大黄鱼肝表达抗菌肽2基因的克隆和原核表达

抗菌肽是在多种细胞中表达具有抗菌活性的肽类物质的总称,在免疫反应中发挥着非常重要的作用.通过同源克隆法克隆到大黄鱼肝脏表达的抗菌肽2(liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide-2,LEAP-2)基因的完整开放阅读框(Opening Reading Frame,ORF).克隆到的大黄鱼LEAP-2全长2236 bp,包含外显子Ⅰ78 bp,内含子Ⅰ880 bp,外显子Ⅱ179 bp,内含子Ⅱ1044 bp,外显子Ⅲ55 bp,编码序列312 bp,编码103个氨基酸.推断的氨基酸序列羧基端区域存在高度保守的4 个半胱氨酸残基,符合LEAP-2超家族的结构特征.同源性对比后显示LEAP-2基因在进化上高度保守,大黄鱼LEAP-2推断的氨基酸序列与牙鲆、黄颡鱼、蓝色鲶鱼和斑点叉尾鮰等鱼类之间的同源性均在95%以上.将大黄鱼LEAP-2 cDNA连接到pET-32a(+),构建了重组表达质粒pET-32a-LEAP-2,将其转化到大肠杆菌BL21上并用1.0 mmol/L IPTG诱导表达,获得了大小约为27 kDa的重组蛋白,与预期的一致.     

温度和病菌感染对大黄鱼HSP67B2基因表达的影响

热激蛋白普遍存在于生物体内,是进化上非常保守的蛋白家族,可作为分子伴侣,并抑制细胞凋亡,提高生物体的耐热性.克隆了大黄鱼HSP67B2基因,并分析了温度和病菌对其表达的影响.获得的大黄鱼HSP67B2序列全长2325 bp,包括4个外显子和3个内含子,其中开放阅读框为525 bp,编码174个氨基酸.随着温度的改变,大黄鱼不同组织HSP67B2基因的表达呈现出不同的变化.24℃时HSP67B2在肌肉和肝组织中表达量最高,29℃时在肠和眼表达量最高.用恶臭假单胞菌感染大黄鱼,48 h时HSP67B2在肠和脾中表达量明显升高;而感染7 d后,肝、肠和脑中表达量明显升高.     

大黄鱼Follistatin基因克隆及表达分析

卵泡抑素(follistatin,FST)是转化生长因子β(Transforming growth factor-β)超家族成员之一,在动物肌肉生长中起重要作用。采用RT-PCR、RACE和常规PCR技术克隆了大黄鱼FST基因。获得的基因序列长3195 bp,其中5’非编码区96 bp,3’非编码区47 bp,含5个外显子及4个内含子。该基因开放阅读框972 bp,编码323个氨基酸,其中信号肽31个氨基酸,成熟肽292个氨基酸。Blast结果表明,大黄鱼FST基因与金鲷FST基因的核苷酸及蛋白序列同源性最高,分别达到96%和99%。FST基因在大黄鱼脑、眼、鳃、肾等多个组织中表达,其中鳃组织的表达量最高,脾组织中表达最低。检测水温19℃、25℃、30℃时大黄鱼不同组织FST基因表达量,眼和肌肉组织中FST基因表达量变化显著,推测FST基因可能在鱼类生长发育中发挥重要作用。     

大黄鱼Flotillin-1基因分子特征分析

浮舰蛋白-1(Flotillin-1)是属于SPFH家族的蛋白,是重要的脂筏标志性蛋白.在构建大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)肌肉组织cDNA文库的基础上,克隆了Flotillin-1基因,并进一步扩增出内含子.克隆到的序列全长为2497 bp,其中编码区1194 bp,编码397个氨基酸.生物信息学分析大黄鱼Flotillin-1有5类20个功能位点,存在2次跨膜结构,N端和C端都位于细胞膜内.大黄鱼Flotillin-1氨基酸序列具有非常高的保守性,与大西洋鲑和斑马鱼的同源性都在80%以上.在组织中的表达也非常广泛,其中在脾中的表达最强.     

大黄鱼CYP1A基因cDNA的克隆与表达分析

由于外源化合物能诱导鱼类CYPIA(P4501A)的表达,因而它广泛被用作评价水环境污染生物标记物.利用RT-PCR结合RACE技术从大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)肝脏克隆了CYP1A基因全长cDNA序列.经分析,该cDNA的5'末端有175 bp的非翻译区.开放阅读框为1 566 bp,编码521个氨基酸和一个终止密码子,3'末端有857 bp的非翻译区,3'非翻译区有一个多聚腺苷酸信号及两个与mRNA的快速降解有关的AUUUA序列.推测大黄鱼CYP1A的氨基酸序列和欧洲鲈鱼的相似度最高迭89.6%.用RT-PCR检测大黄鱼CYP1A的表达特征发现,在所检测的9个组织中均有表达,以肝脏、消化道、脾脏和肾脏的表达量较高.     

