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1.
儿茶酚抑素(catestatin)是由21个氨基酸组成的内源性多肽,来源于肾上腺嗜铬细胞和肾上腺能神经元胞浆中的嗜铬颗粒蛋白A.儿茶酚抑素能够有效抑制交感肾上腺系统儿茶酚胺的释放,刺激肥大细胞释放组胺,趋化单核细胞,发挥扩张血管、降低血压、降低心肌收缩力的作用.人类儿茶酚抑素的三种变异体(Gly364Ser、Pro370Leu及Arg374Glu)具有不同的调节自主神经活性和心脏反应性的作用.越来越多的证据表明,儿茶酚抑素是调节血压及心脏功能的新的神经内分泌多肽.  相似文献   

2.
一氧化氮改变肾性高血压大鼠主动脉功能   总被引:18,自引:1,他引:18  
Guo YM  Zhu XN  Pan JY 《生理学报》2000,52(3):243-246
探讨一氧化氮(NO)对二肾一夹(2K1C)肾性高血压大鼠主动脉功能的影响。实验分为5组:假手术、2K1C、卡托普利(captopril)、NAME(Nω-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester)和精氨酸组。结果显示:在2K1C组,大鼠手术后4周的平均动脉压显著升高,主动脉对4Ch的舒张反应明显减弱,对苯肾上腺素收缩反应明显增强,主动脉壁环鸟苷酸(cGMP)含量显著减少。卡托谱利  相似文献   

3.
目的观察土茯苓对肾性高血压大鼠血压及血液内血管活性物质的调节作用。方法用两肾两夹法造大鼠高血压模型,将造模成功的大鼠按收缩压分层,分成模型对照组、高(土茯苓6g/ks)、中(土茯苓3g/kg)、低(土茯苓1.5g/kg)剂量组和阳性组(卡托普利5mg/kg);试验期间各组经口灌胃给予相应药物,每日1次,连续4周。每周测定血压1次,末次给药后,测定大鼠血液中ANP、NO、ET、CGRP和AnglI水平。结果土茯苓显著降低了肾性高血压大鼠SBP、DBP和MBP(P<0.05,P<0.01),同时显著降低了ANP、ET的水平(P<0.05,P<0.01),升高了NO的水平(P〈0.05)。结论土茯苓具有一定的降血压作用,其作用途径可能通过降低ANP、ET和升高NO的水平,而发挥血压调节的作用。  相似文献   

4.
本实验采用同位素[^3H]-肌醇参入与阴离子交换树脂层析分离的方法,比较了Wistar大鼠与两肾一环肾性高血压大鼠(2K-1CRHR)主动脉与尾动脉磷酸肌醇(包括-磷酸肌醇IP、二磷酸肌醇IP2和三磷酸肌醇IP3)的含量,以及α1-肾上腺素能受体激动剂苯肾上腺素(PE)对它们的影响。结果发现:(1)无论是在静息还是在PE激活的状态下,血管平滑肌中的磷酸肌醇均以IP为主,约占总磷酸肌醇的71-82%;  相似文献   

5.
长期药物滥用使吸毒者的中枢神经系统内出现一系列的神经生物化学的变化,包括脑内儿茶酚胺类的去甲肾上腺素(NE)和多巴胺(DA)的变化。在近几十年有关的研究中,脑内多巴胺的作用受到很大关注。相比之下,虽然已知去甲肾上腺素广泛参与阿片的戒断过程,但是在阿片引发的运动和奖赏效应中的作用所知甚少。  相似文献   

6.
Jia YX  Dong JW  Wu XX  Ma TM  Shi AY 《生理学报》1998,50(3):309-314
本工作利用两肾一夹肾性高血压大鼠模型,观察枸杞多糖对高血压大鼠血压的影响以及离体主动脉环丙皮细胞在调节血管张力中的功能改变,探讨LBP对高血压发生发展的影响及其机制。结果表明,LBP可防止2K1C大鼠高血压的形成。离体主动脉环灌流表明RH组对苯肾上腺素的收缩反应明显高于对照组,去除内皮后组间差异消失.  相似文献   

