中国南海北部北部湾水母类调查及三新种记述(刺胞动物门)(英文)

材料系于2007年(1,4,7,10月)、2008年(1,7月)和2009年(1月)在北部湾水域采集的,调查海区共设52站,共采集364份样品。经分析鉴定出67种水母,其中有3新种和中国2新纪录,主辐特古水母Tregouboiva perradialis Xu,Huang et Du,sp. nov.,泡真囊水母Euphysora vacuola Xu,Huang et Guo,sp. nov.,波腺侧丝水母Helgicirrha sinuatus Xu,Huang et Du,sp. nov.,艾格帝纹水母Timoides agassizi Bigelow,1904和大腺美螅水母Clytia macrogonia Bouillon,1984。此外,还报道了20种水母为北部湾新纪录。模式标本保存在中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所。主辐特古水母,新种Tregoubovia perradialis Xu,Huang et Du,sp. nov.鉴别特征伞近钟形,外伞有16条双层向心肋; 垂管很大,近方形,约为内伞腔深度4/5;口有4个延长成触手状的口唇,具环状刺胞,无末端刺胞球;隔膜短;4个大的椭圆形生殖腺,几乎覆盖整个垂管主辐位;伞缘无缘触手或缘基球;无眼点。正模(BG 001),北部湾S30站(17°30’N,107°30’E;水深70m),2008-07-06,梁新采(南海水产研究所)。词源:新种种名源自拉丁词perradialis,意为生殖腺位于垂管主辐位。泡真囊水母,新种Euphysora vacuola Xu,Huang et Guo,sp. nov.鉴别特征伞有钝圆形顶突;垂管长椭圆形,约有1/2长度超出缘膜口外,垂管基部很宽,覆盖着浓密泡状细胞组织;4条辐管上部与扩大的垂管基部连接;生殖腺围绕着垂管壁;主触手很长,触手基球很大,呈卵圆形至球形,触手上具30～40个成排的背轴刺胞球,无末端膨大刺胞球,另3个触手基球退化,很小,同样大小,无丝状触手,每个基球具外胚层背距。正模(BG 006),北部湾C15站(20°N,109°E;水深44m),2007-07-25,梁新采(南海水产研究所)。副模(TB001),台湾海峡102站(23°40’N,118°44’E;水深54m),1988-06-29,黄加祺采(厦门大学海洋学系)。词源:新种种名源自拉丁词vacuola,意为该种在垂管基部覆盖浓密泡状细胞组织。波腺侧丝水母,新种 Helgicirrha sinuatus Xu,Huang et Du,sp.nov.鉴别特征伞略扁于半球形;胃柄长,约有1/2超出缘膜口外,垂管短小,口有4个短的略为向上弯曲折叠的口唇;生殖腺深波形,位于辐管远端1/3处; 16 ～ 24 条缘触手,每条触手具2对侧丝,每2条触手间有3～5个缘疣,具1对侧丝和3～4个平衡囊,每个平衡囊有2～4个平衡石;所有触手和缘疣基部均有向轴排泄乳突。正模(BG 007),副模(BG 008-009),北部湾S18站( 18°45’N,106°45’E;水深53m),2007-04-15,梁新采(南海水产研究所)。词源:新种种名源自拉丁词sinuatus,意为该种生殖腺深波状。     

闽南-粤东近海上升流区花水母亚纲一新属二新种记述(丝螅水母目,原帽水母科;头螅水母目,棒状水母科)