大黄鱼CD53基因克隆和分子特征分析

白细胞表面抗原CD53属于四跨膜蛋白超家族,在免疫反应中起着重要作用。在构建大黄鱼（Larim ichthyscrocea）肌肉组织cDNA文库的基础上,克隆了CD53基因。克隆到的CD53基因全长1210bp,其中5-′UTR 113bp,3′-UTR 422bp,CDS 675bp,编码224个氨基酸。生物信息学分析显示大黄鱼CD53存在4次跨膜结构,N端和C端都位于细胞膜内,膜外有两个亲水环,跨膜区域为疏水区域,两个N-糖基化位点都位于靠近C端的亲水环上。大黄鱼CD53氨基酸序列具非常高的保守性,与三刺鱼、斑马鱼、虹鳟等多种鱼类的相似性在70%以上。在检测的10种组织中,CD53只在大黄鱼的脾、骨骼肌、肾、肝、肠组织中表达,其中在肠组织中表达最强。     

大黄鱼白细胞介素8基因克隆及特征分析

白细胞介素8是一种CXC型趋化性细胞因子,在免疫反应中起着非常重要的作用。本文在构建大黄鱼肌肉组织cD-NA文库的基础上,克隆了白细胞介素8基因。克隆到的白细胞介素8全长为2582bp,基因组包含106bp的5’端非编码区,52bp的外显子Ⅰ,168bp的内含子Ⅰ,133bp的外显子Ⅱ,149bp的内含子Ⅱ,87bp的外显子Ⅲ,682bp的内含子Ⅲ,13bp的外显子Ⅳ和1192bp的3’端非编码区,编码序列285bp,编码94个氨基酸。氨基酸序列具有趋化性因子CXC家族的结构特征,在进化上高度保守,与鲈鱼的同源性在90％以上。在检测的大黄鱼的10种组织中,表达量较高的为肾、肝、肠和脾,脑、心和肌肉中表达量较低。     

温度和病原菌感染对大黄鱼热激蛋白90基因表达的影响

热激蛋白（heat shock protein,HSP）是进化上非常保守的蛋白质家族之一,普遍存在于各种生物体中,在多种生理活动中起到重要作用。该实验克隆了大黄鱼HSP90基因,并分析了温度和病原菌感染对其表达的影响。克隆到的大黄鱼HSP90序列长3 930 nt,含4个外显子和3个内含子,其中编码区2 178 nt,编码725个氨基酸。同源性分析发现,大黄鱼HSP90基因序列和其它鱼类的同源性在90%以上。在不同水温下,HSP90基因在不同组织中的表达量变化不同,心、肠和脑等组织在29 oC时表达量最高,而肌肉、脾和肝等组织在24 oC时表达量最高。用病原菌感染大黄鱼,感染48 h后,鳃、心、脾、肠、肾和脑组织HSP90的表达量明显上升;发病时（感染7天后）,受检的9种组织中HSP90的表达量都比未感染时明显增加。     

大黄鱼KLF6基因分子克隆和特征分析

KLF6具有抗细胞增殖的特性,在抑制肿瘤细胞方面起着重要作用.在获得KLF6基因EST序列的基础上,克隆到了KLF6基因,全长1185 bp,其中5′端198 bp,3′端333 bp,开放阅读框654 bp,编码217个氨基酸.与KLF转录因子家族其它成员一样,大黄鱼KLF6的C-端含有3个连续的C2H2型锌指结构域.其氨基酸序列高度保守,与其它鱼类的同源性在90%以上.在检测的大黄鱼骨骼肌、肝脏、眼、脑、脾、心、鳃、肠和肾等9种组织中,KLF6都有不同程度的表达,其中肾、肝脏、鳃、脾脏和脑等组织中的表达量较高.KLF6表达范围的广泛性提示其在多种组织中参与细胞功能活动的调控.     

大黄鱼肝细胞肿瘤相关抗原-127基因克隆及分子特征分析

在构建大黄鱼肌肉组织cDNA文库的基础上,克隆了肝细胞肿瘤相关抗原-127基因.克隆到的基因全长l439bp,其中5′-UTR 124 bp,3′-UTR 640 bp,编码序列675 bp,编码224个氨基酸.生物信息学分析显示,大黄鱼HCA127基因存在多个功能位点,即N端糖基化位点、蛋白激酶C磷酸化位点、酪蛋白激酶Ⅱ磷酸化位点和亮氨酸拉链结构位点.大黄鱼HCA127氨基酸序列具有较高的保守性,与斑马鱼、胡瓜鱼、大西洋鲑等多种鱼类的相似性在80％以上.在检测的9种组织中,肝细胞肿瘤相关抗原-127基因在肝、肾、肠、鳃、眼、脑组织中表达,其中在脑组织中表达最强,肝和鳃组织中次之,肾和眼组织中表达较微弱.     

Genetic Mapping and QTL Analysis of Growth Traits in the Large Yellow Croaker Larimichthys crocea

Large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) is an important maricultured species in China. A genetic linkage map of the large yellow croaker was constructed using type II microsatellites and expressed sequence tag (EST)-derived microsatellites in two half-sib families (two females and one male). A total of 289 microsatellite markers (contained 93 EST-SSRs) were integrated into 24 linkage groups, which agreed with the haploid chromosome number. The map spanned a length of 1,430.8 cm with an average interval of 5.4 cm, covering 83.9 % of the estimated genome size (1,704.8 cm). A total of seven quantitative trait locis (QTLs) were detected for growth traits on five linkage groups, including two 1 % and five 5 % chromosome-wide significant QTLs, and explained from 2.33 to 5.31 % of the trait variation. The identified QTLs can be applied in marker-assisted selection programs to improve the growth traits.     

