兰属“小金童”组织培养研究

兰属小金童(Cymbidium Golden elf.‘Sundust’)茎尖组织培养研究表明:茎尖外植体在不添加植物生长调节剂的花宝1号培养基上诱导产生原球茎;原球茎在花宝1号3g/L 6-BA 1.5mg/L的液体培养基上培养,能形成快速增殖的丛生原球茎;不同的培养方式对原球茎的增殖效果有显著差异;原球茎在不附加植物生长调节剂的1/2MS或花宝1号培养基上分化成无根小苗,然后在花宝1号 NAA 0.2mg/L IBA 0.6mg/L培养基上诱导生根,进而再形成完整植株。     

植物生长调节剂对花叶开唇兰原球茎增殖和分化的影响

应用正交设计法探讨3种植物生长调节剂对花叶开唇兰原球茎增殖和分化的影响。结果表明,6-BA对原球茎增殖和分化作用显著,NAA和KT作用不显著;原球茎增殖最佳培养基为改良KC+6-BA 2.0 mg/L+NAA 1.5 mg/L+KT 0.2 mg/L,原球茎分化最佳培养基为改良KC+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L。     

生姜茎尖组织培养和快速繁殖研究

以生姜茎尖为外植体进行培养,筛选诱导愈伤组织和生根的最佳培养基。结果表明,在茎尖培养中,合理的消毒处理对茎尖成活率影响很大;以MS+6-BA 1.5mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L为最适茎尖诱导培养基,可一次诱导形成愈伤组织,并直接形成带根幼苗,月增殖倍数为6.9倍,成活率76.9%。生姜腋芽继代培养基MS+6-BA 2.0mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L+KT 1.0mg/L,以腐殖质土:菜园土=1:1基质可促进小苗后期生长,加速成苗。     

不同培养基和激素水平对大花蕙兰原球茎诱导的影响

以添加1.5%活性碳及3%的蔗糖的花宝1号和MS培养基为基础,加入不同浓度的BA和IBA,用外植体诱导的第1代组培苗基部以下连根1.1～1.2 cm为材料诱导原球茎.结果表明,花宝1号培养基优于MS培养基,BA1 mg/L IBA0.1 mg/L最合适,诱导率可达90.1%;光照以10 h/d左右为宜,培养温度以25～27℃最佳,其诱导率最高,生长状况最好.     

文心兰花梗茎段植株再生培养的影响因子研究

应用正交试验设计法研究基本培养基、植物生长调节剂种类及浓度对文心兰花梗茎段芽再生丛生芽诱导、增殖和生根培养的影响。筛选出最佳基本培养基为1/2 MS;最佳诱导培养基为1/2 MS+6-BA 5.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L+蔗糖20 g/L;最佳增殖培养基为1/2 MS+6-BA 3.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L+蔗糖30 g/L;最佳生根培养基为1/2 MS+IBA 0.05 mg/L+NAA 0.3 mg/L+香蕉泥100 g/L+蔗糖20 g/L。     

盾叶薯蓣类原球茎的离体诱导及快繁体系的建立

为解决盾叶薯蓣离体培养中试管苗移栽困难的难题,以盾叶薯蓣带腋芽的茎段为外植体,借助正交试验设计方法,离体诱导出类原球茎并建立了类原球茎微繁殖技术体系。结果表明:以带腋芽茎段为外植体诱导致密愈伤组织的适宜培养基为MS+6-BA2.0mg/L+NAA0.4mg/L+KT0.6mg/L+蔗糖3%;类原球茎诱导和增殖培养基为:MS+6-BA4.0mg/L+KT1.0mg/L+蔗糖6%;类原球茎生根培养基:1/2MS+NAA 0.3mg/L+IAA 0.8mg/L+活性炭0.3%+蔗糖1.5%。经该途径诱导得到的生根类原球茎植株经炼苗后移栽的成活率可达到90%以上。     

拟蝶唇兰的组织培养

1植物名称拟蝶唇兰【Psychopsis papilio（Lind1．）H．G．Jones】。 2材料类别幼芽。 3培养条件（1）原球茎诱导培养基：MS＋6-BA2．0mg．L^-1（单位下同）＋NAA0．5：（2）丛生芽诱导及增殖培养基：1g．L。花宝1号＋2g．L。花宝2号＋6-BA2．0＋NAA0．05＋100g．L^-2香蕉汁（花宝1号和花宝2号由美国Hyponex化学公司生产,     

线艺建兰的组织培养和快速繁殖(简报)

以线艺建兰茎尖、腋芽为外植体,接种在1/2MS 6-BA 3.0mg/L NAA 0.3mg/L培养基上形成原球茎,原球茎在1/2MS 6-BA 0.1mg/L NAA 1.0mg/L培养基上可大量增殖,并伸长生长形成丛生型根状茎;根状茎在MS 6-BA 2.0mg/L PP333 1.0mg/L NAA 0.5mg/L培养基上可分化成小苗,分化率达46.3%;小苗在MS IBA 1.0mg/L GA 0.5mg/L 香蕉泥100g/L的培养基上生根壮苗,生根率达100%.     

铁皮石斛同源四倍体工厂化快繁工艺研究

以实验室前期诱导的铁皮石斛四倍体为研究材料,利用气孔、叶绿体、染色体计数及流式细胞仪等方法,对铁皮石斛同源四倍体株系的纯合性进行鉴定,在此基础上利用茎段扩繁和原球茎诱导、增殖、分化两种方案比较增殖效率,并对原球茎的倍性稳定性进行再鉴定。结果表明：（1）实验室的‘花自 2’株系为纯合同源四倍体。（2）茎段扩繁最佳增殖培养基为MS＋2.0 mg/L 6 BA+0.5 mg/L NAA+15%香蕉汁,茎段诱导原球茎最佳培养基为MS+1.0 mg/L 6 BA+0.5 mg/L NAA+0.2 mg/L KT,诱导率达到76.66%;原球茎增殖最佳培养基为MS+1.0 mg/L 6 BA+0.5 mg/L NAA+15%马铃薯提取液,原球茎分化最佳培养基为1/2 MS+0.5 mg/L 6 BA+20%马铃薯提取液,原球茎分化率达到85.70%;生根最佳培养基为1/2 MS＋0.5 mg/L NAA＋15%香蕉汁,生根率达到92.77%。（3）原球茎根尖鉴定结果表明,诱导的倍性可以稳定遗传。（4）瓶苗移栽的最佳炼苗时间为5 d,移栽成活率达92.30%。该试验建立了铁皮石斛同源四倍体株系新的快繁技术体系,为四倍体试管苗的工厂化生产和推广奠定了技术基础。     

茎尖组织培养对'中涡1号'杨生理复壮作用的研究

以水培'中涡1号'杨的茎段为外植体,采用多代茎尖培养方式繁殖'中涡1号'杨再生植株.结果表明:'中涡1号'杨腋芽分化的最佳培养基为MS+0.5 mg/L 6-BA+0.05 mg/L NAA;芽苗在MS+0.1 mg/L 6-BA+0.02 mg/L NAA培养基中继代增殖系数达到7.5;在生根培养基1/2MS+0.2 mg/L IBA+0.05 mg/L NAA上,生根率达到90%.采用透射电镜对叶片超微结构观察发现,多代茎尖培养繁殖的植株叶片较扦插繁殖苗植株的叶片细胞结构完整,叶绿体数量明显增多,且内部片层结构排列整齐,淀粉粒清晰可见,表明通过多代茎尖培养繁殖出的再生植株能实现'中涡1号'杨的生理复壮.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.