记述了闽南-粤东近海上升流区花水母亚纲原帽水母科Protiaridae Haeckel,1879裸球拟海帽水母1新种Halitiarella nudibulbus Xu,Huang et Guo,sp.nov.与棒状水母科Corymorphidae Allman,1872张氏八辐端粗水母1新属1新种Octovannuccia zhangjinbiaoi Xu,Huang et Lin,gen.nov.,sp.nov.。模式标本保存在国家海洋局第三海洋研究所。裸球拟海帽水母,新种Halitiarella nudibulbus Xu,Huang et Guo,sp.nov.(图1～2)鉴别特征水母伞无顶突,外伞有分散刺胞;伞缘有4条主辐位触手和4个间辐位缘基球,所有触手和缘基球有背轴眼点;主辐位触手与间辐位缘基球间具2～3条短的实心缘丝。正模(TS045)和副模(TS046-049),闽南-粤东上升流区A25站(22.8°N,118.1°E),水深32m,2009-06-11,项鹏采(第三海洋研究所)。词源:新种以拉丁词nudibulbus为种名,意为裸球,指该种间辐位缘基球无触手。八辐端粗水母,新属Octova...     

拟柄突和平水母在中国的首次发现及其生活史观察

报道青岛海洋科技馆培养的和平水母属(软水母亚纲,和平水母科)一种我国的新纪录--拟柄突和平水母西 Eirene lacteoides Kubota and Horita,1992.首次提供该种水母水螅体的形态,并对各期水母体的特征进行描述,为编写水螅水母动物志提供参考.     

贵州福泉的索氏桃花水母生长及 精巢发育初步研究

2017年10月中旬,在贵州省福泉县一个池塘中发现了桃花水母,经分子鉴定确认为索氏桃花水母（Craspedacusta sowerbyi）。研究了其生长发育的情况,建立了拟合优度线性相关函数,并观察了雄性索氏桃花水母精巢外形发育过程。结果表明,福泉的索氏桃花水母雌雄异体,雌性触手细长,伸向上方;雄性触手短粗,垂向下方。缘膜宽度、口径宽度、触手数量与伞径相关函数的相关系数r均大于0.75,说明3个指标与伞径之间均存在极强正相关关系。福泉的索氏桃花水母雄性个体性腺4个,淡绿色,成熟雄性个体精巢呈囊状、三角囊状、长三角囊状,4个精巢的发育不同步。研究表明,当伞径小于12 mm时,福泉的索氏桃花水母处于生长发育期,缘膜、口径宽度、触手数量、雄性精巢4个性状随之增长而变化,当伞径大于等于12 mm时,个体处于成熟期,上述4个性状相对稳定,变化不大。本文对于性腺作为桃花水母分类指标的有效性做了探讨。     

中国涡虫一新纪录科达氏涡虫属一新种(单肠目,达氏科)

记述了中国涡虫纲单肠目1新纪录科达氏科达氏涡虫属1新种,即中国达氏涡虫Dalyellia sinensis sp.nov..新种的主要鉴别特征是:表皮下有许多单细胞绿藻Chlorella sp.,体表呈绿色;体长2 200 μm,体中部宽475μm,几丁质阴茎长178 μm,柄2根,柄长100μm,柄宽13～15 μm,两柄间距188 μm,分支2条,呈心形排列,阴茎上有几丁质刺22根,分支末端的刺长是基部刺长的1/5.标本保存在深圳大学生命科学学院形态学研究室.     

长江口及邻近海域浮游水螅水母、管水母和栉水母的丰度分布与季节变化

依据2002—2003年长江口及邻近海域(29°00'—32°00'N、122°00—123°30'E)4个季节的海洋调查资料,探讨了该水域小型水母(含水螅水母、管水母和栉水母)总丰度的空间分布特征及季节差异。结果显示,该海域共出现小型水母41种,其中水螅水母28种,管水螅11种,栉水母2种。主要优势种包括管水母大西洋五角水母(Muggiaea atlantica)、双生水母(Diphyes chamissonis)和气囊水母(Physophora hydrostatica)以及水螅水母四叶小舌水母(Liriope tetraphylla)、两手筐水母(Solmundella bitentaculata)和短柄和平水母(Eirene brevistylus),其中大西洋五角水母为冬、春季第一优势种,双生水母则为夏、秋季第一优势种。该水域小型水母总丰度呈明显季节差异,夏季丰度最高((337.33±55.68)个/m~2),春、秋季次之(分别为(142.09±67.71)个/m~2和(132.84±35.17)个/m~2),冬季最低((113.69±32.72)个/m~2)。水温是影响调查区小型水母总丰度季节变化的主要环境因子,小型水母丰度与表层温度显著正相关(P0.01)。盐度是影响小型水母平面分布格局的主要环境因子,春季小型水母丰度与底层盐度正相关(P0.05),夏季与10 m层盐度正相关(P0.01),全年则是与10 m层盐度正相关(P0.01)。此外,调查水域小型水母丰度与其饵料——小型桡足类亦存在显著正相关关系(P0.01)。     

