抗人IL-6单克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

用基因重组人IL-6免疫Balb/c小鼠,采用小鼠杂交瘤技术,筛选克隆到分泌抗人重组IL-6单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,并对其中2H₂、 1D₂ 和4B₄瘤细胞株进行了鉴定.其抗体类别均为IgG,亚类分别为IgG1和IgG2a.用多种细胞因子和无关蛋白的鉴别试验结果证实它们均特异地识别rhIL-6.免疫转染结果显示,该单抗识别分子质量为21 ku的IL-6单一条带.IL-6单克隆抗体的亲和常数K_aff= 1.62×10⁹ (mol/L)^-1.     

缓激肽受体B1R对SD大鼠阴茎勃起功能影响的实验研究

摘要 目的：研究缓激肽受体B1R对大鼠阴茎勃起功能的影响。方法：通过腹腔注射B1受体激动剂[Des-Arg⁹]-Bradykinin与B1受体抑制剂Lys-(des-Arg⁹, Leu⁸)-Bradykinin,观察各组大鼠阴茎勃起功能,通过HE染色和Masson染色观察大鼠阴茎组织形态变化及纤维化水平的变化,通过Western-blot 检测大鼠阴茎组织TGF-β1、TNF-α与IL-6等炎症因子的表达情况。结果：（1）B1受体激动剂显著抑制大鼠阴茎勃起功能,并升高阴茎胶原纤维/肌原纤维比值;而B1受体抑制剂显著提升大鼠阴茎勃起功能,并降低阴茎胶原纤维/肌原纤维比值;（2）B1受体激动剂显著升高大鼠阴茎TGF-β1、TNF-α与IL-6蛋白表达水平,而B1受体抑制剂降低大鼠阴茎TGF-β1、TNF-α与IL-6蛋白表达水平。结论：B1受体可能通过炎症因子、阴茎组织纤维化影响阴茎勃起功能。     

独一味胶囊对复发性口腔溃疡大鼠免疫功能和溃疡组织NF-κB炎症通路蛋白表达的影响

摘要 目的：探讨独一味胶囊对复发性口腔溃疡（ROU）大鼠免疫功能和溃疡组织核因子-κB（NF-κB）炎症通路蛋白表达的影响。方法：将60只SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组和独一味胶囊低、中、高剂量组,每组12只。除正常组外其余各组均采用免疫法建立ROU模型,建模8周后独一味胶囊低、中、高剂量组分别灌胃给予0.01 mg/mL、0.02 mg/mL、0.03 mg/mL独一味胶囊溶液治疗,正常组和模型组灌胃给予等量生理盐水,均连续治疗20 d。记录各组大鼠口腔溃疡数目、持续时间和口腔溃疡面积,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清白介素（IL）-1β、IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平,流式细胞术检测外周血CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD8⁺百分比并计算CD4⁺/CD8⁺比值,免疫印迹法检测口腔黏膜组织NF-κB p65、磷酸化NF-κB抑制蛋白α（p-IκBα）、IkappaB激酶α（IKKα）蛋白水平。结果：正常组未出现口腔溃疡,模型组、独一味胶囊低剂量组、独一味胶囊中剂量组、独一味胶囊高剂量组溃疡数目依次降低,持续时间依次缩短,溃疡面积依次缩小（P＜0.05）。模型组、独一味胶囊低剂量组、独一味胶囊中剂量组、独一味胶囊高剂量组、正常组IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α、CD8⁺、NF-κB p65、p-IκBα、IKKα水平依次降低,CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺依次升高（P＜0.05）。结论：独一味胶囊能显著减少ROU大鼠口腔溃疡数目和面积,缩短愈合时间,且效果呈剂量依赖性,其机制可能与改善免疫功能和抑制NF-κB炎症通路有关。     

