公立医院财政预算项目绩效评价结果应用研究

我国启动了公立医院财政预算项目绩效评价试点工作,但绩效评价结果应用上尚处于探索阶段。介绍了财政部和主管部门对公立医院财政预算项目绩效评价结果应用的政策要求,提出了加强项目绩效评价结果应用的建议,包括结果反馈、结果公开和结果挂钩。

     

水涨龙眼结果母枝与果穗性状相关性的研究

作者对水涨龙眼结果母枝与果穗生长的关系进行了研究。结果表明,结果性能良好的结果母枝,其粗度主要分布范围为0.60-0.90厘米,长度为5-13厘米,复叶数为5-8个。结果母枝粗度与果穗生长关系最为密切,可作为衡量结果性能的主要生物学指标。提高结果母枝粗度可明显增加果穗重量,从而提高龙眼产量。当结果母枝粗度增加,果实数量相应增多时,其果穗会出现小果数增多和单果重下降的现象,可能与树体营养水平有关。上述研究结果,可为制定培养优良结果母枝的综合农业栽培措施提供重要依据。     

梨早实性遗传的研究

试验于1970年杂交,1971年播种,包括11个杂交组合的514个杂种。少数杂种实生苗在3年生时便开始结果,大多数在4、5年。八云×杭青组合的杂种4年生结果树达70％,平均始果年龄为4.33年。以结果早的品种为杂交亲本,可以产生早结果的后代,结果晚的亲本的后代结果也晚。例如严州雪×消梨的杂种,在6年生时才有50％植株结果,平均始果年龄     

实验小鼠肾匀浆中酯酶-3的实验室测定能力验证结果评价

目的通过实验小鼠肾匀浆中酯酶-3项目的检测比对,了解全国实验动物质量检测实验室的水平,促进各实验室加强质控。方法按照CNAS批准的能力验证方案,制备样品并将稳定性和均匀性合格的样品作为能力验证样品,进行随机编号,随作业指导书一起发放给参加单位。在规定时限提交检验报告和原始记录复印件,其结果与样品预检结果完全一致的判为优秀结果;除杂合型判定以外的结果均一致的判定为满意结果,否则判为不满意结果。结果共10个实验室报名参加本次比对试验,其中优秀结果 0个实验室;满意结果的有9个实验室,占参加比对实验室的90.0%;不满意结果 1个实验室,占参加比对实验室的10.0%。结论本次能力验证项目反映了各参与实验室在实验小鼠肾匀浆中酯酶-3的总体检测能力较高,但检测细节及部分实验室技术水平还有待提高。     

ICU患者肠道定植产ESBLs大肠埃希菌基因同源性研究

目的研究ICU患者肠道定植产ESBLs大肠埃希菌基因的同源性,为制定控制多重耐菌医院感染措施提供流行病学和分子生物学依据。方法对ICU患者肛拭子分离出的80株产ESBLs大肠埃希菌做药敏试验,对药敏结果表型完全相同的分成组,对筛选出的药敏表型完全相同的菌株采用Diversilab自动化重复序列（REP）-PCR（repetitive—element sequence—basedPCR）分型系统,分析肠道定植产ESBLs大肠埃希菌基因的同源性。结果80株菌株中有56株未找到药敏结果相同的菌株,未做基因同源性检测;有7组2株药敏表型结果完全相同,有2组3株药敏表型结果完全相同,有1组4株药敏表型结果完全相同,10组药敏表型结果完全相同的菌株做基因同源性检测;7组2株药敏表型结果完全相同只有1组基因有同源性,2组3株药敏表型结果完全相同只有1组中的2株基因有同源性,1组4株药敏表型结果完全相同基因无同源性。5株来源于不同组别药敏表型结果不完全相同的菌株基因具有同源性;具有同源性的菌株患者分别来源于不同时间和不同地点的患者。结论肠道定植产ESBLs大肠埃希菌大部分药敏结果不完全相同;药敏结果完全相同的菌株基因不一定有同源性,药敏结果不完全相同的菌株基因少部分有同源性。     