我国的水螅水母

关于我国水螅水母的调查研究,已发表不少的报告。徐锡藩(1928)曾记载了厦门港的水母一新种;费鸿年(1937)记录了海南岛管水母2种;林绍文(l937)报告了浙江嵊山沿海的水母10种;丘书院(1954)发表了厦门的水母18种;高哲生等(1958)记载了山东沿海(主要是青岛)的水母33种;周太玄等(1958)发表了烟台水母33种;魏崇德(1959)报告了舟山水母10种;高哲生等(1962)又报告了舟山水母22种;许振祖等(1962)发表了福建沿海水母类,其中水螅水母有18种;Bigelow(1918)曾述及Vanhoffen记载了香港水母8种;本文作者自秦皇岛采得水母5种。在淡水水母调     

两个新的桃花水母形态度量学参数的建立及其在种类区分上的应用

桃花水母属一些种类命名的有效性仍存在争议,本文建立了两个新的形态度量学参数,即触手密集度和平衡囊密集度,采用形态度量学方法对在我国采集到的索氏桃花水母、嘉定桃花水母、中华桃花水母和短手桃花水母进行了比较研究,并讨论这两个参数在种类区分上的应用。此外,利用Spearman秩相关系数检验桃花水母各形态学参数之间的相关性。结果表明,短手桃花水母和中华桃花水母在形态上没有明显的差异,可能与中华桃花水母为同一物种。嘉定桃花水母与中华桃花水母和索氏桃花水母在形态上均存在显著的差异,应该是一个有效种。桃花水母的触手数和平衡囊数均与伞径显著正相关,除嘉定桃花水母外,其他三种桃花水母的平衡囊密集度都与触手密集度显著正相关。     

南海北部近海水螅虫总纲四新种和二新纪录研究(刺胞动物门,自育水母纲,水螅水母纲)

记述了南海北部近海水螅虫总纲4新种和2新纪录,即自育水母纲的顶胃穴水母岛Sminthea apicigastrica Xu,Huang et Du,sp.nov.,水螅水母纲的距拟双手水母Codonorchis calcariformis Xu,Huang et Guo,sp.nov.,南海多管水母Aequorea nanhainensis Xu,Huang et Du,sp.nov.,四手多管水母Aequorea tetranema Xu,Huang et Du,sp.nov.,深水拟单手水母Paragotoea bathybia Kramp,1942和母螅镰螅水母Zanclea medusopolypata Boero,Bouillon et Gravili,2000.并讨论了新种与近缘种的区别,模式标本保存在中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所.     

桃花水母生活史的实验观察

记录了中国产信阳桃花水母(Craspedacusta xinyangensis)的生活史及各阶段主要发育特征。25～28℃条件下,卵受精23h后发育成长0.14～0.21mm的圆棍状浮浪幼虫,养殖环境下,浮浪幼虫在水中漂浮3～5d后固定到人工玻璃底质上,3～4d后发育成长度0.3～0.6mm的螅状体。水螅体产生无纤毛的类浮浪幼虫形成新的螅状体。一个螅状体成熟后产生一个水母芽,新释放的幼水母具有16只触手。     