依托咪酯靶控输注联合右美托咪定对胃癌根治术患者应激反应、炎症因子和细胞免疫功能的影响

摘要 目的：观察胃癌根治术患者在依托咪酯靶控输注联合右美托咪定麻醉下,机体细胞免疫功能、炎症因子、应激反应的影响。方法：选取2021年4月~2022年6月期间我院收治的择期行胃癌根治术患者100例,按照信封抽签的形式将患者分为对照组（n=50）和观察组（n=50）,对照组患者麻醉选用依托咪酯注射液靶控输注,观察组则在对照组的基础上结合静脉输注盐酸右美托咪定注射液。观察两组患者不良反应发生情况、血流动力学指标[心率（HR）、收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）]、应激反应指标[皮质醇（Cor）、肾上腺素（E）、促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）]、炎症因子[肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白介素-6（IL-6）、超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）]、细胞免疫功能指标。结果：观察组用药时、拔管时SBP、HR、DBP低于对照组（P<0.05）。两组不良反应发生率组间对比无差异（P>0.05）。观察组术后1 d E、IL-6、Cor、TNF-α、ACTH、 hs-CRP、 CD8⁺低于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组术后1 d CD4⁺、CD3⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：胃癌根治术患者使用依托咪酯靶控输注联合右美托咪定麻醉,血流动力学、应激反应可得到有效控制,炎症因子、免疫功能的影响也可大大减轻,利于手术的顺利进行。     

YKL-40、CD4+/CD8+比值与腺病毒肺炎患儿炎性因子和并发喘息的关系研究

摘要 目的：探讨血清壳多糖酶3样蛋白1（YKL-40）、外周血CD4⁺/CD8⁺比值与腺病毒肺炎（AP）患儿炎性因子和并发喘息的关系。方法：选取2019年10月～2022年10月湖北省妇幼保健院收治的97例AP患儿为AP组,根据是否并发喘息分别为喘息组和无喘息组,另选取同期50例体检健康儿童为对照组。收集AP患儿的临床资料,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清YKL-40和炎性因子[白细胞介素（IL）-6、IL-8、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNFα）]水平,流式细胞术检测外周血CD4⁺、CD8⁺比例并计算CD4⁺/CD8⁺比值。采用Spearman相关性分析AP患儿血清YKL-40、CD4⁺/CD8⁺比值与炎性因子水平的相关性,多因素Logistic回归分析AP患儿并发喘息的影响因素。结果：与对照组比较,AP组血清YKL-40、外周血CD8⁺比例升高,CD4⁺比例、CD4⁺/CD8⁺比值降低（P＜0.05）。AP组血清IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α水平高于对照组（P＜0.05）。Spearman相关性分析显示,AP患儿血清YKL-40与IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α水平呈正相关,外周血CD4⁺/CD8⁺比值与IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α水平呈负相关（P＜0.05）。97例AP患儿住院期间喘息发生率为50.52%（49/97）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,呼吸衰竭、小气道病变、特应性体质和血清IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α、YKL-40升高为AP患儿并发喘息的独立危险因素,外周血CD4⁺/CD8⁺比值升高为独立保护因素（P＜0.05）。结论：AP患儿血清YKL-40水平升高和外周血CD4⁺/CD8⁺比值降低,与炎性因子水平升高和并发喘息密切相关。     

南美蟛蜞菊中二萜化学成分的定性与定量分析研究

为了解南美蟛蜞菊[Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski]植物的化学成分,从其全株乙醇提取物中分离得到8个二萜类化合物。经光谱分析,分别鉴定为ent-16β,17-dihydroxy-9(11)-kauren-19-oic acid (1)、cussovantonin B (2)、ent-16-kauren-19-oic acid(3)、ent-3β-hydroxy-16-kauren-19-oic acid (4)、16α-hydroxy-ent-kauran-19-oic acid (5)、2β,16α-dihydroxy-ent-kauran-19-oic acid (6)、3α-angeloyloxypterokaurene L₃ (7)和pterokaurene L₃ (8)。化合物4为首次从蟛蜞菊属植物中分离获得,化合物1、2 和6为首次从南美蟛蜞菊中分离得到。化合物3具有显著的抗菌活性和显著抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性。采用五氟苄溴进行底物五氟苄基衍生化并结合GC-MS 分析表明,化合物3在南美蟛蜞菊茎和叶中的含量分别为(1.00±0.21) mg g^-1 FW和(0.78±0.04) mg g^-1 FW。     

高灵敏、高特异性心钠素放射免疫测定方法及应用

本法应用戊二醛连结α-人心钠素(α-hANF)和牛血清白蛋白,产生的复合物免疫家兔,获得抗α-hANF血清,其最终效价为1:35万,亲和常数K_a=4.94×10^-10mol/L。α-hANF应用氯胺-T氧化法进行 ¹²⁵I标记,再经DEAE-SephadexA25柱层析纯化,得到单碘 ¹²⁵I-α-hANF,比放射性为300μci/μg左右。最小检出量为1.8pg/管。与8种肽交叉反应为:α-rANF 98％、心房肽Ⅲ 40％,其它6种无交叉反应。样品变异系数,批内:4.4％,批间:16.3％。     

