首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 336 毫秒
1.
The achievement of effective alkaline hydrogen production from water electrolysis is an active field of research. Herein, an integrated electrode composed of crystalline Ni(OH)2 and amorphous NiMoOx is fabricated onto nickel foam (denoted as Ni(OH)2–NiMoOx/NF). The hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) kinetics are optimized along with phase transformation process during soaking operation. An overpotential of 36 mV to drive 10 mA cm?2 along with the low Tafel slope of 38 mV dec?1 reveals the catalyst's excellent HER performance and a Heyrovsky‐step‐controlled HER mechanism. When assembled into a urea‐assisted water electrolyzer, a voltage of 1.42 V can reach 10 mA cm?2. Further experiments and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results illustrate the synergy effect between crystalline and amorphous areas and the optimized water dissociation step. Crystalline Ni(OH)2 serves as the scissor for water dissociation in an alkali environment to produce H*, while the amorphous NiMoOx layer serves as the location for H* adsorption and H2 desorption.  相似文献   

2.
Currently, in addition to the electroactive non‐noble metal water‐splitting electrocatalysts, a scalable synthetic route and simple activity enhancement strategy is also urgently needed. In particular, the well‐controlled synthesis of the well‐recognized metal–metal nanointer face in a single step remains a key challenge. Here, the synthesis of Cu‐supported Ni4Mo nanodots on MoOx nanosheets (Ni4Mo/MoOx) with controllable Ni4Mo particle size and d‐band structure is reported via a facile one‐step electrodeposition process. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the active open‐shell effect from Ni‐3d‐band optimizes the electronic configuration. The Cu‐substrate enables the surface Ni–Mo alloy dots to be more electron‐rich, forming a local connected electron‐rich network, which boosts the charge transfer for effective binding of O‐related species and proton–electron charge exchange in the hydrogen evolution reaction. The Cu‐supported Ni4Mo/MoOx shows an ultralow overpotential of 16 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm?2 in 1 m KOH, demonstrating the smallest overpotential, at loadings as low as 0.27 mg cm?2, among all non‐noble metal catalysts reported to date. Moreover, an overpotential of 105 mV allows it to achieve a current density of 250 mA cm?2 in 70 °C 30% KOH, a remarkable performance for alkaline hydrogen evolution with competitive potential for applications.  相似文献   

3.
It is of great significance to develop highly efficient and superior stable oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts for upcoming electrochemical conversion technologies and clean energy systems. Here, an assembled 3D electrode is synthesized by a one‐step solvothermal process using such an original OER electrocatalyst. During the solvothermal process, Ni ions released from Ni foam in acidic solution and Fe ions added exogenously act as metal centers and coordinate with terephthalic acid (TPA) organic molecules by robust coordinate bonds, and finally, NiFe‐based metal–organic framework (MOF) nanosheets in situ grown on Ni foam, i.e., MIL‐53(FeNi)/NF, are prepared. This binder‐free 3D electrode shows superior OER activity with high current density (50 mA cm?2) at an overpotential of 233 mV, a Tafel slope of 31.3 mV dec?1, and excellent stability in alkaline aqueous solution (1 m KOH). It is discovered that introduction of Fe into MIL‐53 structure increases electrochemically‐active areas as well as reaction sites, accelerated electron transport capability, and modulated electronic structure to enhance catalytic performance. Besides, first principles calculations show that MIL‐53(FeNi) is more favorable for foreign atoms' adsorption and has increased 3d orbital electron density boosting intrinsic activity. This work elucidates a promising electrode for electrocatalysts and enriches direct application of MOF materials.  相似文献   

4.
Alongside rare‐earth metals, Ni, Fe, Co, Cu are some of the critical materials that will be in huge demand thanks to growth in clean‐energy sector. Herein scrap stainless steel wires (SSW) from worn‐out tires are employed as a support material for catalyst integration in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). In addition, SSW by corrosion engineering is exercised as an in situ formed freestanding robust electrode for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). By superficial corrosion of SSW, inherent active species are unmasked in the form of Ni/FeOOH nanocrystallites displaying efficient water oxidation by reaching 500 mA cm?2 at low overpotential (η500) of 287 mV in 1 m KOH. Similarly, cathode scrap SSW with active (alloy) coatings of MoNi4 catalyzes the HER at η‐200 = 77 mV, with a low activation energy (Ea = 16.338 kJ mol?1) and high durability of 150 h. Promisingly, when used in industrial conditions, 5 m KOH, 343 K, these electrodes demonstrate abnormal activity by yielding high anodic and cathodic current density of 1000 mA cm?2 at η = 233 mV and η = 161 mV, respectively. This work may inspire researchers to explore and reutilize high‐demand metals from scrap for addressing critical material shortfalls in clean‐energy technologies.  相似文献   