用721分光仪测定大豆赖氨酸的方法

本文介绍了改用721分光仪测定大豆赖氨酸含量的方法。将其试验结果与835型氨基酸分析仪结果相对照,经T检验差异不显著,相关性结果达0.99。两种仪器分析结果基本一致。说明改用721分光仪测定大豆赖氨酸含量是可行的。     

尿内毒素定量检测对快速诊断革兰阴性菌导致的泌尿道感染的价值研究

目的研究尿内毒素定量检测与培养结果的一致性,及对于快速诊断革兰阴性菌导致的泌尿道感染的价值。方法采用动态浊度法鲎试验定量检测240份尿液中的内毒素含量,同时进行常规尿培养和鉴定,SPSS 16.0分析检测结果,采用t检验比较不同培养结果之间内毒素检测结果差异的显著性,Kappa值评价内毒素检测和培养结果的一致性。结果培养结果为革兰阴性菌生长的尿液标本,与革兰阳性菌或真菌生长及培养2 d无菌生长的标本内毒素定量检测结果的差异有统计学意义(t=11.98,t=12.00,均为P0.001);革兰阳性菌或真菌生长的尿液标本与培养2 d无菌生长的标本内毒素定量检测结果的差异无统计学意义(t=1.38,P=0.183)。结论尿内毒素定量检测对于快速诊断革兰阴性菌导致的泌尿道感染有着较好的应用前景。     

临检室血液检验室间质量评价回报结果分析

目的:提高临床检验室血液分析和检测的准确性与可比性,对临检室血液检验室间的评价回报结果进行准确分析。方法:对本院2004-2013年间红细胞、血红蛋白、白细胞以及红细胞压积和血小板的临检室血液检验室间的质量回报结果进行综合性回顾分析。结果:上述五项检验指标的总体符合率达到了90%。结论:对临检室血液检验室间进行质量评价可以提高上述指标检验结果的质量,且检验结果与检验人员的专业能力、室内质控的建立以及检验试剂的质量和血球分析仪等仪器的操作标准有关。为提高各项检测结果的质量,应及时发现并总结问题,从而提高各项指标检验结果的准确性。     

基于SNP数据检测染色体拷贝数结果可信度分析

利用SNP数据检测肿瘤细胞染色体拷贝数变异是癌症相关研究的一个热点,目前已有多种方法可以通过分析SNP array数据检测染色体拷贝数。然而在某些情况下,这些检测方法检测结果与真实拷贝数具有一定错误率。目前并没有方法研究预测结果发生错误的规律。本文分别分析了GPHMM,ASCAT两种检测方法结果信息熵与检测正确率的关系,发现检测正确率与信息熵存在很强的相关性。通过对比不同肿瘤细胞比例下信息熵与正确率关系,本文发现随着肿瘤细胞比例的增大,检测结果信息熵平均值增大,方差减小;同时平均检测正确率也越来越大,方差显著减小。这些结果显示信息熵的大小可以反映出检测结果正确率的高低。最后,本文以高肿瘤细胞比例下拷贝数检测结果为例,研究了在变异类型单一,信息熵小的情况下,染色体倍性检测的正确率。结果表明信息熵可以作为衡量检测结果可信度的指标：即信息熵越高,检测结果越可信。     

新生儿鼻腔葡萄球菌带菌状况的调查分析

本文报道125名新生儿鼻腔葡萄球菌带菌及其药敏性检测结果。共检出各种葡萄球菌111株,总带菌率为88.8％。其中,金黄色葡萄球菌带菌率为1.6％。检出细菌对12种抗菌药物的药敏性检测结果,有11株全部敏感、为9.9％。本文检测结果还与正常成人检测的结果进行了比较分析。     

Human cytotoxic T cells stimulated by antigen on dendritic cells recognize the N, SH, F, M, 22K, and 1b proteins of respiratory syncytial virus.