Combined effects of temperature,food (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Chlorella vulgaris</Emphasis>) concentration and predation (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Asplanchna girodi</Emphasis>) on the morphology of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Brachionus havanaensis</Emphasis> (Rotifera)

The combined effect of temperature, food level and the presence of an invertebrate predator on the body size of the rotifer Brachionus havanaensis were tested in this study. B. havanaensis was cultured at 15, 20, and 25°C under three different Chlorella vulgaris levels (0.5 × 10⁶, 1.0 × 10⁶ and 2.0 × 10⁶ cells ml⁻¹) in the presence and in the absence of Asplanchna girodi. For each treatment we maintained three replicates and constant (0.4 ind ml⁻¹) population density of B. havanaensis. In treatments containing A. girodi, the predator was separated from the prey by a mesh (pore size 50 μm). On the last day of the experiment, a portion of the B. havanaensis population was sampled for several morphometric measurements (adult lorica length, width, posterior spine length, body volume, and the egg volume). Size measurements were done by drawing the specimens using a calibrated camera lucida. Statistically significant impact of temperature as well as the predator’s presence was observed on the lorica length, posterior spine, and egg volume of B. havanaensis. The interactions of food × temperature, or predator′s presence × food × temperature were non-significant (P > 0.05) for lorica length, spine length, body volume, and egg volume. Regardless of the type of treatment, there was a direct positive correlation between lorica length and width. Egg volume was linearly related to the adult size. Notably long posterior spines were observed in treatments containing the presence of A. girodi. Guest editors: S. S. S. Sarma, R. D. Gulati, R. L. Wallace, S. Nandini, H. J. Dumont & R. Rico-Martínez. Advances in Rotifer Research     

睾酮假单胞菌3α-羟类固醇脱氢酶基因的质粒载体构建及表达

从土壤中分离睾酮假单胞菌,提取其基因组DNA,PCR扩增3α-羟类固醇脱氢酶（3α-hsd）基因,将扩增产物用NdeⅠ/BamHⅠ消化,切下目的基因片段克隆到质粒pET-15b中构建重组pET-15b.将重组pET-15b转化入E.coli DH5α中,经酶谱分析和测序,鉴定出正确的重组质粒pET-15b.将重组pET-15b转化入宿主菌E.coli BL21(DE3) pLysS中,用硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)进行诱导表达.提取细菌总蛋白质进行SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(PAGE)分析并测定酶活性.粗提物中酶活性高达2.45×10⁵ U/L.利用重组蛋白中的6个组氨酸(His)组成的“标签”进行亲和层析,经一步金属螯合亲和层析纯化后,重组蛋白在SDS-PAGE上呈现出均一的单一条带,回收率达68%.活性和纯度均较高的目的蛋白3α-HSD的获得,为血清总胆汁酸酶循环法测定奠定了基础.     

右归饮加减方联合"固本通络"针法对类风湿性关节炎患者血清炎性因子和细胞免疫功能的影响

摘要 目的：探讨右归饮加减方联合"固本通络"针法对类风湿性关节炎患者血清炎性因子和细胞免疫功能的影响。方法：按照随机数表法将我院于2018年1月至2020年1月收治的105例患者分为对照组（n=52）和研究组（n=53）。对照组给予西医常规治疗，研究组在其基础上给予右归饮加减方联合"固本通络"针法治疗，两组均连续治疗3个月。统计两组的临床总有效率，分别于治疗前后测定DAS-28积分和症状体征指数积分，于治疗前后检测患者类风湿因子（RF）、红细胞沉降率（ESR）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、C反应蛋白（CRP）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、白细胞介素-1（IL-1）水平及外周血CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD8⁺水平。结果：研究组的临床总有效率明显比对照组高（P<0.05）。两组治疗后DAS-28积分、症状体征指数积分、CRP、RF、ESR、CD8⁺及血清TNF-α、IL-1及IL-6水平均明显小于治疗前（P<0.05），CD3⁺、CD4⁺均明显大于治疗前（P<0.05），研究组治疗后症状体征指数积分、DAS-28积分、RF、CRP、ESR、CD8⁺及血清TNF-α、IL-1及IL-6水平均明显小于对照组（P<0.05），CD3⁺、CD4⁺均明显大于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：右归饮加减方联合"固本通络"针法治疗类风湿性关节炎的疗效明确，有助于改善细胞免疫功能、抑制炎症反应及减轻临床症状。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.