5.
Herein, the authors present the development of novel 0D–2D nanohybrids consisting of a nickel‐based bimetal phosphorus trisulfide (Ni1?xFexPS3) nanomosaic that decorates on the surface of MXene nanosheets (denoted as NFPS@MXene). The nanohybrids are obtained through a facile self‐assemble process of transition metal layered double hydroxide (TMLDH) on MXene surface; followed by a low temperature in situ solid‐state reaction step. By tuning the Ni:Fe ratio, the as‐synthesized NFPS@MXene nanohybrids exhibit excellent activities when tested as electrocatalysts for overall water splitting. Particularly, with the initial Ni:Fe ratio of 7:3, the obtained Ni0.7Fe0.3PS3@MXene nanohybrid reveals low overpotential (282 mV) and Tafel slope (36.5 mV dec?1) for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in 1 m KOH solution. Meanwhile, the Ni0.9Fe0.1PS3@MXene shows low overpotential (196 mV) for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in 1 m KOH solution. When integrated for overall water splitting, the Ni0.7Fe0.3PS3@MXene || Ni0.9Fe0.1PS3@MXene couple shows a low onset potential of 1.42 V and needs only 1.65 V to reach a current density of 10 mA cm?2, which is better than the all noble metal IrO2 || Pt/C electrocatalyst (1.71 mV@10 mA cm?2). Given the chemical versatility of Ni1?xFexPS3 and the convenient self‐assemble process, the nanohybrids demonstrated in this work are promising for energy conversion applications.  相似文献   

6.
The overriding obstacle to mass production of hydrogen from water as the premium fuel for powering our planet is the frustratingly slow kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Additionally, inadequate understanding of the key barriers of the OER is a hindrance to insightful design of advanced OER catalysts. This study presents ultrathin amorphous high‐surface area nickel boride (Nix B) nanosheets as a low‐cost, very efficient and stable catalyst for the OER for electrochemical water splitting. The catalyst affords 10 mA cm?2 at 0.38 V overpotential during OER in 1.0 m KOH, reducing to only 0.28 V at 20 mA cm?2 when supported on nickel foam, which ranks it among the best reported nonprecious catalysts for oxygen evolution. Operando X‐ray absorption fine‐structure spectroscopy measurements reveal prevalence of NiOOH, as well as Ni‐B under OER conditions, owing to a Ni‐B core@nickel oxyhydroxide shell (Ni‐B@NiOx H) structure, and increase in disorder of the NiOx H layer, thus revealing important insight into the transient states of the catalyst during oxygen evolution.  相似文献   

7.
The controllable synthesis of single‐crystallized iron‐cobalt carbonate hydroxide nanosheets array on 3D conductive Ni foam (FCCH/NF) as a monolithic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) bifunctional electrocatalyst for full water splitting is described. The results demonstrate that the incorporation of Fe can effectively tune the morphology, composition, electronic structure, and electrochemical active surface area of the electrocatalysts, thus greatly enhancing the intrinsic electrocatalytic activity. The optimal electrocatalyst (F0.25C1CH/NF) can deliver 10 and 1000 mA cm?2 at very small overpotentials of 77 and 256 mV for HER and 228 and 308 mV for OER in 1.0 m KOH without significant interference from gas evolution. The F0.25C1CH‐based two‐electrode alkaline water electrolyzer only requires cell voltages of 1.45 and 1.52 V to achieve current densities of 10 and 500 mA cm?2. The results demonstrate that such fascinating electrocatalytic activity can be ascribed to the increase in the catalytic active surface area, facilitated electron and mass transport properties, and the synergistic interactions because of the incorporation of Fe.  相似文献   

