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1.
Frey S Birchler-Pedross A Hofstetter M Brunner P Götz T Münch M Blatter K Knoblauch V Wirz-Justice A Cajochen C 《Chronobiology international》2012,29(3):278-294
There is mounting evidence for the involvement of the sleep-wake cycle and the circadian system in the pathogenesis of major depression. However, only a few studies so far focused on sleep and circadian rhythms under controlled experimental conditions. Thus, it remains unclear whether homeostatic sleep pressure or circadian rhythms, or both, are altered in depression. Here, the authors aimed at quantifying homeostatic and circadian sleep-wake regulatory mechanisms in young women suffering from major depressive disorder and healthy controls during a multiple nap paradigm under constant routine conditions. After an 8-h baseline night, 9 depressed women, 8 healthy young women, and 8 healthy older women underwent a 40-h multiple nap protocol (10 short sleep-wake cycles) followed by an 8-h recovery night. Polysomnographic recordings were done continuously, and subjective sleepiness was assessed. In order to measure circadian output, salivary melatonin samples were collected during scheduled wakefulness, and the circadian modulation of sleep spindles was analyzed with reference to the timing of melatonin secretion. Sleep parameters as well as non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep electroencephalographic (EEG) spectra were determined for collapsed left, central, and right frontal, central, parietal, and occipital derivations for the night and nap-sleep episodes in the frequency range .75-25 Hz. Young depressed women showed higher frontal EEG delta activity, as a marker of homeostatic sleep pressure, compared to healthy young and older women across both night sleep episodes together with significantly higher subjective sleepiness. Higher delta sleep EEG activity in the naps during the biological day were observed in young depressed women along with reduced nighttime melatonin secretion as compared to healthy young volunteers. The circadian modulation of sleep spindles between the biological night and day was virtually absent in healthy older women and partially impaired in young depressed women. These data provide strong evidence for higher homeostatic sleep pressure in young moderately depressed women, along with some indications for impairment of the strength of the endogenous circadian output signal involved in sleep-wake regulation. This finding may have important repercussions on the treatment of the illness as such that a selective suppression of EEG slow-wave activity could promote acute mood improvement. 相似文献
2.
Xu Kun 《Biological Rhythm Research》2019,50(3):490-493
Sleep-wake cycle is the predominant example of circadian rhythms. Melatonin is commonly used to treat insomnia and in additional neurodevelopmental disorders in which sleep disturbance is frequent. In mammals, melatonin receptors are present in the membrane and cell nucleus of many tissues and systems where it exhibits various actions, including the regulation of circadian rhythms. The rhythmic pattern of melatonin secretion is imperative since it endows with vital information to the organism concerning time, which permits for alterations of a number of physiological functions consistent with daily and seasonal variations. Melatonin as well has sleep promoting effects demonstrated in changes in brain activation patterns and tiredness generation. The SCN’s (suprachiasmatic nuclei) function and melatonin production capability turns down with age consequently depriving the brain from an important time cue and sleep regulator. 相似文献
3.