7.
于大鼠皮下埋入含醋酸去氧皮质酮(DOCA)的交管以形成DOCA-salt高血压,其中一组动物在埋管前切除(T9-L2)脊髓右侧背根神经,每周以尾套法测定大鼠收缩压,埋管后6周测定大鼠脑和血浆中儿茶酚胺(CA)和血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)的浓度,用电脑血管显微图像分析系统测量血管的结构变化。与对照鼠相比,DOCA-salt高血压大鼠下丘脑和延脑 肾上腺素含量和AngⅡ放免活性及血浆去甲肾上腺素(NE)  相似文献   

8.
肾性高血压大鼠肥大心肌的力速关系和收缩末...   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
丁小凌  李云霞 《生理学报》1991,43(5):457-463
Renovascular hypertension was induced in rats by left renal artery constriction. Force-velocity relation, end systolic tension-length relation (ESTLR) and responses to high extracellular calcium were investigated in hypertrophied myocardium with 4-week hypertension. The results showed that: (1) The myocardial hypertrophy was accompanied by increased peak active tension, decreased maximal velocity of shortening and prolonged contraction duration (P less than 0.01). (2) The ESTLR in hypertrophied myocardium was similar to that in the control, fitted well by an exponential curve and did not show significant alterations in all its regression parameters (P greater than 0.05). (3) No significant difference about the responses to high extracellular calcium (4 mmol/L) was observed between the control and the hypertrophied myocardium (P greater than 0.05). It is concluded that the mechanical properties of hypertrophied myocardium were characterized by a dissociation between force development and velocity of shortening and possibly these contractile abnormalities at the early stage of cardiac hypertrophy are not related to ability of calcium transport in cardiac plasma membrane. The indexes of myocardial mechanics are more sensitive to changes in contractility of hypertrophied myocardium as compared with the parameters of ESTLR.  相似文献   

9.
目的:探讨大鼠中脑导水管周围灰质(PAG)内NO在应激性高血压(SIH)发病中的作用。方法:采用电击足底结合噪声建立应激性高血压大鼠模型,NADPH-d组化方法显示PAG内一氧化氮合酶(NOS)阳性神经元的变化,核团微注法和放免法检测PAG内微量注射L-NNA对动物血压和延髓头端腹外侧区(RVLM)内Ach含量的影响。结果:(1)应激性高血压大鼠血压升高,PAG背外侧区NOS阳性神经元数量明显减少,平均灰度值增高,且RVLM内Ach含量也增多。(2)PAG内微量注射L-NNA 100mmol/L 0.1μl后,对照组大鼠的平均动脉压(MAP)升高,RVLM内Ach含量增多,而应激性高血压组大鼠MAP的变化显著小于对照组。结论:应激性高血压大鼠PAG内NOS阳性神经元发生的可塑性变化,可能经RVLM内Ach介导,参与了该病的形成。  相似文献   

10.
目的:观察肾综合征出血热(HFRS)患者血清胱抑素的动态变化,并探讨其临床意义。方法:选取2010年10月至2013年06月哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院感染科住院肾综合征出血热患者106例为研究对象,按病期(发热期、极期、多尿期、恢复期)采集血液标本,采用免疫比浊法检测血清胱抑素(CysC)水平,用全自动生化仪分析血尿素氮(BUN)、血肌酐(SCr)水平,比较不同分期及分型HFRS患者的CysC的水平,并分析CysC与BUN和SCr的相关性。结果:HFRS患者血清CysC各期均明显高于健康对照组(P0.05),病程极期时达高峰,多尿期时开始下降,恢复期时明显降低、但仍高于对照组;重症组患者在发病早期和极期时均显著高于轻症组(P0.05)。CysC与BUN和SCr的Pearson相关系数分别为r=0.7688和r=0.8071(P0.05),CysC与BUN和SCr之间有很好的正相关性。结论:血清CysC可较为敏感地反映HFRS患者肾脏损伤,其检测对于病情的发展和预后判断均有重要的临床意义。  相似文献   

11.
    