Crystal structure, detonation performance, and thermal stability of a new polynitro cage compound: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptacyclo [5.5.1.13, 11. 15, 9] pentadecane

A new polynitro cage compound 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptcyclo [5.5.1.1(3,11).1(5,9)] pentadecane (NNNAHP) was designed in the present work. Its molecular structure was optimized at the B3LYP/6-31 G(d,p) level of density functional theory (DFT) and crystal structure was predicted using the Compass and Dreiding force fields and refined by DFT GGA-RPBE method. The obtained crystal structure of NNNAHP belongs to the P-1 space group and the lattice parameters are a = 9.99 ?, b = 10.78 ?, c = 9.99 ?, α = 90.01°, β = 120.01°, γ = 90.00°, and Z = 2, respectively. Based on the optimized crystal structure, the band gap, density of state, thermodynamic properties, infrared spectrum, strain energy, detonation characteristics, and thermal stability were predicted. Calculation results show that NNNAHP has detonation properties close to those of CL-20 and is a high energy density compound with moderate stability.     

Distribution of N,P, K,Ca, Mg,S, Zn,Fe, Mn and Cu in groundnut

Summary Concentration of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S in summer groundnut crop was higher than in kharif while Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu contents were higher in summer crop. Kernel's N, P and Zn; Leaflet's Ca and Mn; Stem's K and Fe; Root's S and Cu and Petiole's Mg contents were highest. Shell's N, P, K, Mg, S, Zn and Cu; Kernel's Ca, Fe and Mn contents were the least. N, P, K, S, Zn and Cu concentrations decreased linearly as the crop grew. Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn concentrations did not display any distinct pattern. Ca concentration was positively correlated with pod yield in both the seasons.     

Simultaneous measurement of the trace elements Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum and their reference ranges by ICP-MS

The goal of this article was to establish reference ranges of the concentration of trace elements in human serum and to compare these results with those reported by other authors. We describe the sample preparation and measurement conditions that allow the rapid, precise, and accurate determination of Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum samples (n=110) by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Accuracy and precision were determined by analyzing three reconstituted reference serum samples by comparison with other methods and by the standard addition procedure. The advantages of the ICP-MS method include short time of analysis of the elements mentioned, low detection limit, high precision, and high accuracy. Disadventages include a high risk of contamination due to the presence of some of the elements of interest in the environment, the relatively delicate sample handling, and the high cost of the equipment.     

Reference values for the concentrations of As,Cd, Co,Cr, Cu,Fe, I,Hg, Mn,Mo, Ni,Pb, Se,and Zn in selected human tissues and body fluids

This report attempts to formulate reference ranges of elemental concentrations for 15 trace elements in selected human tissues and body fluids. A set of samples consisting of whole blood, blood serum, urine, milk, liver, and hair were chosen and considered for 15 elements of biological significance: As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, F, Fe, I, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn. The results represent wholly or partially data received from 40 countries of the global regions of Africa, Asia, Europe, North, South, and Central America, Australia, and New Zealand. This survey, even if qualitative, has been useful in demonstrating certain trends of trace-element scenarios around the world. It is of course recognized that both diet and environment exert a strong influence on the distribution pattern of several elements, such as As, Cd, Mn, Pb, Se, and Zn. A limited comparison of the available information on soil status of different countries reflected some interesting associations for elements, such as Mn and Zn. Importantly, this study revealed that only a few countries were in a position to identify a reasonable amount of data on samples requested for this project. Regretably, for a number of countries, any dependable data for even such essential elements as Cu, Fe, and Zn were not available. In view of the nutritional importance of many elements, the time is ripe for concerted efforts by intergovernmental agencies to initiate investigations or commission task forces/projects to generate reliable reference data for selected global regions, which sadly lack data of any kind at present.     