8.
Binary NiFe layer double hydroxide (LDH) serves as a benchmark non‐noble metal electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction, however, it still needs a relatively high overpotential to achieve the threshold current density. Herein the catalyst's electronic structure is tuned by doping vanadium ions into the NiFe LDHs laminate forming ternary NiFeV LDHs to reduce the onset potential, achieving unprecedentedly efficient electrocatalysis for water oxidation. Only 1.42 V (vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), ≈195 mV overpotential) is required to achieve catalytic current density of 20 mA cm?2 with a small Tafel slope of 42 mV dec?1 in 1 m KOH solution, which manifests the best of NiFe‐based catalysts reported till now. Electrochemical analysis and density functional theory +U simulation indicate that the high catalytic activity of NiFeV LDHs mainly attributes to the vanadium doping which can modify the electronic structure and narrow the bandgap thereby bring enhanced conductivity, facile electron transfer, and abundant active sites.  相似文献   

9.
The development of efficient and abundant water oxidation catalysts is essential for the large‐scale storage of renewable energy in the form of hydrogen fuel via electrolytic water splitting, but still remains challenging. Based upon eutectic reaction and dealloying inheritance effect, herein, novel Ni‐Fe‐O‐based composite with a unique mesoporous nanowire network structure is designed and synthesized. The composite exhibits exceptionally low overpotential (10 mA cm?2 at an overpotential of 244 mV), low Tafel slope (39 mV dec?1), and superior long‐term stability (remains 10 mA cm?2 for over 60 h without degradation) toward oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in 1 m KOH. Moreover, an alkaline water electrolyzer is constructed with the Ni‐Fe‐O composite as catalyst for both anode and cathode. This electrolyzer displays superior electrolysis performance (affording 10 mA cm?2 at 1.64 V) and long‐term durability. The remarkable features of the catalyst lie in its unique mesoporous nanowire network architecture and the synergistic effect of the metal core and the active metal oxide, giving rise to the strikingly enhanced active surface area, accelerated electron/ion transport, and further promoted reaction kinetics of OER.  相似文献   

10.
A newly designed water‐stable NH2‐MIL‐88B(Fe2Ni)‐metal–organic framework (MOF), in situ grown on the surface of a highly conducting 3D macroporous nickel foam (NF), termed NFN‐MOF/NF, is demonstrated to be a highly efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst for overall water splitting with ultrastability at high current densities. The NFN‐MOF/NF achieves ultralow overpotentials of 240 and 87 mV at current density of 10 mA cm?2 for the oxygen evolution reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction, respectively, in 1 m KOH. For the overall water splitting, it requires only an ultralow cell voltage of 1.56 V to reach the current density of 10 mA cm?2, outperforming the pairing of Pt/C on NF as the cathode and IrO2 on NF as the anode at the same catalyst loading. The stability of the NFN‐MOF/NF catalyst is also outstanding, exhibiting only a minor chronopotentiometric decay of 7.8% at 500 mA cm?2 after 30 h. The success of the present NFN‐MOF/NF catalyst is attributed to the abundant active centers, the bimetallic clusters {Fe2Ni(µ3‐O)(COO)6(H2O)3}, in the MOF, the positive coupling effect between Ni and Fe metal ions in the MOF, and synergistic effect between the MOF and NF.  相似文献   

11.
Rational design and construction of bifunctional electrocatalysts with excellent activity and durability is imperative for water splitting. Herein, a novel top‐down strategy to realize a hierarchical branched Mo‐doped sulfide/phosphide heterostructure (Mo‐Ni3S2/NixPy hollow nanorods), by partially phosphating Mo‐Ni3S2/NF flower clusters, is proposed. Benefitting from the optimized electronic structure configuration, hierarchical branched hollow nanorod structure, and abundant heterogeneous interfaces, the as‐obtained multisite Mo‐Ni3S2/NixPy/NF electrode has remarkable stability and bifunctional electrocatalytic activity in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER)/oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in 1 m KOH solutions. It possesses an extremely low overpotential of 238 mV at the current density of 50 mA cm?2 for OER. Importantly, when assembled as anode and cathode simultaneously, it merely requires an ultralow cell voltage of 1.46 V to achieve the current density of 10 mA cm?2, with excellent durability for over 72 h, outperforming most of the reported Ni‐based bifunctional materials. Density functional theory results further confirm that the doped heterostructure can synergistically optimize Gibbs free energies of H and O‐containing intermediates (OH*, O*, and OOH*) during HER and OER processes, thus accelerating the catalytic kinetics of electrochemical water splitting. This work demonstrates the importance of the rational combination of metal doping and interface engineering for advanced catalytic materials.  相似文献   

