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Human HDAC7 harbors a class IIa histone deacetylase-specific zinc binding motif and cryptic deacetylase activity 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Schuetz A Min J Allali-Hassani A Schapira M Shuen M Loppnau P Mazitschek R Kwiatkowski NP Lewis TA Maglathin RL McLean TH Bochkarev A Plotnikov AN Vedadi M Arrowsmith CH 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2008,283(17):11355-11363
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Jones P Altamura S De Francesco R Gallinari P Lahm A Neddermann P Rowley M Serafini S Steinkühler C 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2008,18(6):1814-1819
It has been widely debated whether class IIa HDACs have catalytic deacetylase activity, and whether this plays any part in controlling gene expression. Herein, it has been demonstrated that class IIa HDACs isolated from mammalian cells are contaminated with other deacetylases, but can be prepared cleanly in Escherichia coli. These bacteria preparations have weak but measurable deacetylase activity. The low efficiency can be restored either by: mutation of an active site histidine to tyrosine, or by the use of a non-acetylated lysine substrate, allowing the development of assays to identify class IIa HDAC inhibitors. 相似文献
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Lombardi PM Cole KE Dowling DP Christianson DW 《Current opinion in structural biology》2011,(6):735-743
Metal-dependent histone deacetylases (HDACs) catalyze the hydrolysis of acetyl-L-lysine side chains in histone and nonhistone proteins to yield l-lysine and acetate. This chemistry plays a critical role in the regulation of numerous biological processes. Aberrant HDAC activity is implicated in various diseases, and HDACs are validated targets for drug design. Two HDAC inhibitors are currently approved for cancer chemotherapy, and other inhibitors are in clinical trials. To date, X-ray crystal structures are available for four human HDACs (2, 4, 7, and 8) and three HDAC-related deacetylases from bacteria (histone deacetylase-like protein (HDLP); histone deacetylase-like amidohydrolase (HDAH); acetylpolyamine amidohydrolase (APAH)). Structural comparisons among these enzymes reveal a conserved constellation of active site residues, suggesting a common mechanism for the metal-dependent hydrolysis of acetylated substrates. Structural analyses of HDACs and HDAC-related deacetylases guide the design of tight-binding inhibitors, and future prospects for developing isozyme-specific inhibitors are quite promising. 相似文献
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Cardiac hypertrophy is a form of global remodeling, although the initial step
seems to be an adaptation to increased hemodynamic demands. The characteristics
of cardiac hypertrophy include the functional reactivation of the arrested fetal
gene program, where histone deacetylases (HDACs) are closely linked in the
development of the process. To date, mammalian HDACs are divided into four
classes: I, II, III, and IV. By structural similarities, class II HDACs are then
subdivided into IIa and IIb. Among class I and II HDACs, HDAC2, 4, 5, and 9 have
been reported to be involved in hypertrophic responses; HDAC4, 5, and 9 are
negative regulators, whereas HDAC2 is a pro-hypertrophic mediator. The molecular
function and regulation of class IIa HDACs depend largely on the
phosphorylation-mediated cytosolic redistribution, whereas those of HDAC2 take
place primarily in the nucleus. In response to stresses, posttranslational
modification (PTM) processes, dynamic modifications after the translation of
proteins, are involved in the regulation of the activities of those
hypertrophy-related HDACs. In this article, we briefly review 1) the activation
of HDAC2 in the development of cardiac hypertrophy and 2) the PTM of HDAC2 and
its implications in the regulation of HDAC2 activity. [BMB Reports 2015; 48(3):
131-138] 相似文献
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Jones P Bottomley MJ Carfí A Cecchetti O Ferrigno F Lo Surdo P Ontoria JM Rowley M Scarpelli R Schultz-Fademrecht C Steinkühler C 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2008,18(11):3456-3461