Relations of the Al,B, Ba,Br, Ca,Cl, Cu,Fe, K,Li, Mg,Mn, Na,P, S,Si, Sr,and Zn mass fractions to morphometric parameters in pediatric and nonhyperplastic young adult prostate glands

The variation with age of the 18 trace element mass fractions and some histological characteristics of intact prostate glands of 50 subjects aged 0–30 years was investigated by instrumental neutron activation analysis, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, and a quantitative morphometric analysis. Mean values ± standard error of the mean (M ± SΕΜ) for the mass fractions (in milligrams per kilogram wet tissue) of these trace elements in pre-puberty were: Al 28.5 ± 9.0, B 0.40 ± 0.11, Ba 1.48 ± 0.44, Br 10.5 ± 1.5, Ca 241 ± 30, Cl 3,203 ± 278, Cu 3.51 ± 0.89, Fe 33.7 ± 4.1, K 2,364 ± 145, Li 0.020 ± 0.004, Mg 153 ± 23, Mn 0.46 ± 0.06, Na 2,286 ± 130, P 1,391 ± 100, S 1,698 ± 132, Si 62 ± 11, Sr 0.38 ± 0.08, and Zn 27.6 ± 2.3. During puberty and postpuberty, when there is a significant increase in circulating androgens, the mean values were: Al 7.2 ± 1.4, B 0.21 ± 0.05, Ba 0.25 ± 0.06, Br 5.8 ± 1.0, Ca 433 ± 81, Cl 2,314 ± 201, Cu 1.77 ± 0.13, Fe 20.9 ± 1.6, K 2,585 ± 118, Li 0.0088 ± 0.0014, Mg 232 ± 27, Mn 0.34 ± 0.04, Na 1,875 ± 107, P 1,403 ± 98, S 1,673 ± 73, Si 22.2 ± 3.1, Sr 0.22 ± 0.03, and Zn 93.3 ± 8.9. Mean values (M ± SΕΜ) of percent volumes (%) of the stroma, epithelium and lumen in the prostate before puberty were 73.4 ± 2.6, 20.4 ± 1.7, and 4.45 ± 0.94, respectively, versus 46.5 ± 2.5, 38.5 ± 1.9, and 14.9 ± 1.2 during puberty and postpuberty. This work’s results confirm that the Zn mass fraction in prostate tissue is an androgen-dependent parameter. For the first time it has been demonstrated that the glandular lumen is a main pool of Ca, Mg, and Zn accumulation and that the stroma is a main pool of Al, B, Ba, Br, Cl, Cu, Fe, Mn, Na, and Si accumulation in the normal human prostate, for the age range 0–30 years. It was concluded that the Ca, Mg, and Zn binds tightly within the prostatic fluid, because the volume of glandular lumen reflects the volume of prostatic fluid.     

The Effect of Age and Gender on Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, Sr, V, and Zn Contents in Rib Bone of Healthy Humans

The effect of age and gender on major, minor, and trace element contents in the intact rib bone of 80 relatively healthy 15–55-year-old women and men was investigated. Contents or upper limit of contents of 16 chemical elements in the rib bone were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Mean values (M?±?SΕΜ) for the mass fraction of Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Na, P, S, Sr, and Zn (milligram per kilogram of dry bone) were as follows: 2.54?±?0.16, 171,400?±?4,050, 1.35?±?0.22, 140?±?11, 1,874?±?71, 0.049?±?0.011, 2,139?±?38, 5,378?±?88, 75,140?±?1,660, 1,881?±?51, 291?±?20, and 92.8?±?1.5, respectively. The upper limits of contents of Al, B, Mn, and V were <7.20, <0.65, <0.36, and <0.03, respectively. Statistically significant tendency for the Ca, Mg, and P content to decrease with age was found in the human rib bone, regardless of gender. The mass fraction of Fe in the male rib bone increases with age. It was shown that higher Ca, Mg, Na, P, and Sr mass fractions as well as lower Fe content were typical of female ribs as compared to those in male ribs.     