We examined the human cytotoxic T-cell repertoire of nine adults to 9 of the 10 proteins of respiratory syncytial (RS) virus. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from normal adults were stimulated with RS virus in vitro. The resulting polyclonal cultures were tested for lysis of B-lymphoblastoid cell lines infected with recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing each of nine individual RS virus proteins. The use of peripheral blood dendritic cells to present antigen gave more easily reproducible results over a shorter culture period than conventional methods. The six RS virus proteins most strongly recognized were the nucleoprotein N (nine of nine donors with greater than 10% above background lysis; P = 0.0004), the surface proteins SH (six of nine donors; P = 0.002) and F (five of nine donors; P = 0.008), the matrix proteins M (five of nine donors; P = 0.004) and 22K (three of nine donors; P = 0.01) and the nonstructural protein 1b (six of nine donors; P = 0.004). There was no significant recognition of the major surface glycoprotein G (two of nine donors), the internal phosphoprotein P (one of nine donors), or the nonstructural protein 1c (one of nine donors). Recognition was major histocompatibility complex class I restricted, but no association between major histocompatibility complex phenotype and protein specificity of T cells was seen. Recognition of F and 22K appeared to be associated with recent infection indicated by increased levels of anti-RS virus immunoglobulin G antibody in serum measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Since cytotoxic T-cell recognition of RS virus proteins has been demonstrated to be important in the clearance of virus from infected hosts, the N, M, SH, 1b, F, and 22K proteins should be considered potential vaccine components.     

Effect of Cigarette Smoking on Competence of the Pylorus: Preliminary Study

The competence of the pylorus was studied in 13 normal volunteers and nine dyspeptic patients by means of a radiological technique involving intubation of the duodenum. The pylorus was found to be competent in most normal individuals and in fewer than half of the dyspeptic patients. However, on smoking a cigarette, appreciable increase in duodenogastric reflux was seen in nine out of the 13 normal volunteers and in seven out of the nine dyspeptic patients. Such induced pyloric incompetence and the resultant regurgitation of duodenal juices may explain the increased incidence of gastritis and gastric ulceration in heavy smokers.     

Embryoid formation in alfalfa cell suspension cultures from different plants

Summary Cell suspension cultures were initiated from shoot tips of nine plants of alfalfa. Our results indicated that considerably different nutritional conditions were required to induce embryogenesis in the cell cultures derived from these plants. By proper adjustment of the hormone level and mineral salt concentration it was possible to induce embryogenesis in all of the nine cultures tested. The embryoids from seven of the nine cultures were able to develop into plants.     

Bilirubin binding by the fractionated alternate allelic components of heterozygous monkey albumin

Analysis of bilirubin-binding parameters for purified albumin of nine rhesus monkeys heterozygous for albumin MacA and albumin MacB was performed after separating these two albumin forms by fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC). The binding capacity (n) for MacA-enriched samples was lower than that for the MacB variant in eight of nine fraction pairs analyzed, while the affinity constant (K) was higher in all nine MacA-enriched samples. The values for n X K were higher in MacA-enriched samples in eight of nine pairs tested. These data, together with previous studies, geographic specificity of the MacB variant, and the presence of dietary competitors for the primary bilirubin binding site on the albumin molecule, suggest an evolutionary advantage for the MacB variant only in areas where the dietary competitors are present.     

Management of Meloidogyne incognita with Chemicals and Cultivars in Cotton in a Semi-Arid Environment

Management of Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) in cotton in the United States was substantially affected by the decision to stop production of aldicarb by its principle manufacturer in 2011. The remaining commercially available tools to manage M. incognita included soil fumigation, nematicide seed treatments, postemergence nematicide application, and cultivars partially resistant to M. incognita. Small plot field studies were conducted on a total of nine sites from 2011–2013 to examine the effects of each of these tools alone or in combinations, on early season galling, late-season nematode density in soil, yield, and value ($/ha = lint value minus chemical costs/ha). The use of a partially resistant cultivar resulted in fewer galls/root system at 35 d after planting in eight of nine tests, lower root-knot nematode density late in the growing season for all test sites, higher lint yield in eight of nine sites, and higher value/ha in six of nine sites. Galls per root were reduced by aldicarb in three of nine sites and by 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) in two of eight sites, relative to the nontreated control (no insecticide or nematicide treatment). Soil fumigation reduced M. incognita density late in the season in three of nine sites. Value/ha was not affected by chemical treatment in four of nine sites, but there was a cultivar × chemical interaction in four of nine sites. When value/ha was affected by chemical treatment, the nontreated control had a similar value to the treatment with the highest value/ha in seven of eight cultivar-site combinations. The next “best” value/ha were associated with seed treatment insecticide (STI) + oxamyl and aldicarb (similar value to the highest value/ha in six of eight cultivar-site combinations). The lowest valued treatment was STI + 1,3-D. In a semi-arid region, where rainfall was low during the spring for all three years, cultivars with partial resistance to M. incognita was the most profitable method of managing root-knot nematode in cotton.     

