Mevalonate Biosynthesis in Plants

Referee: Guiseppe Inesi, M.D., Ph.D., Professor and Chairman, School of Medicine, Dept. of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Univeristy of Maryland, Baltimore.     

REVIEWS

Books Review in this article:
Forest Trees and Timbers of the British Empire. Part I. Some East African Coniferae and Leguminosae. By L. C halk , M.A., D.Phil., J. B urtt D avy , M.A., Ph.D. and H. E. D esch , B.SC.
Part II. Twenty West African Timber Trees. By L. C halk , M.A., D.Phil., J. B urtt D avy , M.A., Ph.D., H. E. D esch , B.SC, M.A. and A. C. H oyle , B.Sc, M.A.
Part III. Fifteen South African High Forest Timber Trees. By L. C halk , M.A., D.Phil., M. M. C hattaway , B.SC, M.A., J. B urtt D avy , M.A., Ph.D., F. S. L aughton , B.SC. and M. H. S cott , B.SC.
Colloids in Agriculture. By C. E. M arshall .
Flore Laurentienne. By F rère M arie -V ictorin , D.SC.
Plant Viruses. By K enneth M. S mith .
Plant Life: A Text-book of Botany. By D. B. S wingle .
Gardening in East Africa: A Practical Handbook. Edited by A. J. J ex -B lake , with a foreword by Sir A rthur W. H ill .
British Stem- and Leaf-Fungi (Coelomycetes). Vol. I. Sphaeropsidales. By W. B. G rove , M.A.     

REVIEWS

Books Review in this article:
Diseases of the Banana and of the Manila Hemp Plant. By C. W. W ardlaw , Ph.D., D.Sc.
Botany. Principles and Problems. Third ed. By E. W. S innott .     

p63 regulation by microRNAs

Wafik S. El-Deiry, M.D., Ph.D., American Cancer Society Research Professor at the University of Pennsylvania, organized and hosted in Philadelphia the 199th Meeting of the Interurban Clinical Club (interurbanclinicalclub.org) started by Sir William Osler in 1905. The Scientific Meeting was held at the College of Physicians of Philadelphia and featured outstanding presentations of the most exciting biomedical research in Philadelphia. The evening black-tie dinner event was held at the historic Union League of Philadelphia where Margaret Foti, Ph.D., M.D. (h.c.), Chief Executive Officer of the American Association for Cancer Research addressed the attendees.     

The social modes of men

Here we attempt to define a specifically human ecology within which male reproductive strategies are formulated. By treating the domestic and public spheres of social life as "ecological niches" that men have been forced to compete within or to avoid as best they can, we generate a typology of four "social modes" of human male behavior. We then attempt to explain the broad distribution of social modes within and between human groups based on the relative intensity of scramble and contest competition. This research was completed with the help of a Lowell M. Durham, Jr. Fellowship at the Tanner Humanities Center, University of Utah. Lars Rodseth (Ph.D., University of Michigan 1993) is Assistant Professor of Anthropology at the University of Utah. He has conducted fieldwork in Nepal and Micronesia and is the author of "Distributive Models of Culture: A Sapirian Alternative to Essentialism," American Anthropologist (1998) 100:55–69. Shannon A. Novak (Ph.D., University of Utah 1999) is Assistant Professor of Anthropology at Indiana State University. She has conducted fieldwork in Croatia and the United Kingdom and is the author of "Perimortem Processing of Human Remains among the Great Basin Fremont," International Journal of Osteoachaeology (2000) 10:65–75.     

REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article
Plant Physiology. By N. A. M aximov , edited by R. B. H arvey and A. E. M urneek .
The Physiology of Plants. By W illiam S eifriz .
A Textbook of General Botany. By R. M. H olman and W. W. R obbins .
Plant Form and Function. By F. E. F ritsch and E. J. S alisbury .
Plant Physiology, with Reference to the Green Plant. By E. C. M iller , Ph.D.
The Vegetation of South Africa. By R. S. A damson , M.A., D.Sc.     

REVIEWS

The Chemical Activities of Bacteria. By E. F. G ale , B.A., Ph.D.
Heredity and Variation in Micro-organisms. Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology.
The Royal Botanical Expedition to New Spain. By H erbert W illiam R ickett .
The Living Plant. By I. V. N ewman .
Hormones and Horticulture. The use of special chemicals in the control of plant growth. By G eorge S. A very and E lizabeth B indloss J ohnson , with the collaboration of R uth M. A ddoms and B etty F. T homson .
Plant Physiology. By M eirion T homas .
The Genetics of Garden Plants. By M. B. C rane and W. J. C. L awrence , with a foreword by S ir D aniel H all .
Plant Viruses. By K enneth M. S mith , F.R.S.     