12.
Electrocatalysts that are stable and highly active at low overpotential (η) under mild conditions as well as cost‐effective and scalable are eagerly desired for potential use in photo‐ and electro‐driven hydrogen evolution devices. Here the fabrication and characterization of a super‐active and robust Cu‐CuxO‐Pt nanoparticulate electrocatalyst is reported, which displays a small Tafel slope (44 mV dec?1) and a large exchange current density (1.601 mA cm?2) in neutral buffer solution. The catalytic current density of this catalyst film reaches 500 mA cm?2 at η = ?390 ± 12 mV and 20 mA cm?2 at η = ?45 ± 3 mV, which are significantly higher than the values displayed by Pt foil and Pt/C electrodes in neutral buffer solution and even comparable with the activity of Pt electrode in 0.5 m H2SO4 solution.  相似文献   

13.
The oxygen electrode plays a vital role in the successful commercialization of renewable energy technologies, such as fuel cells and water electrolyzers. In this study, the Prussian blue analogue‐derived nitrogen‐doped nanocarbon (NC) layer‐trapped, cobalt‐rich, core–shell nanostructured electrocatalysts (core–shell Co@NC) are reported. The electrode exhibits an improved oxygen evolution activity and stability compared to that of the commercial noble electrodes. The core–shell Co@NC‐loaded nickel foam exhibits a lower overpotential of 330 mV than that of IrO2 on nickel foam at 10 mA cm?2 and has a durability of over 400 h. The commercial Pt/C cathode‐assisted, core–shell Co@NC–anode water electrolyzer delivers 10 mA cm?2 at a cell voltage of 1.59 V, which is 70 mV lower than that of the IrO2–anode water electrolyzer. Over the long‐term chronopotentiometry durability testing, the IrO2–anode water electrolyzer shows a cell voltage loss of 230 mV (14%) at 95 h, but the loss of the core–shell Co@NC–anode electrolyzer is only 60 mV (4%) even after 350 h cell‐operation. The findings indicate that the Prussian blue analogue is a class of inorganic nanoporous materials that can be used to derive metal‐rich, core–shell electrocatalysts with enriched active centers.  相似文献   

14.
Electrocatalytic water splitting is one of the sustainable and promising strategies to generate hydrogen fuel but still remains a great challenge because of the sluggish anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). A very effective approach to dramatically decrease the input cell voltage of water electrolysis is to replace the anodic OER with hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR) due to its lower thermodynamic oxidation potential. Therefore, developing the low‐cost and efficient HzOR catalysts, coupled with the cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), is tremendously important for energy‐saving electrolytic hydrogen production. Herein, a new‐type of copper–nickel nitride (Cu1Ni2‐N) with rich Cu4N/Ni3N interface is rationally constructed on carbon fiber cloth. The 3D electrode exhibits extraordinary HER performance with an overpotential of 71.4 mV at 10 mA cm?2 in 1.0 m KOH, simultaneously delivering an ultralow potential of 0.5 mV at 10 mA cm?2 for HzOR in a 1.0 m KOH/0.5 m hydrazine electrolyte. Moreover, the electrolytic cell utilizing the synthesized Cu1Ni2‐N electrode as both the cathode and anode display a cell voltage of 0.24 V at 10 mA cm?2 with an excellent stability over 75 h. The present work develops the promising copper–nickel‐based nitride as a bifunctional electrocatalyst through hydrazine‐assistance for energy‐saving electrolytic hydrogen production.  相似文献   

15.
Exploring highly‐efficient and low‐cost electrodes for both hydrogen and oxygen evolution reaction (HER and OER) is of primary importance to economical water splitting. Herein, a series of novel and robust bifunctional boride‐based electrodes are successfully fabricated using a versatile Et2NHBH3‐involved electroless plating (EP) approach via deposition of nonprecious boride‐based catalysts on various substrates. Owing to the unique binder‐free porous nodule structure induced by the hydrogen release EP reaction, most of the nonprecious boride‐based electrodes are highly efficient for overall water splitting. As a distinctive example, the Co‐B/Ni electrode can afford 10 mA cm?2 at overpotentials of only 70 mV for HER and 140 mV for OER, and can also survive at large current density of 1000 mA cm?2 for over 20 h without performance degradation in 1.0 m KOH. Several boride‐based two‐electrode electrolyzers can achieve 10 mA cm?2 at low voltages of around 1.4 V. Moreover, the facile EP approach is economically viable for flexible and large size electrode production.  相似文献   