《Chronobiology international》2013,30(3):278-294
There is mounting evidence for the involvement of the sleep-wake cycle and the circadian system in the pathogenesis of major depression. However, only a few studies so far focused on sleep and circadian rhythms under controlled experimental conditions. Thus, it remains unclear whether homeostatic sleep pressure or circadian rhythms, or both, are altered in depression. Here, the authors aimed at quantifying homeostatic and circadian sleep-wake regulatory mechanisms in young women suffering from major depressive disorder and healthy controls during a multiple nap paradigm under constant routine conditions. After an 8-h baseline night, 9 depressed women, 8 healthy young women, and 8 healthy older women underwent a 40-h multiple nap protocol (10 short sleep-wake cycles) followed by an 8-h recovery night. Polysomnographic recordings were done continuously, and subjective sleepiness was assessed. In order to measure circadian output, salivary melatonin samples were collected during scheduled wakefulness, and the circadian modulation of sleep spindles was analyzed with reference to the timing of melatonin secretion. Sleep parameters as well as non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep electroencephalographic (EEG) spectra were determined for collapsed left, central, and right frontal, central, parietal, and occipital derivations for the night and nap-sleep episodes in the frequency range .75–25?Hz. Young depressed women showed higher frontal EEG delta activity, as a marker of homeostatic sleep pressure, compared to healthy young and older women across both night sleep episodes together with significantly higher subjective sleepiness. Higher delta sleep EEG activity in the naps during the biological day were observed in young depressed women along with reduced nighttime melatonin secretion as compared to healthy young volunteers. The circadian modulation of sleep spindles between the biological night and day was virtually absent in healthy older women and partially impaired in young depressed women. These data provide strong evidence for higher homeostatic sleep pressure in young moderately depressed women, along with some indications for impairment of the strength of the endogenous circadian output signal involved in sleep-wake regulation. This finding may have important repercussions on the treatment of the illness as such that a selective suppression of EEG slow-wave activity could promote acute mood improvement. (Author correspondence: Christian. cajochen@upkbs. ch) 相似文献
4.
Melatonin is a neurohormone that is believed to be involved in a wide range of physiological functions. In humans, appropriate clinical trials confirm the efficacy of melatonin or melatoninergic agonists for the MT1 and MT2 receptor subtypes in circadian rhythm sleep disorders only. Nevertheless, preclinical animal model studies relevant to human pathologies involving validated reference compounds lead to other therapeutic possibilities. Among these is a recently developed treatment concept for depression, which has been validated by the clinical efficacy of agomelatine, an agent having both MT1 and MT2 agonist and 5-HT2C antagonist activity. A third melatonin binding site has been purified and characterized as the enzyme quinone reductase 2 (QR2). The physiological role of this enzyme is not yet known. Recent results obtained by different groups suggest: (1) that inhibition of QR2 may lead to "protective" effects and (2) that over-expression of this enzyme may have deleterious effects. The inhibitory effect of melatonin on QR2 observed in vitro may explain the protective effects reported for melatonin in different animal models, such as cardiac or renal ischemia-effects that have been attributed to the controversial antioxidant properties of the hormone. The development of specific ligands for each of these melatonin binding sites is necessary to link physiological and/or therapeutic effects. 相似文献
5.
There are now many potentials for the development of more effective, better tolerated, and more rapidly acting antidepressants acting in association and/or beyond the monoamine hypothesis. One of these possibilities is the development of antidepressant drugs with melatonin agonist property. This holds much promise since various affective disorders, including depression, are characterized by abnormal patterns of circadian rhythms. In line with this, the melatoninergic agonist properties of agomelatine, an antidepressant with proven clinical efficacy, may represent a new concept for the treatment of depression. By way of behavioral studies in rodents, it has been shown that administration of agomelatine can mimic the action of melatonin in the synchronization of circadian rhythm patterns. Interest in agomelatine has increased in recent times due to its prospective use as a novel antidepressant agent, as demonstrated in a number of animal studies using well-validated animal models of depression (including the forced swimming test, the learned helplessness, the chronic mild stress). Interestingly, the melatoninergic agonist property of agomelatine may not, alone, be sufficient to sustain its clear antidepressant-like activity. Recent results from receptor binding and in vivo studies gave support to the notion that agomelatine's effects are also mediated via its function as a competitive antagonist at the 5-HT2C receptor. Finally, thanks to its absence of binding with a broad range of receptors and enzymes, agomelatine is particularly safe and devoid of all the deleterious effects reported with tricyclics and SSRIs. 相似文献
6.