Reflections of an Ethnographic Filmmaker-Maker: An Interview with Paul Henley, Director of the Granada Centre for Visual Anthropology, University of Manchester

ABSTRACT  Two decades ago the Granada Centre for Visual Anthropology (GCVA) at the University of Manchester, U.K., was created. Since then it has become one of the most acclaimed postgraduate visual anthropology schools in the world, providing a space for theoretical debate and training in ethnographic filmmaking techniques. Conceived originally as a master's program under the sponsorship of Granada Television and the University of Manchester, it has now extended training to the Ph.D. level to students from around the world. In this interview, Professor Paul Henley, GCVA's director since its inception, reflects on the last 20 years of the Granada Centre, ethnographic filmmaking, the state of the art in theory and practice in visual anthropology, and new possibilities and challenges for the future. [Keywords: visual anthropology, ethnographic filmmaking, documentary, Granada Centre for Visual Anthropology]     

REVIEW

Reviewed in this ariticle:
On the Structure and Affinities of Fossil Plants from the Palaeozoic Rocks. –IV. The Seed-like Fructification of Lepiducarpon , a genus of Lycopodiaceous Cones from the Carboniferous Formation. By D. H. Scott, M.A., Ph.D., F.R.S., Hon.     

Waist-to-hip ratio versus body mass index as predictors of fitness in women

The claim that men prefer women with low waist-to-hip ratios (WHR) has been vigorously disputed. We examine self-report data from 359 primiparous Polish women (with normal singleton births and healthy infants) and show that WHR correlates with at least one component of a woman’s biological fitness (her first child’s birth weight, a variable that significantly affects infant survival rates). However, a woman’s Body Mass Index (BMI) is a better predictor of her child’s neonatal weight in small-bodied women (<54 kg). The failure to find a preference for low WHR in some traditional populations may thus be a consequence of the fact that, even in western populations, body mass is a better predictor of fitness in those cases characterized by low maternal body weight. Boguslaw Pawłowski Ph.D., D.Sc., is a researcher and lecturer in biological anthropology at the University of Wrocław, Poland. His research interests focus on mechanisms of human evolution (with special attention to the evolution of subcutaneous fat tissue distribution) and human mate choice. Robin Dunbar Ph.D., FBA is British Academy Research Professor of Evolutionary Psychology at the University of Liverpool, England, and co-Director of the British Academy Centenary Research Project. His research interests focus on the evolutionary and environmental determinants of social and reproductive strategies, with particular references to humans, nonhuman primates, and ungulates.     

Good news—Bad press: Applied psychophysiology in cardiovascular disorders

Dysregulation in blood pressure control can occur as a result of psychological stress in either the hypertensive or hypotensive direction. Applied psychophysiological techniques incorporating biofeedback and relaxation have been shown to be efficacious in controlled studies of hypertensive patients. Electromyograph, thermal, skin conductance and direct blood pressure feedback have been utilized alone or in combination with relaxation, blood pressure monitoring, and medication. Prediction models are proposed to define what type of hypertensive is most likely to respond with significant blood pressure decrease. Neurocardiogenic syncope is a cardiovascular disorder which manifests itself as lightheadedness, dizziness, syncope, and often migraine-type headache. Preliminary indications suggest that biofeedback-assisted relaxation may also prove beneficial to patients with this syndrome.This paper was presented as a presidential address at the 27th Annual Meeting of the Association for Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, Albuquerque, NM, March, 1996. I wish to thank my present and past collaborators who contributed their thoughts and enthusiams to my program of research in applied psychophysiology of cardiovascular disorders. They are G. Argueta Bernal, Ph.D., Ilona Jurek, M.D., M. Woerner, M.Ed. R. Ph., J.T. Higgins, Jr., M.D., T. Fine, M.A. LPCC, S.W. Utz, RN, Ph.D., Gerard Roberts, M.D., Blair Grubb, M.D., Michael Weaver, RN, Ph.D.     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Dey, P. M., and J. B. Harborne (eds), Methods in Plant Biochemistry. Vol. 1: Plant Phenolics.
Dey, P. M. (ed.), Carbohydrates. Methods in Plant Biochemistry, Vol. 2 (P. M. D ey and J. B. H arborne eds).     

Obituary-Dr. R.A.I. Norval,B.Sc., Ph.D., D. Sc.

Obituary-Dr. R.A.I. Norval, B.Sc., Ph.D., D. Sc.     