16.
Large‐scale industrial application of solar‐driven water splitting has called for the development of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts that deliver high catalytic activity and stability. Here it is shown that an efficient OER catalytic substrate can be developed by roll‐to‐roll fabrication of electrodeposited Ni‐Fe foils, followed by anodization. An amorphous oxyhydroxide layer directly formed on Ni‐Fe foils exhibits high catalytic activity toward water oxidation in 1 m KOH solution, which requires an overpotential of 0.251 V to reach current density of 10 mA cm–2. The developed catalytic electrode shows the best OER activity among catalysts with film structure. The catalyst also shows prolonged stability at vigorous gas evolution condition for 36 h. To demonstrate the monolithic photoassisted water splitting device, an amorphous silicon solar cell is fabricated on Ni‐Fe catalytic substrate, resulting in lowering OER overpotential under light illumination. This monolithic device is the first demonstration that the OER catalytic substrates and the solar cells are integrated and can be easily applied for industrial scale solar‐driven water electrolysis.  相似文献   

17.
Identifying cheap, yet effective, oxygen evolution catalysts is critical to the advancement of water splitting. Using liquid exfoliated Co(OH)2 nanosheets as a model system, a simple procedure is developed to maximize the activity of any oxygen evolution reaction nanocatalyst. First the nanosheet edges are confirmed as the active areas by analyzing the catalytic activity as a function of nanosheet size. This allows the authors to select the smallest nanosheets (length ≈50 nm) as the best performing catalysts. While the number of active sites per unit electrode area can be increased via the electrode thickness, this is found to be impossible beyond ≈10 µm due to mechanical instabilities. However, adding carbon nanotubes increases both toughness and conductivity significantly. These enhancements mean that composite electrodes consisting of small Co(OH)2 nanosheets and 10 wt% nanotubes can be made into freestanding films with thickness of up to 120 µm with no apparent electrical limitations. The presence of diffusion limitations results in an optimum electrode thickness of 70 µm, yielding a current density of 50 mA cm?2 at an overpotential of 235 mV, close to the state of the art in the field. Applying this procedure to a high‐performance catalyst such as NiFeOx should significantly surpass the state of the art.  相似文献   

18.
The oxidation of water to produce oxygen gas is related to a variety of energy storage systems. Thus, the development of efficient, cheap, durable, and scalable electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is of great importance. Here, a high‐performance OER catalyst, nitrogen and sulfur codoped graphite foam (NSGF) is reported. This NSGF is prepared from commercial graphite foil and directly applied as an electrocatalytic electrode without using a current collector and a polymeric binder. It exhibits an extremely low overpotential of 0.380 V to reach a current density of 10 mA cm?2 and shows fast kinetics with a small Tafel slope of 96 mV dec?1 in 0.1 m KOH. This electrocatalytic performance is superior or comparable to those of previously reported metal‐free OER catalysts.  相似文献   

19.
By employing in situ reduction of metal precursor and metal‐assisted carbon etching process, this study achieves a series of ultrafine transition metal‐based nanoparticles (Ni–Fe, Ni–Mo) embedded in N‐doped carbon, which are found efficient catalysts for electrolytic water splitting. The as‐prepared hybrid materials demonstrate outstanding catalytic activities as non‐noble metal electrodes rendered by the synergistic effect of bimetal elements and N‐dopants, the improved electrical conductivity, and hydrophilism. Ni/Mo2C@N‐doped porous carbon (NiMo‐polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)) and NiFe@N‐doped carbon (NiFe‐PVP) produce low overpotentials of 130 and 297 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm?2 as catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction, respectively. In addition, these binder‐free electrodes show long‐term stability. Overall water splitting is also demonstrated based on the couple of NiMo‐PVP||NiFe‐PVP catalyzer. This represents a simple and effective synthesis method toward a new type of nanometal–carbon hybrid electrodes.  相似文献   

20.
Cost‐effective and efficient oxygen‐evolving electrocatalysts are urgently required for energy storage and conversion technologies. In this work, an amorphous trimetallic boride nanocatalyst (Fe–Co–2.3Ni–B) prepared by a simple approach is reported as a highly efficient oxygen evolution reaction electrocatalyst. It exhibits an overpotential (η) of 274 mV to deliver a geometric current density (jgeo) of 10 mA cm?2, a small Tafel slope of 38 mV dec?1, and excellent long‐term durability at a mass loading of 0.3 mg cm?2. The impressive electrocatalytic performance originates from the unique amorphous multimetal–metalloid complex nanostructure. From application's point of view, this work holds great promise as this process is simple and allows for large‐scale production of cheap, yet efficient, material.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号