Acute effects of whole body exposure to static magnetic field (SMF) on pharmacologically induced hypertension in a conscious rabbit were evaluated. Hypertensive and vasoconstrictive actions were induced by norepinephrine (NE) or a nonselective nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, N(omega)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME). The hemodynamics in a central artery of the ear lobe was measured continuously and analyzed by penetrating microphotoelectric plethysmography (MPPG). Concurrently, blood pressure (BP) changes in a central artery, contralateral to that of the MPPG measured ear lobe, were monitored. Magnetic flux densities were 5.5 mT (Bmax), the magnetic gradient peaked in the throat at the level of approximately 0.09 mT/mm, and the duration of exposure was 30 min. The results demonstrated that under normal physiological conditions without treatment of pharmacological agents, there were no statistically significant differences in the hemodynamics and BP changes between the sham and the SMF exposure alone. Under pharmacologically induced hypertensive conditions, the whole body exposure to nonuniform SMF with peak magnetic gradient in the carotid sinus baroreceptor significantly attenuated the vasoconstriction and suppressed the elevation of BPs. These findings suggest that antipressor effects of the SMF on the hemodynamics under NE or l-NAME induced high vascular tone might be, in part, dependent on modulation of NE mediated response in conjunction with alteration in NOS activity, thereby modulating BPs.  相似文献   

12.
13.
To determine the role of nitric oxide (NO) in acute renal failure (ARF), we have studied the time course change activities to activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoform activities, both calcium dependent and independent NOS, in experimental ischemic ARF. We have also analyzed change activities to activity of the NOS activities in both renal cortex and medulla. Male SD rats (n = 5) were inducted to ARF by ischemia-reperfusion injury and divided into the following groups; Control group (sham operation), Day 0 group, (measurement performed on that day of operation), Day 1 group, (measurement performed one day after induction of ARF), Day 3 group and Day 7 group. Measurement of NOS activity was based on the following principles; NO is synthesized from arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and NO is converted to NO2 /NO3 (NOx) by oxidation. Detection of the final metabolite of NO, NOx was done using flow injection method (Griess reaction). The results were, (1) calcium dependent NOS activity in the cortex and medulla decreased, however it increased in the recovery period in the renal cortex (Cortex; Control, 0.941 ± 0.765, D0, 0.382 ± 0.271, D1, 0.118 ± 0.353, D3, 2.030 ± 0.235, D7, 3.588 ± 2.706, Medulla; Control, 1.469 ± 0.531, D0, 0.766 ± 0.156, D1, 0.828 ± 0.187, D3, 2.078 ± 0.094, D7, 1.289 ± 0.313 mol NOx produced/mg protein/30 min). (2) On the other hand, iNOS activity increased in the early phase of ARF, both in the cortex and medulla, but returned to control values during the recovery phase in cortex and was maintained at higher levels in the medulla (Cortex; Control, 0.333 ± 0.250, D0, 0.583 ± 0.428, D1, 1.167 ± 0.262, D3, 0.250 ± 0.077, D7, 0.452 ± 0.292, Medulla; Control, 0.139 ± 0.169, D0, 0.279 ± 0.070, D1, 1.140 ± 0.226, D3, 0.452 ± 0.048, D7, 0.625 ± 0.048 mol NOx produced/mg protein/30 min). These findings suggest that the role of NOS in ARF are different for the different NOS isoforms and have anatomic heterogeneity.  相似文献   

14.
目的和方法:采用HO活性抑制剂诱导大鼠高血压模型,观察血压变化、主动脉HO和NOS活性、CO和NO产生释放,并测定血浆和主动脉平滑肌组织中cGMP含量,以探讨内源性NO和CO在高血压发生机制中的作用及其相互关系。结果:大鼠应用HO抑制剂ZnDPBG腹腔注射2周后,继续饲养到第4周出现持续而稳定的高血压,同时总NOS(tNOS)和诱导型NOS(iNOS)的活性分别增加45.4%和73.3%(均为P〉  相似文献   

15.
左旋精氨酸对低氧性肺动脉高压治疗作用的实验研究   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
目的:探讨结构型一氧化氮合酶(cNOS),内皮素-1(ET-1)在低氧性肺动脉高压(HPH)发病中的机制及左旋精氢酸(L-Arg)对HPH的治疗作用。方法:30只健康雄性SD大鼠平均分为三组:正常对照组(NC组)、低氧组(HP组)、低氧左旋精氨酸治疗组(LT组)。后组每日低氧前给予200mg/kg L-Arg。于低氧21d检测运动血流动力学,肺组织NO、ET-1含量,肺动脉内皮cNOS含量的改变,  相似文献   