Book Reviews

Book Reviwed in this article:
Ryder, M. H., Stephens, P. M., and G. D. Bowen (eds) , Improving Plant Productivity with Rhizosphere Bacteria     

Buchbesprechung

Kanellis, A. K., Chang, C., Klee, H., Becker, A. B., Pech, J. C. and Grierson, D. (Eds.): Biology and Biotechnology of the Plant Hormone Ethylene II. Kluwer Academic Publishers Dordrecht, Boston, London 1999, 462 pages. Price: 207 USD, ISBN: 0792359410     

Book Reviews

Book Reviwed in this article:
Sivanesan, A.: Graminicolous species of Bipolaris, Curvularia, Drechslera, Exserohilum And Their Teleomorphs.
Schreiber, K., H. R. Schütte, G. Sembdner (Eds): Conjugated Plant Hormones, Structure, Metabolism and Function.
Jones, D. G.: Plant pathology: principles and practice.
Ellenberg. H., R. Mayer, J. Schauermann: Ökosystemforschung. Ergebnisse des Sollingprojektes 1966–1986.
Grainge, M., and Saleem Ahmed, Handbook of Plants with Pest-Control Properties.
Starý, P., Subject bibliography of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidac) of the world 1758–1982.     

A study of change and depression among Havik Brahmin women in a South Indian Village

The author has gathered data from Havik Brahmin women on depression. Cultural factors predisposing to depression are especially salient to this analysis. Beck's triad of negative self image, negative interpretation of life events, and negative view of the future is regarded as the cultural ideal for older women. With cultural changes including an increased marriage age, increased educational level, and increased decision-making for women Beck's triad is no longer culturally sanctioned. Although these cultural changes are recent and the sample is too small for a statistical analysis, the article concludes that there is a possible association between depression and cultural factors such as early marriage. Additional possible associations with depression reviewed in this paper are separation from important people. support systems, loss of parent at an early age, poor marital relationship, and the perception of helplessness.I am grateful to Dan Blazer, M.D., Ph.D. for his many helpful comments on an earlier version of this paper. His expertise in epidemiology and depression and his interest contributed significantly to this paper. I appreciate the comments of Robert E. Roberts, Ph.D., for emphasizing both cultural and epidemiological factors. I thank Margaret Dorfman, M.D., for her assistance as a clinical expert in evaluating major depressive episodes. I thank Lauren W. Jackson for her editorial assistance. Judit Katona-Apte, Ph.D., contributed valuable editorial and epidemiological comments, as well as her encouragement as a friend. Eileen Basker, Ph.D.. contributed valuable editorial comments and her expertise as a medical anthropologist.Acknowledgments: Research in Totagadde was conducted in 1964–1966 and in 1974–1975 under the auspices of the American Institute of Indian Studies. In 1984, I returned for a six week preliminary study of depression and in 1985, I returned under the auspices of the American Philosophical Society.     

植盲蝽属九新种记述(半翅目:盲蝽科)

记述植盲蝽属Phytocoris Fallén(盲蝽科,盲蝽亚科)9新种,为:萧氏植盲蝽Ph. hsiaoi sp. nov.(正模:北京西山), 微光植盲蝽Ph. languidus sp. nov.(正模:云南巴波), 极长植盲蝽Ph. longissimus sp. nov.(正模:四川理县刷经寺), 吕氏植盲蝽Ph. lui sp. nov.(正模:陕西周至板房子), 突盾植盲蝽Ph. notoscutellaris sp. nov.(正模:云南哀牢山),拟斜纹植盲蝽Ph. novobliquevittatus sp. nov.(正模:甘肃永登凉城), 斜纹植盲蝽Ph. obliquevittatus sp. nov. (正模:甘肃榆中兴隆山), 锦绣植盲蝽Ph. pictipennis sp. nov.(正模:宁夏六盘山), 四川植盲蝽Ph. sichuanensis sp. nov.(正模:四川理县刷经寺).并记载中国新纪录种沙氏植盲蝽Ph. shabliovskii Kerzhner, 1988 于河北、山西、黑龙江、陕西与甘肃.     

Persistence and coexistence in zooplankton-phytoplankton-nutrient models with instantaneous nutrient recycling

We consider plankton-nutrient interaction models consisting of phytoplankton, herbivorous zooplankton and dissolved limiting nutrient with general nutrient uptake functions and instantaneous nutrient recycling. For the model with constant nutrient input and different constant washout rates, conditions for boundedness of the solutions, existence and stability of non-negative equilibria, as well as persistence are given. We also consider the zooplankton-phytoplankton-nutrient interaction models with a fluctuating nutrient input and with a periodic washout rate, respectively. It is shown that coexistence of the zooplankton and phytoplankton may arise due to positive bifurcating periodic solutions.Research has been supported in part by a University of Alberta Ph.D. Scholarship and is in part based on the author's Ph.D. thesis under the supervision of Professor H. 1. Freedman, to whom the author owes a debt of appreciation and gratitude for his kind advice, helpful comments and continuous encouragement     

Preface

Dr. Clarence James Goodnight A.B., A.M., Ph.D. In Memoriam