The identification of class II HDAC inhibitors has been hampered by lack of efficient enzyme assays, in the preceding paper two assays have been developed to improve the efficiency of these enzymes: mutating an active site histidine to tyrosine, or by the use of a trifluoroacetamide lysine substrate, allowing screening to identify class II HDAC inhibitors. Herein, 2-trifluoroacetylthiophenes have been demonstrated to inhibit class II HDACs, resulting in the development of a series of 5-(trifluoroacetyl)thiophene-2-carboxamides as novel, potent and selective class II HDAC inhibitors. X-ray crystal structures of the HDAC 4 catalytic domain with a bound inhibitor demonstrate these compounds are active site inhibitors and bind in their hydrated form. 相似文献
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Sirtuins are NAD+-dependent protein deacetylase enzymes that are broadly conserved from bacteria to human, and have been implicated to play important roles in gene regulation, metabolism and longevity. cobB is a bacterial sirtuin that deacetylates acetyl-CoA synthetase (Acs) at an active site lysine to stimulate its enzymatic activity. Here, we report the structure of cobB bound to an acetyl-lysine containing non-cognate histone H4 substrate. A comparison with the previously reported archaeal and eukaryotic sirtuin structures reveals the greatest variability in a small zinc-binding domain implicated to play a particularly important role in substrate-specific binding by the sirtuin proteins. Comparison of the cobB/histone H4 complex with other sirtuin proteins in complex with acetyl-lysine containing substrates, further suggests that contacts to the acetyl-lysine side-chain and beta-sheet interactions with residues directly C-terminal to the acetyl-lysine represent conserved features of sirtuin-substrate recognition. Isothermal titration calorimetry studies were used to compare the affinity of cobB for a variety of cognate and non-cognate acetyl-lysine-bearing peptides revealing an exothermic reaction with relatively little discrimination between substrates. In contrast, similar studies employing intact acetylated Acs protein as a substrate reveal a binding reaction that is endothermic, suggesting that cobB recognition of substrate involves a burial of hydrophobic surface and/or structural rearrangement involving substrate regions distal to the acetyl-lysine-binding site. Together, these studies suggest that substrate-specific binding by sirtuin proteins involves contributions from the zinc-binding domain of the enzyme and substrate regions distal to the acetyl-lysine-binding site. 相似文献
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Robin Bonomi Uday Mukhopadhyay Aleksandr Shavrin Hsien-Hsien Yeh Anjoy Majhi Sajeewa W. Dewage Amer Najjar Xin Lu G. Andrés Cisneros William P. Tong Mian M. Alauddin Ren-Shuan Liu Thomas J. Mangner Nashaat Turkman Juri G. Gelovani 《PloS one》2015,10(8)
Histone deacetylases (HDAC’s) became increasingly important targets for therapy of various diseases, resulting in a pressing need to develop HDAC class- and isoform-selective inhibitors. Class IIa deacetylases possess only minimal deacetylase activity against acetylated histones, but have several other client proteins as substrates through which they participate in epigenetic regulation. Herein, we report the radiosyntheses of the second generation of HDAC class IIa–specific radiotracers: 6-(di-fluoroacetamido)-1-hexanoicanilide (DFAHA) and 6-(tri-fluoroacetamido)-1-hexanoicanilide ([18F]-TFAHA). The selectivity of these radiotracer substrates to HDAC class IIa enzymes was assessed in vitro, in a panel of recombinant HDACs, and in vivo using PET/CT imaging in rats. [18F]TFAHA showed significantly higher selectivity for HDAC class IIa enzymes, as compared to [18F]DFAHA and previously reported [18F]FAHA. PET imaging with [18F]TFAHA can be used to visualize and quantify spatial distribution and magnitude of HDAC class IIa expression-activity in different organs and tissues in vivo. Furthermore, PET imaging with [18F]TFAHA may advance the understanding of HDACs class IIa mediated epigenetic regulation of normal and pathophysiological processes, and facilitate the development of novel HDAC class IIa-specific inhibitors for therapy of different diseases. 相似文献