Potential Compounds for Oral Cancer Treatment: Resveratrol,Nimbolide, Lovastatin,Bortezomib, Vorinostat,Berberine, Pterostilbene,Deguelin, Andrographolide,and Colchicine

Oral cancer is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths in South-Asian countries. There are very limited treatment options available for oral cancer. Research endeavors focused on discovery and development of novel therapies for oral cancer, is necessary to control the ever rising oral cancer related mortalities. We mined the large pool of compounds from the publicly available compound databases, to identify potential therapeutic compounds for oral cancer. Over 84 million compounds were screened for the possible anti-cancer activity by custom build SVM classifier. The molecular targets of the predicted anti-cancer compounds were mined from reliable sources like experimental bioassays studies associated with the compound, and from protein-compound interaction databases. Therapeutic compounds from DrugBank, and a list of natural anti-cancer compounds derived from literature mining of published studies, were used for building partial least squares regression model. The regression model thus built, was used for the estimation of oral cancer specific weights based on the molecular targets. These weights were used to compute scores for screening the predicted anti-cancer compounds for their potential to treat oral cancer. The list of potential compounds was annotated with corresponding physicochemical properties, cancer specific bioactivity evidences, and literature evidences. In all, 288 compounds with the potential to treat oral cancer were identified in the current study. The majority of the compounds in this list are natural products, which are well-tolerated and have minimal side-effects compared to the synthetic counterparts. Some of the potential therapeutic compounds identified in the current study are resveratrol, nimbolide, lovastatin, bortezomib, vorinostat, berberine, pterostilbene, deguelin, andrographolide, and colchicine.     

New Coleoptera records from New Brunswick, Canada: Stenotrachelidae, Oedemeridae, Meloidae, Myceteridae, Boridae, Pythidae, Pyrochroidae, Anthicidae, and Aderidae

We report 19 new species records for the faunal list of Coleoptera in New Brunswick, Canada, six of which are new records for the Maritime provinces, and one of which is new Canadian record. We also provide the first recent records for five additional species in New Brunswick. One new species of Stenotrachelidae, Cephaloon ungulare LeConte, is added to the New Brunswick faunal list. Additional records are provided for Cephaloon lepturides Newman, as well the first recent record of Nematoplus collaris LeConte. Two species of Oedemeridae, Asclera puncticollis (Say) and Asclera ruficollis (Say), are newly reported for New Brunswick, and additional locality and bionomic data are provided for Calopus angustus LeConte and Ditylus caeruleus (Randall). The records of Ditylus caerulus are the first recent records for the province. Three species of Meloidae, Epicauta pestifera Werner, Lytta sayi LeConte, and Meloe augustcollis Say are reported the first time for New Brunswick; Epicauta pestifera is newly recorded in Canada. Lacconotus punctatus LeConte and the family Mycteridaeis newly recorded for New Brunswick. The first recent records of Borus unicolor Say (Boridae) are reported from the province. One new species of Pythidae, Pytho siedlitzi Blair, and the first recent records of Pytho niger Kirby are added to the faunal list of New Brunswick. Three species of Pyrochroidae are newly reported for the province, including Pedilus canaliculatus (LeConte) and Pedilus elegans (Hentz), which are new for the Maritime provinces. Five species of Anthicidae and the first recent record of Anthicus cervinus LaFerté-Sénectére are newly reported for New Brunswick. Anthicus melancholicus LaFerté-Sénectère, Sapintus pubescens (LaFerté-Sénectère), Notoxus bifasciatus (LeConte), and Stereopalpus rufipes Casey are new to the Maritime provinces faunal list. Ambyderus granularis (LeConte) is removed from the faunal list of the province. Three species of Aderidae, Vanonus huronicus Casey, Zonantes fasciatus (Melsheimer), and Zonantes pallidusWerner, are newly recorded for New Brunswick; Zonantes fasciatus and Vanonus huronicus are new for the Maritime provinces' faunal list. Collection data, bionomic data, and distribution maps are presented for all these species.