Alicia Carissimi Alessandra Castro Martins Fabiane Dresch Lilian Corrêa da Silva Cristian Patrick Zeni Maria Paz Hidalgo 《Chronobiology international》2016,33(10):1400-1409
School start time influences sleep parameters. Differences between circadian sleep parameters on weekends and weekdays have been associated with obesity, sleep, and psychiatric disorders. Moreover, circadian rhythm dysregulation affects the secretion of some hormones, such as melatonin and cortisol. In the current study, we investigate the effect of school start time on cortisol and melatonin levels in a community sample of Brazilian children and adolescents. This was a cross-sectional study of 454 students (mean age, 12.81 ± 2.56 years; 58.6% female). From this sample, 80 participants were randomly selected for saliva collection to measure melatonin and cortisol levels. Circadian sleep parameters were assessed by self-reported sleep and wake up schedules and the Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire. The outcomes, salivary melatonin and cortisol levels, were measured in morning, afternoon and night saliva samples, and behavior problems were assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). The main results revealed that morning school start time decreased the secretion of melatonin. Morning melatonin levels were significantly positively correlated with the sleep midpoint on weekdays and on weekends. Afternoon melatonin levels were positively correlated with the sleep midpoint on weekends in the morning school students. Conversely, in the afternoon school students, night melatonin levels were negatively correlated with the sleep midpoint on weekdays. Cortisol secretion did not correlate with circadian sleep parameters in any of the school time groups. In conclusion, school start time influences melatonin secretion, which correlated with circadian sleep parameters. This correlation depends on the presence of psychiatric symptoms. Our findings emphasize the importance of drawing attention to the influence of school start time on the circadian rhythm of children and adolescents. 相似文献
7.
Patients with winter depression (seasonal affective disorder) respond beneficially to sleep deprivation and bright light, but the mechanisms of these responses remain unknown. The study was designed to test whether afternoon/evening melatonin can prevent further relapse after sleep deprivation (presumably due to a pharmacologically induced advance shift of circadian phase). Compared to phase advancing by alteration of sleep - wake schedule or by bright light exposure, the melatonin intake is a more tolerated treatment procedure, and it provides a possibility of blind comparison between chronotherapeutic and placebo treatments. The depression was scored in 16 female patients with winter depression and 17 age-matched female controls before and after total night sleep deprivation and after subsequent six-day administration of melatonin (0.5 mg) or placebo under double blind conditions. The melatonin intake was scheduled at 17:00 in order to produce a phase advance of circadian rhythms. Sleep deprivation resulted in 38% reduction of depression score in patients, but it did not reduce depression score in controls. After subsequent treatment with placebo or melatonin, slight but significant improvement of mood was found in controls. These treatments also stabilized the antidepressant response to sleep deprivation in patients. However, neither differential effect of melatonin and placebo on depression score nor alteration of habitual sleep timing was found in patients and controls. Thus, the study results do not provide evidence for the antidepressant potential of melatonin in patients with winter depression under realistic clinical conditions. The finding of stabilization of mood in patients with placebo points to the contribution of psychological factors to the therapeutic action of this and other types of innovative treatments for winter depression. To include psychosocial aspects in the theoretical framework of seasonal depression, we conceptualized depression as an evolved feature of emotional response to psychosocial rather than physical environment. The seasonality of depression might be explained by cumulative effects of aperiodical psychosocial factors and periodical physical factors on one of the mechanisms of brain neurotransmission. 相似文献
8.
V A Baturin A E Arushanian 《Zhurnal vysshe? nervno? deiatelnosti imeni I P Pavlova》1992,42(2):372-377
After REM sleep deprivation the time-course of the forced swimming was reorganized. As shown, reduction of rhythmical index of depression, such effect has an antidepressive nature. In this model potentiation of specific activity of antidepressant imipramine and attenuation of depressive properties of clonidine were observed. These results suggest that shifts in sleep phase structure may be a source of restriction of circadian desynchronosis, upon which depression is based. 相似文献
9.