Age-Related Features of Morphological and Functional Development of Myocardium in Children of Five to Nine Years

Age-related features of the morphological and functional development of the myocardium were studied by echo- (EchoCG) and electrocardiography (ECG) in 200 children five to nine years of age. The most intensive anatomical development of myocardium was observed at the age of five to seven years, and a significant increase in cardiac output was observed at the age of eight to nine years both in boys and girls. The ECG amplitude and time parameters significantly changed from of five to nine years of age and were most pronounced at the age of seven to eight years. Different changes in cardiac rhythm and excitation conduction as well as repolarization and metabolic disturbances in the myocardium were often observed at this age. Static physical exercise caused marked changes in bioelectric activity of the myocardium. Two types of central circulatory responses to static exercise were found: an increase and a decrease in cardiac output. The mechanisms of cardiac rhythm regulation, which caused an increase in the stroke volume as a response to exercise, were different in children from five to nine years old. At the age of five to six years the homeometric mechanism was a crucial factor in the increase in stroke volume as a response to exercise, and at the age of seven to nine years both homeo- and heterometric mechanisms of cardiac rhythm regulation were very important.     

九种杜鹃属植物的遗传分化研究

采用水平淀粉凝胶电泳技术 ,对 9种杜鹃属 ( Rhododendron)植物的遗传分化进行了初步研究。对 10个酶系统的 14个等位酶位点的检测表明 ,9种杜鹃花在种内个体间的遗传变异水平较高 ,多态位点比率数为 P=2 8.6%～ 57.1% ,等位基因平均数 A=1.3～ 1.9,平均预期杂合度 He=0 .111～ 0 .319,平均观察杂合度 Ho=0 .0 83～ 0 .381。种间的多态位点比率非常高 P=10 0 % ,这说明杜鹃属种间的遗传分化较高 ,具有丰富的遗传多样性。杂合性基因多样化比率 Fst=0 .683,表明各种间存在明显的遗传分化现象     

Oestrone binding properties of nine molecular variants of rat alpha-foetoprotein.

Rat alpha-foetoprotein was separated into nine molecular variants by electrophoresis and affinity chromatography on Ricinus communis agglutinin and concanavalin-A. The nine variants are able to bind oestrone with the same capacity of one binding site per alpha-foetoprotein molecule. The association constants seem to vary with the sialic acid composition of the iso-alpha-foetoprotein.     

Evaluation of HMFG2 and thyroglobulin in the diagnosis of thyroid fine needle aspiration (FNA)

In order to appraise the usefulness of HMFG₂ and thyroglobulin (Tg) as specific markers for the diagnosis of thyroid disease, we studied 63 FNA smears. Cases tested included 30 benign (nine colloid goitres, six cases of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, six Hürthle cell adenomas, nine follicular adenomas) and 33 malignant lesions (nine follicular carcinomas, 12 papillary carcinomas, nine anaplastic carcinomas, three medullary carcinomas). All cases with malignant lesions except the anaplastic carcinomas were positive for HMFG₂. Immunoreactive cells to HMFG₂ were also found in 15 adenomas out of 30 benign cases. Positive Tg reaction was found in benign and malignant thyroid lesions, except six cases of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, nine anaplastic and three medullary carcinomas. The results obtained indicate that morphology paired with immunocytochemistry can usually depict a more specific profile of thyroid lesions for better evaluation of the pathology.     

Formation of histamine and tyramine by some lactic acid bacteria in MRS-broth and modified decarboxylation agar

The ability of nine ale and nine lager brewing strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to produce volatile sulphur compounds during fermentation of brewers' wort was studied. In general, lager strains produced higher levels of hydrogen sulphide, methanethiol and methyl thioacetate than did ale strains. Methanethiol was shown to be a precursor of methyl thioacetate in both ale and lager strains.