nationality and compared between the nationalities.The result indicated that the difference of gene frequency between Han and Chaoxian nationalities was significant,followed by between Mongol and Chaoxian ones,whileit was relatively insignificant between Han and Mongol ones.     

贵州野生猕猴桃表型遗传多样性分析

通过对146份贵州猕猴桃种质资源表型遗传多样性的研究,为贵州猕猴桃品种选育打下基础,对146份不同区域猕猴桃种质资源48个质量性状进行描述、赋值,并结合单果重等9个数量性状,使用主成分分析、聚类分析等进行综合评价。结果表明,57个质量性状和数量性状均存在丰富的多样性和变异性;146份资源的Shannon’s遗传多样性指数为1.28,从各区域遗传多样性指数可以看出,演化进程上从遗传多样性指数高的地区向低的地区进行演化;主成分分析结果显示,前14个主成分累计贡献率达75.076%,其中前6个主成分的累计贡献率达51.911%,为提高品种选育和评价的工作效率,可将猕猴桃种质资源的描述指标简化为新梢被毛、果实被毛等18个性状;聚类结果显示,贵州猕猴桃种质的欧氏距离为1.00~25.00之间,在D=19.25处,146份野生猕猴桃分为6个类群。本文有效揭示了贵州省猕猴桃种质资源丰富的多样性和亲缘关系,明确野生猕猴桃各种群间性状区分特征和部分优良资源性状的地理分布,对贵州猕猴桃种质资源的种质鉴定、保护利用和品种选育有重要意义。     

中国广东汉族人群核苷酸修复基因hMTH1 遗传多态性研究

为研究中国南方汉族人群核苷酸修复基因hMTH1遗传多态性,应用聚合酶链反应-单链构象多态性技术检测172名健康人外周血白细胞hMTH1基因启动子及全部5个外显子多态性,并进行DNA测序。结果发现hMTH1基因启动子及外显子1序列保守,未见突变;外显子2第73位碱基存在T→C杂合型突变,基因型TT和TC频率分别为93.02%、6.98%,等位基因T和C频率分别为96.51%、3.49％;外显子3第45位遗传密码存在T→C杂合型突变,基因型TT和TC频率分别为95.35%、4.65%,等位基因T和C频率分别为97.67%、2.33%,该多态性为首次发现;外显子4第83位遗传密码存在G→A杂合型突变,基因型GG和GA频率分别为89.53%、10.47%,等位基因G和A频率分别为94.77%、5.23％;外显子5第119位氨基酸遗传密码存在C→T杂合型突变,基因型CC和CT频率分别为95.93%、4.07%,等位基因C和T频率分别为97.97%、2.03％。Abstract: In order to study the genetic polymorphisms of nucleotide repair gene hMTH1 in southern Chinese Han population, the polymorphisms of the gene’s promoter and its five exons among peripheral blood lymphocytes of 172 Chinese Han people were analyzed with polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and DNA sequencing. The sequences of the promoter and exon 1 of hMTH1 gene were conserved. A T to C polymorphism was detected at the 73th base in exon2. The genotype frequencies of TT and TC were 93.02% and 6.98%, respectively. The allelic frequencies of T and C were 96.51% and 3.49％, respectively. A T to C polymorphism was detected at codon 45 in exon3, which was first reported. The genotype frequencies of TT and TC were 95.35% and 4.65%, respectively. The allelic frequencies of T and C were 97.67% and 2.33%, respectively. A G to A polymorphism was detected at codon 83 in exon4. The genotype frequencies of GG and GA were 89.53% and 10.47%, respectively. The allelic frequencies of G and A were 94.77% and 5.23％, respectively. A C to T polymorphism was detected at codon 119 in exon5. The genotype frequencies of CC and CT were 95.93% and 4.07%, respectively. The allelic frequencies of C and T were 97.97% and 2.03％, respectively.