16.
肾上腺髓质素对大鼠肠系膜微血管和微淋巴管的作用   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
樊贵  魏英杰 《生理学报》1997,49(1):115-118
应用活体显微电视录象技术,观察上腺髓质素对大鼠肠系膜微血管微淋巴管的作用及其对去甲肾上腺素,内皮素作用的是结果表明,ADM直接扩张肠系膜各级微血管和向一淋巴管,拮抗NE和ET引起的微血效及微循环血流液态的异常改变。ADM的上述作用可被一氧化氮生成抑制剂N^9-nitro-L-arginine(L-NNA)显著抑制。  相似文献   

17.
    
Objective: Recent findings have shown that leptin, the product of the obesity gene, may actively participate in the regulation of blood pressure and other cardiovascular functions through the nitric oxide (NO)‐dependent mechanism. Research Methods and Procedures: In this study, to test the hypothesis that leptin regulation of NO metabolism is impaired in hypertension, we examined the possible relationship between circulating leptin and plasma NO metabolite level in normotensive (NT) and hypertensive (HT) men. Results: There were significant correlations between circulating leptin and BMI in both the NT and HT groups (NT: r = 0.64, n = 26, p < 0.01; HT: r = 0.59, n = 22, p < 0.01). The concentration of circulating leptin was similar between the NT and HT men, although the plasma NO metabolite level (nitrite and nitrate) was significantly reduced in the HT men compared with the NT men (NT: 51.0 ± 4.9 μM, n = 26; HT: 37.1 ± 2.5 μM, n = 22, p < 0.05). The circlating leptin was significantly correlated with the plasma NO metabolite level in the overall analysis of the NT and HT men (r = 0.35, n = 48, p < 0.05). When the analysis of the correlation for the NT and HT men was performed separately, there was a significant correlation between circulating leptin and plasma NO metabolites in the NT men (r = 0.45, n = 26, p < 0.05) but not in the HT men (r = 0.15, n = 22). The results of this study are consistent with the hypothesis that leptin‐related metabolism of NO might be altered in HT men.  相似文献   

18.
肾髓质诱导型一氧化氮合酶在动脉血压调控中的作用   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
Tan DY  Caramelo C 《生理学报》2000,52(2):103-108
本文通过慢性血液动力学实验,观察了肾髓质局部输入诱导型一氧化酶(iNOS)抑制剂AG(aminoguanidine)对Dahl盐敏感大鼠(DS)、Dahl盐抵抗大鼠(DR)及SD(Sprague Dawley)大鼠动脉血压的影响,并测定了一氧化氮(NO)代谢终产物NO2及NO3含量(UNOX)、iNOS活性、肾功能以及血浆肾素活性(PRA)。结果表明:AG能明显放大高盐(8%)引起的DS及SD大鼠  相似文献   

19.
内源性一氧化氮在高血压心肌肥厚中的作用   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
目的和方法:本实验用L精氨酸和一氧化氮合酶(NOS)抑制剂LNAME观察内源性一氧化氮(NO)在高血压性心肌肥厚中的作用。结果:腹主动脉缩窄引起大鼠动脉血压显著升高,左心室重量/体重比值显著增加,左心室NO含量显著下降;L精氨酸不影响主动脉缩窄大鼠动脉血压,但减轻左心室重量/体重比值,明显升高左心室NO含量,加入LNAME可消除L精氨酸的上述作用;主动脉缩窄大鼠给予LNAME,动脉血压和左心室/体重比值并没有进一步增加;假手术大鼠给予LNAME,血压明显升高,左心室重量/体重比值轻度增加;主动脉缩窄大鼠不论是服用L精氨酸还是LNAME,左心室cGMP含量都明显增加。结论:口服L精氨酸可减轻主动脉缩窄大鼠心肌肥厚但不影响动脉血压,此作用可能是通过L精氨酸NO途径实现的,与cGMP机制无关。  相似文献   

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