Josephine Arendt 《Chronobiology international》2006,23(1):21-37
Melatonin signals time of day and time of year in mammals by virtue of its pattern of secretion, which defines 'biological night.' It is supremely important for research on the physiology and pathology of the human biological clock. Light suppresses melatonin secretion at night using pathways involved in circadian photoreception. The melatonin rhythm (as evidenced by its profile in plasma, saliva, or its major metabolite, 6-sulphatoxymelatonin [aMT6s] in urine) is the best peripheral index of the timing of the human circadian pacemaker. Light suppression and phase-shifting of the melatonin 24 h profile enables the characterization of human circadian photoreception, and circulating concentrations of the hormone are used to investigate the general properties of the human circadian system in health and disease. Suppression of melatonin by light at night has been invoked as a possible influence on major disease risk as there is increasing evidence for its oncostatic effects. Exogenous melatonin acts as a 'chronobiotic.' Acutely, it increases sleep propensity during 'biological day.' These properties have led to successful treatments for serveal circadian rhythm disorders. Endogenous melatonin acts to reinforce the functioning of the human circadian system, probably in many ways. The future holds much promise for melatonin as a research tool and as a therapy for various conditions. 相似文献
10.
Arendt J 《Chronobiology international》2006,23(1-2):21-37
Melatonin signals time of day and time of year in mammals by virtue of its pattern of secretion, which defines 'biological night.' It is supremely important for research on the physiology and pathology of the human biological clock. Light suppresses melatonin secretion at night using pathways involved in circadian photoreception. The melatonin rhythm (as evidenced by its profile in plasma, saliva, or its major metabolite, 6-sulphatoxymelatonin [aMT6s] in urine) is the best peripheral index of the timing of the human circadian pacemaker. Light suppression and phase-shifting of the melatonin 24 h profile enables the characterization of human circadian photoreception, and circulating concentrations of the hormone are used to investigate the general properties of the human circadian system in health and disease. Suppression of melatonin by light at night has been invoked as a possible influence on major disease risk as there is increasing evidence for its oncostatic effects. Exogenous melatonin acts as a 'chronobiotic.' Acutely, it increases sleep propensity during 'biological day.' These properties have led to successful treatments for serveal circadian rhythm disorders. Endogenous melatonin acts to reinforce the functioning of the human circadian system, probably in many ways. The future holds much promise for melatonin as a research tool and as a therapy for various conditions. 相似文献
11.
Josephine Arendt 《Chronobiology international》2013,30(1-2):21-37
Melatonin signals time of day and time of year in mammals by virtue of its pattern of secretion, which defines ‘biological night.’ It is supremely important for research on the physiology and pathology of the human biological clock. Light suppresses melatonin secretion at night using pathways involved in circadian photoreception. The melatonin rhythm (as evidenced by its profile in plasma, saliva, or its major metabolite, 6‐sulphatoxymelatonin [aMT6s] in urine) is the best peripheral index of the timing of the human circadian pacemaker. Light suppression and phase‐shifting of the melatonin 24 h profile enables the characterization of human circadian photoreception, and circulating concentrations of the hormone are used to investigate the general properties of the human circadian system in health and disease. Suppression of melatonin by light at night has been invoked as a possible influence on major disease risk as there is increasing evidence for its oncostatic effects. Exogenous melatonin acts as a ‘chronobiotic.’ Acutely, it increases sleep propensity during ‘biological day.’ These properties have led to successful treatments for serveal circadian rhythm disorders. Endogenous melatonin acts to reinforce the functioning of the human circadian system, probably in many ways. The future holds much promise for melatonin as a research tool and as a therapy for various conditions. 相似文献
12.
