Alkaloids of Argemone fruticosa and A. echinata

Argemone fruticosa Thurber ex Gray was analyzed and found to contain hunnemanine as the major alkaloid along with allocryptopine. A. echinata G. B. Ownb. was found to contain cryptopine and berberine as major alkaloids. These analyses indicate that these two species belong among the more specialized species of the genus.     

Alkaloids of Thermopsis Lupinoides

Ammodendrine, together with seven other known lupin alkaloids, was isolated from Thermopsis lupinoides. (+)-Lupanine (+)-17-oxolupanine occurred together with (?)anagyrine, (?)-baptifoline, (?)-cytisine, (?)-N-methylcytisine (?)N-formylcytisine. These alkaloids have the opposite stereochemistry to that of (+)-lupanine and (+)-17-oxolupanine. The distribution of alkaloids in fresh flowers, leaves, stems roots of this plant was also examined.     

Alkaloidal content of argentine Argemone

The alkaloid content of different Argentine Argemone has been determined. Two varieties of A. subfusiformis subsp. subfusiformis Ownb. and A. subfusiformis subsp. subinermis Ownb. yielded a similar ratio and content of the following alkaloids: protopine, allocrytopine, berberine, sanguinarine, and chelerythrine. The A. subfusiformis taxa showed a markedly high sanguinarine content in roots as opposed to aerial parts. A. polyanthemos (Fedde) Ownb. showed a different ratio between alkaloids but a qualitative similar result. N-Norchelerythrine was isolated from A. polyanthemos. The chemotaxonomic value of the alkaloid analyses is discussed.     

Alkaloids of argemone subintegrifolia and A. munita

Argemóne subintegrifolia G. B. Ownb. (Papaveraceae) was found to contain 0.14% total alkaloids consisting of 70 % allocryptopine, 20 % protopine,     

Alkaloids and other constituents of Zanthoxylum williamsii,Z. monophyllum and Z. fagara

Zanthoxylum williamsii (Rutaceae) was found to contain (+)-asaranin, (+)-sesamin, esculetin dimethyl ether, nitidine, chelerythrine, magnoflorine, laurifoline, skimmianine and edulinine. The quaternary alkaloid fraction of Z. monophyllum contained berberine, magnoflorine, chelerythrine and a 1,2,9,10-substituted dihydroxydimethoxy-N,N-dimethylaporphinium salt. Leaves of Z. fagara were found to contain synephrine. Leaves of each species were examined for the presence of bishordeninyl terpene alkaloids, but none was found. Some chemotaxonomic relationships among Zanthoxylum species are discussed.     

Meconic acid as a chemotaxonomic marker in the papaveraceae

Of 48 species of Papaveraceae examined representing 12 genera, 24 were shown to contain meconic acid and of these, 21 were Papaver species. Meconopsis cambrica was also found to contain meconic acid, in contrast to other species of Meconopsis examined. One recent rearrangement of the Papaveraceae includes a grouping of Papaver, Roemeria and Stylomecon together with M. cambrica and our further discovery of meconic acid in two Roemaria species examined leads to the conclusion that meconic acid may be a distinctive taxonomic feature of this new grouping. Some attempt has also been made to correlate meconic acid occurrence with that of certain types of alkaloids, and of chelidonic acid.     

Isokuraramine and (−)-7,11-dehydromatrine,lupin alkaloids from flowers of Sophora flavescens

Two new lupin alkaloids, isokuraramine and (?)-7, 11-dihydromatrine, were isolated from the fresh flowers of Sophora flavescens along with 16 kno     

Alkaloids of some south american erythroxylum species

Fourteen South American species of Erythroxylum representing four sections of the genus were examined for tropane and related alkaloids. The alkaloid content of the dried material ranged from 0.002 to 0.20 %. Commonly, the alkaloids involved were esters of various tropanols with benzoic and phenylacetic acids. A new alkaloid, nortropacocaine, was isolated from E. mamacoca. Mass spectrometry indicated the existence of other new bases, cuscohygrine and, in some species dihydrocuscohygrine. Chemotaxonomic implications are discussed.     

Alkaloids of callus tissues and redifferentiated plantlets in the papaveraceae

The callus tissues from 11 representative species of the Papaveraceae and the redifferentiated plantlets from four species were successfully derived and maintained. The alkaloids in the callus tissues and redifferentiated plantlets were examined in comparison with those of the original plants. All the callus tissues are similar in their alkaloid chemistry and contain benzophenanthridine, protopine and aporphine type alkaloids. By contrast, the plantlets have a more specific alkaloid pattern, being similar in content to the original plants.     

Phenolics from the seeds of Argemone mexicana

Two new phenolic compounds, 5, 7, 2′, 6′-tetrahydroxyflavone and 5, 7-dihydroxychromone 7- neohesperidoside have been characterized from the seeds of Argemone mexicana.     

Alkaloids of Uncaria callophylla

A verified sample of Uncaria callophylla was investigated for its alkaloid content. The stems provided mainly pseudoyohimbine and dihydrocorynantheine while the leaves furnished dihydrocorynantheine, gambirine and an unknown dimeric alkaloid probably derived from gambirine and pseudoyohimbine.     

Chemical investigations of herbarium material for alkaloids

The chemical and biological screening of plants is reviewed briefly as an introduction to the concept of the use of herbarium material for investigations into the chemical constituents of plants. Such materials have been examined for a wide range of chemicals, and in particular, examples of the extraction of alkaloids from species of Rubiaceae and Papaveraceae are discussed. The present state of the art of such physical techniques as mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry for these investigations is commented upon and the plea is made that, wherever possible, wider use be made of herbarium material for chemical studies.     

小果博落回的生物碱分离与鉴定

以D101大孔吸附树脂为吸附剂,将对小果博落回全草的酸水提取物分为50%乙醇洗脱部分和丙酮洗脱部分.对两部分洗脱物分别进行硅胶柱色谱分离,由50%乙醇洗脱部分得到5个生物碱:二氢血根碱(1),二氢白屈菜红碱(2),6-乙氧基血根碱(3),6-丙酮基血根碱(4)和Bocconarborine A (5).由丙酮洗脱部分得到原阿片碱(6),α-别隐品碱(7),β-别隐品碱(8)和小檗红碱(9).采用波谱分析对化合物进行了结构表征,结果表明,化合物3、4、5、9是首次从该植物中分离得到.     

Alkaloids of Fumaria vaillantii

The aerial parts of Turkish Fumaria vaillantii yielded 26 isoquinoline alkaloids. Of these, oxysanguinarine, (±)-8-acetonyldihydrosanguinarine, (±)-8-methoxydihydrosanguinarine and fumaramidine are reported for the first time from this plant. New alkaloids for the genus Fumaria are dihydrosanguinarine, norsanguinarine, (+)-isocorydine, (?)-corledine and (+)-juziphine. This is the first occurrence of the isoquinolone N-methylcorydaldine in a member of the Fumariaceae. Spectral data are given for the new compound, E-fumaramine.     

Alkaloids,limonoids and furocoumarins from three Mexican Esenbeckia species

The chemical constituents of three Mexican Esenbeckia species have been determined. Rutaevin was the main limonoid present in the seeds of all three species, E. litoralis, E. flava and E. berlandieri. The husks, leaves, wood and bark contained a wide array of known furocoumarins and furoquinoline alkaloids. In addition, 1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-N-methylacridone was obtained from E. litoralis bark and a new natural 2-quinolone alkaloid, formulated as 3,3-diisopropyl-N-methyl-2,4-quinoldione, was obtained from E. flava wood. The structure was assigned from spectroscopic considerations and conversion to N-methylhaplofoline.