Regulation of adiponectin on lipid metabolism in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea)

Adiponectin (APN), an adipose tissue-derived hormone, plays a key role in regulating energy metabolism in mammals. However, its physiological roles in teleosts remain poorly understood. In the present study, the apn gene was cloned from large yellow croaker, which was mainly expressed in the adipose, muscle and liver. Further studies showed that adaptor protein phosphotyrosine interaction PH domain and leucine zipper 1 (APPL1) was localized in the cytoplasm near the cell membrane and was directly bounded to adiponectin receptors (AdipoRs). Meanwhile, APN played a crucial role in lipid metabolism of primary muscle cells by promoting the synthesis, oxidation and transport of fatty acids, and the promoting effects were blocked by knockdown of appl1 and AdipoRs. Furthermore, the activation/inhibition of peroxisome proliferators activated receptor γ (PPARγ) enhanced/suppressed the APN-mediated lipid metabolism. Overall, results showed that APN mediated lipid metabolism through AdipoRs-APPL1 activated PPARγ and further regulated the synthesis, oxidation and transport of FA. This study will facilitate the investigation of APN functions in lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis and reveal the evolution of lipids utilization and energy homeostasis in vertebrates.     

A general method for the isolation of haptoglobin 1-1, 2-1, and 2-2 from human plasma

A general method for the isolation of haptoglobin 1-1, 2-1, and 2-2 human plasma is described. Plasma is fractionated by affinity chromatography on chicken hemoglobin-Sepharose using the full capacity of the column; then after washing the column thoroughly, haptoglobin is eluted with 8 M urea and the eluate is collected in fractions to separate active and denatured haptoglobin. The urea-free, active fractions of haptoglobin are fractionated by affinity chromatography on Affi-Gel Con A to remove nonglycoproteins, principally apolipoprotein A-I, and the haptoglobin is eluted with 0.5 M glucose. Then the haptoglobin-containing fractions are fractionated by negative immunoadsorption chromatography on anti-chicken hemoglobin-protein A-Sepharose to remove chicken hemoglobin-human haptoglobin complexes. Haptoglobin prepared by this three-step procedure is biologically active and nearly homogeneous. The recovery is approximately 70%, irrespective of phenotype. The procedure can be completed in 3 days. A partial purification of apolipoprotein A-I is obtained simultaneously by this method.     

低氧-酸化胁迫对大黄鱼早期发育阶段生长及生理代谢的影响

为探究低氧-酸化胁迫对大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)早期发育阶段生长及生理代谢的影响,实验设置4个处理组,分别为对照组(溶解氧7.0 mg/L,pH 8.1)、低氧组(溶解氧3.5 mg/L,pH 8.1)、酸化组(溶解氧7.0 mg/L,pH 7.3)和低氧-酸化组(溶解氧3.5 mg/L,pH 7...     

Rat plasma murinoglobulin: isolation, characterization, and comparison with rat alpha-1- and alpha-2-macroglobulins

Murinoglobulin, a newly identified mouse plasma protein with trypsin-protein esterase activity (Saito, A. & Sinohara, H. (1985) J. Biol. Chem. 260, 775-781), was also found in rat plasma and purified to apparent homogeneity. The serum level of rat murinoglobulin was 14.1 mg/ml, amounting to 1/3 of the total serum globulin fraction. Rat murinoglobulin was a monomeric glycoprotein (Mr = 210,000) containing 12% carbohydrate. Rat plasma contained two isoforms of murinoglobulin, termed I and II, which showed complete immunological identity on double diffusion analysis using rabbit antiserum raised against isoform I or II. These antisera also showed partial cross-reactivity towards mouse murinoglobulin and rat alpha-1-macroglobulin but not towards rat or human alpha-2-macroglobulin. The chemical compositions, peptide mapping patterns and electrophoretic mobilities of the two isoforms resembled each other but clearly differed from those of rat alpha-1- or alpha-2-macroglobulin. Rat murinoglobulin inhibited the proteolytic activity of trypsin towards casein and remazol brilliant blue hide powder. The inhibition as to the latter substrate was greater than that as to the former. When molar ratios of inhibitor to trypsin were low, murinoglobulin and the two alpha-macroglobulins stimulated the amidolytic activity of trypsin towards a synthetic substrate. At higher ratios, however, murinoglobulin, but not the alpha-macroglobulins, inhibited the same activity. The trypsin-protein esterase activity of murinoglobulin and the two alpha-macroglobulins was impaired by a molar excess of soybean trypsin inhibitor. Murinoglobulin and the two alpha-macroglobulins were inactivated by methylamine with a concomitant unmasking of the thiol group. Murinoglobulin was much more sensitive to soybean trypsin inhibitor and methylamine than the two alpha-macroglobulins.