Michelle Y. Coleman Elise M. McGlashan Parisa Vidafar Andrew J. K. Phillips 《Chronobiology international》2013,30(10):1373-1383
ABSTRACTStudies on circadian timing in depression have produced variable results, with some investigations suggesting phase advances and others phase delays. This variability may be attributable to differences in participant diagnosis, medication use, and methodology between studies. This study examined circadian timing in a sample of unmedicated women with and without unipolar major depressive disorder. Participants were aged 18–28 years, had no comorbid medical conditions, and were not taking medications. Eight women were experiencing a major depressive episode, nine had previously experienced an episode, and 31 were control participants with no history of mental illness. Following at least one week of actigraphic sleep monitoring, timing of salivary dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) was assessed in light of <1 lux. In currently depressed participants, melatonin onset occurred significantly earlier relative to sleep than in controls, with a large effect size. Earlier melatonin onset relative to sleep was also correlated with poorer mood for all participants. Our results indicate that during a unipolar major depressive episode, endogenous circadian phase is advanced relative to sleep time. This is consistent with the early-morning awakenings often seen in depression. Circadian misalignment may represent a precipitating or perpetuating factor that could be targeted for personalized treatment of major depression. 相似文献
13.
Familial advanced sleep-phase syndrome: A short-period circadian rhythm variant in humans. 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
C R Jones S S Campbell S E Zone F Cooper A DeSano P J Murphy B Jones L Czajkowski L J Ptácek 《Nature medicine》1999,5(9):1062-1065
Biological circadian clocks oscillate with an approximately 24-hour period, are ubiquitous, and presumably confer a selective advantage by anticipating the transitions between day and night. The circadian rhythms of sleep, melatonin secretion and body core temperature are thought to be generated by the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus, the anatomic locus of the mammalian circadian clock. Autosomal semi-dominant mutations in rodents with fast or slow biological clocks (that is, short or long endogenous period lengths; tau) are associated with phase-advanced or delayed sleep-wake rhythms, respectively. These models predict the existence of familial human circadian rhythm variants but none of the human circadian rhythm disorders are known to have a familial tendency. Although a slight 'morning lark' tendency is common, individuals with a large and disabling sleep phase-advance are rare. This disorder, advanced sleep-phase syndrome, is characterized by very early sleep onset and offset; only two cases are reported in young adults. Here we describe three kindreds with a profound phase advance of the sleep-wake, melatonin and temperature rhythms associated with a very short tau. The trait segregates as an autosomal dominant with high penetrance. These kindreds represent a well-characterized familial circadian rhythm variant in humans and provide a unique opportunity for genetic analysis of human circadian physiology. 相似文献
14.
Kräuchi K Knoblauch V Wirz-Justice A Cajochen C 《American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology》2006,290(4):R1052-R1061
The purpose of our study was to understand the relationship between the components of the three-process model of sleepiness regulation (homeostatic, circadian, and sleep inertia) and the thermoregulatory system. This was achieved by comparing the impact of a 40-h sleep deprivation vs. a 40-h multiple nap paradigm (10 cycles with 150/75 min wakefulness/sleep episodes) on distal and proximal skin temperatures, core body temperature (CBT), melatonin secretion, subjective sleepiness, and nocturnal sleep EEG slow-wave activity in eight healthy young men in a "controlled posture" protocol. The main finding of the study was that accumulation of sleep pressure increased subjective sleepiness and slow-wave activity during the succeeding recovery night but did not influence the thermoregulatory system as measured by distal, proximal, and CBT. The circadian rhythm of sleepiness (and proximal temperature) was significantly correlated and phase locked with CBT, whereas distal temperature and melatonin secretion were phase advanced (by 113 +/- 28 and 130 +/- 30 min, respectively; both P < 0.005). This provides evidence for a primary role of distal vasodilatation in the circadian regulation of CBT and its relationship with sleepiness. Specific thermoregulatory changes occur at lights off and on. After lights off, skin temperatures increased and were most pronounced for distal; after lights on, the converse occurred. The decay in distal temperature (vasoconstriction) was significantly correlated with the disappearance of sleep inertia. These effects showed minor and nonsignificant circadian modulation. In summary, the thermoregulatory system seems to be independent of the sleep homeostat, but the circadian modulation of sleepiness and sleep inertia is clearly associated with thermoregulatory changes. 相似文献
15.
L Wetterberg 《Reproduction, nutrition, development》1999,39(3):367-382
A review of the different publications dealing with melatonin in humans shows that this field has been very active in the last few years. Normative melatonin values have been defined. Various relationships between melatonin and other traits have been studied, such as sleep, circadian rhythm, surgical stress and anaesthesia. Age-related melatonin studies and melatonin during depression and other psychiatric disorders have been reviewed. Finally, some studies have been performed to use melatonin as a medication for sleep disturbance in depression, for jet-lag and as a skin protector for ultraviolet light. 相似文献
16.
Gabriela Melloni Zuculo Bruno S.B. Gonçalves Clay Brittes Luiz Menna-Barreto 《Chronobiology international》2017,34(4):527-530
Among the most co-occurring conditions in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), there are sleep disorders which may exacerbate associated behavioral disorders and lead to intensification of existing autistic symptoms. Several studies investigating the use of melatonin in the treatment of sleep disorders in ASD have shown comparative efficiency in sleep with little or no side effects. Here we report a case of ASD with non-24-hour rhythm and the effect of melatonin in circadian parameters by actigraphy. Visual analysis of the first 10 days recorded and the periodogram suggest that this patient showed a non-24-hour rhythm. This ASD subject showed before melatonin administration an activity/rest rhythm lower than 24 hours. The results show that melatonin increased approximately 4.7 times the regularity of circadian activity rhythm and resting staying on average between 00:00 and 06:00 and showed positive effects in improving the quality of sleep and behavior. So, the actigraphy showed an ASD subject with a non-24-hour activity/rest rhythm which changed this rhythm to a 24-hour rhythm after melatonin administration. This result reinforces the prospect of therapy with melatonin for synchronization (increased regularity) of endogenous rhythms and improve sleep quality and hence behavior and indicates the actigraphy as a choice tool to characterize several parameters of the activity/rest rhythm of ASD individuals. 相似文献
17.
《Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences》2022,29(7):103313
Melatonin, a pleiotropic hormone, has many regulatory effects on the circadian and seasonal rhythms, sleep and body immune system. It is used in the treatment of blind circadian rhythm sleep disorders, delayed sleep phase and insomnia. It is a potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, free radical scavenger, helpful in fighting infectious disease and cancer treatment. Decreased level of circulating melatonin was associated with an increased blood glucose level, losing the anti-oxidant protection and anti-inflammatory responses. We aimed to evaluate the effect of melatonin administration, in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats, on blood glucose level and pancreatic beta (β) cells. Diabetes mellitus was induced in Sprague dawley male rats by the intravenous (i.v) injection of 65 mg/kg of STZ. Diabetic rats received melatonin at a dose of 10 mg/kg daily for 8 weeks by oral routes. The results showed, after 8 weeks of melatonin administration, a reduction in: 1- fasting blood glucose (FBG) and fructosamine (FTA) levels, 2- kidney and liver function parameters, 3- levels of serum triglycerides, cholesterol and LDL-C, 4- malondialdehyde (MDA), 5- NF-κB expression in treated group, 6- pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-12) and immunoglobulins (IgA, IgE and IgG). Furthermore, an elevation in insulin secretion was noticed in melatonin treated group that indicated β cells regeneration. Therefore, melatonin administration, in STZ induced diabetic rats; reduced hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress. Melatonin acted as an anti-inflammatory agent that reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-12) and oxidative stress biomarkers (MDA). Melatonin succeeded in protecting β cells under severe inflammatory situations, which was apparent by the regeneration of islets of Langerhans in treated diabetic rats. Moreover, these results can open a gate for diabetes management and treatment. 相似文献
18.
Melatonin is a neurohormone that is believed to be involved in a wide range of physiological functions. In humans, appropriate clinical trials confirm the efficacy of melatonin or melatoninergic agonists for the MT1 and MT2 receptor subtypes in circadian rhythm sleep disorders only. Nevertheless, preclinical animal model studies relevant to human pathologies involving validated reference compounds lead to other therapeutic possibilities. Among these is a recently developed treatment concept for depression, which has been validated by the clinical efficacy of agomelatine, an agent having both MT1 and MT2 agonist and 5‐HT2C antagonist activity. A third melatonin binding site has been purified and characterized as the enzyme quinone reductase 2 (QR2). The physiological role of this enzyme is not yet known. Recent results obtained by different groups suggest: (1) that inhibition of QR2 may lead to “protective” effects and (2) that over‐expression of this enzyme may have deleterious effects. The inhibitory effect of melatonin on QR2 observed in vitro may explain the protective effects reported for melatonin in different animal models, such as cardiac or renal ischemia—effects that have been attributed to the controversial antioxidant properties of the hormone. The development of specific ligands for each of these melatonin binding sites is necessary to link physiological and/or therapeutic effects. 相似文献
19.
A. Yu. Molchanov M. G. Ivanovskaya 《Moscow University Biological Sciences Bulletin》2013,68(4):143-148
Melatonin is a hormone produced in terrestrial vertebrates and humans in the pineal organ, an endocrine gland. It was established that one of the major functions of melatonin is the synchronization of the function of all organs and the regulation of seasonal and diurnal rhythms of their physiological activity. The synchronization function and rhythm regulation are performed in accordance with the circadian rhythm of melatonin expression, depending on the length of day and night. Melatonin is able to influence the growth, development, and physiological activity of different types of cells, affecting the mechanisms of signaling pathways and cascades similarly to growth factors. It was confirmed that the processes of conception, pregnancy, and childbirth directly depend on the rhythm and secretion profile of the epiphyseal hormone melatonin in the body. In this review, we attempt to combine the available published data on the involvement of melatonin in various physiological processes during the preimplantation and postimplantation periods of life of the organism and its positive and negative effects at the stages of puberty. 相似文献
20.
Nicole Lovato Gorica Micic Michael Gradisar Sally A. Ferguson Helen J. Burgess David J. Kennaway 《Chronobiology international》2016,33(10):1376-1390
Introduction: The efficacy of bright light and/or melatonin treatment for Delayed Sleep Wake Phase Disorder (DSWPD) is contingent upon an accurate clinical assessment of the circadian phase. However, the process of determining this circadian phase can be costly and is not yet readily available in the clinical setting. The present study investigated whether more cost-effective and convenient estimates of the circadian phase, such as self-reported sleep timing, can be used to predict the circadian phase and guide the timing of light and/or melatonin treatment (i.e. dim-light melatonin onset, core body temperature minimum and melatonin secretion mid-point) in a sample of individuals with DSWPD. Method: Twenty-four individuals (male = 17; mean age = 21.96, SD = 5.11) with DSWPD were selected on the basis of ICSD-3 criteria from a community-based sample. The first 24-hours of a longer 80-hour constant laboratory ultradian routine were used to determine core body temperature minimum (cBTmin), dim-light melatonin onset (DLMO) and the midpoint of the melatonin secretion period (DLMmid = [DLM°ff–DLMO]/2). Prior to the laboratory session subjective sleep timing was assessed using a 7-day sleep/wake diary, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Delayed Sleep Phase Disorder Sleep Timing Questionnaire (DSPD-STQ). Results: Significant moderate to strong positive correlations were observed between self-reported sleep timing variables and DLMO, cBTmin and DLMmid. Regression equations revealed that the circadian phase (DLMO, cBTmin and DLMmid) was estimated within ±1.5 hours of the measured circadian phase most accurately by the combination of sleep timing measures (88% of the sample) followed by sleep diary reported midsleep (83% of the sample) and sleep onset time (79% of the sample). Discussion: These findings suggest that self-reported sleep timing may be useful clinically to predict a therapeutically relevant circadian phase in DSWPD. 相似文献