东北延胡索愈伤组织培养及延胡索乙素形成的适宜条件

比较了东北产两种延胡索各器官的愈伤组织发生情况,采用单因子和正交设计试验,对齿瓣延胡索(Corydalis remota)愈伤组织生长及延胡索乙素形成的适宜条件做了研究。结果表明,齿瓣延胡索各器官对培养基的响应性均显著高于东北延胡索(C. ambigua),其块茎愈伤诱导率高达93.3%;MS培养基对于愈伤组织诱导较White有利, 2 mg·L^-1 2, 4-D与1 mg·L^-1 KT的组合愈伤诱导率最高,并适于继代培养。正交试验结果表明,愈伤组织生长和延胡索乙素形成的适宜条件存在差异,在27组处理中, 1号培养基有利于培养物鲜重的提高, 9号有利于干物质的积累, 10号则有利于的延胡索乙素形成;培养基中几种无机离子和有机成分均显著影响愈伤组织生长和延胡索乙素形成,NH₄⁺/NO₃^-与Ca²⁺和K⁺之间的交互作用对于生物量积累和延胡索乙素含量均有显著影响。     

培养条件对齿瓣延胡索愈伤组织生长及延胡索乙素含量的影响

研究了不同培养条件对齿瓣延胡索(Corydalis remota)愈伤组织生长及延胡索乙素(THP)含量的影响。结果表明, 2, 4-D较NAA更有利于提高培养物鲜重,加速细胞增殖。培养基添加2.0 mg/L 2, 4-D和1.0 mg/L BA不仅有利于干物质积累,而且显著提高THP水平。蔗糖不仅可提高培养物鲜重,而且与半乳糖组合可显著促进干物质积累和THP水平的提高。水解酪蛋白和水解乳蛋白均有利于愈伤组织生长和THP含量的提高, 450mg/L的水解乳蛋白处理组THP含量最高。光照可提高培养物鲜重和THP含量。     

延胡索乙素与白芷总香豆素、总挥发油配伍药效学比较研究

目的：评价延胡索乙素、白芷总香豆素及总挥发油配伍的药效学比较研究。方法：小鼠醋酸扭体法、热板镇痛法、甩尾法三种模型比较元胡止痛片（A组）、延胡索乙素（B组）、白芷总香豆素（C组）、白芷总挥发油（D组）、延胡索乙素与白芷总香豆素配伍（E组）、延胡索乙素与白芷总挥发油配伍（F组）及延胡索乙素与白芷总香豆素、白芷总挥发油配伍（G组）后的镇痛作用。结果：A、G组镇痛效果最佳,B、E、F组具显著的镇痛作用,C、D组与模型组相比,有一定的镇痛作用,但较弱。结论：延胡索乙素与白芷总香豆素、总挥发油配伍使用,具有显著的镇痛作用,类似于元胡止痛片中元胡白芷的配伍作用,但成分更为明确,标准可控,使用量小,属于分子中药组方范畴。元胡的主要有效成分延胡索乙素与白芷的主要成分白芷总香豆素、总挥发油均具有镇痛作用,符合中药元胡及白芷的功效,本实验采用药物有效成分进行配伍,成分明确,结果可控。     

土壤有效元素含量与延胡索(Corydalis yanhusuo)品质的相关性研究

延胡索乙素是相关延胡索(Corydalis yanhusuo)品质的重要化学成分,在中国药典中作为延胡索质量控制指标,分析不同产地延胡索中延胡索乙素含量与根际土壤有效性元素含量的相关性,对指导延胡索合理化种植栽培有重要科学意义.采用土壤农化法对不同产地延胡索根际土壤中10种元素(大量元素N、P、K、Ca、Mg;微量元素...     

竹红菌乙素对菌紫质荧光的影响

用荧光光谱方法研究了竹红菌乙素与菌紫质的相互作用。通过竹红菌乙素对菌紫质吸收光谱,对菌紫质荧光猝死的浓度和温度的依赖性以及竹红菌乙素对明暗适应菌紫质的荧光猝灭等研究表明,竹红菌乙素是一种新型的荧光猝灭剂,它对菌紫质的荧光猝灭属于动态猝死过程。竹红菌乙素对明暗适应菌紫质荧光猝灭的差别,说明这种猝灭剂可用于生物膜体系的蛋白质构象变化的研究。     

五味子乙素对大鼠肝星状细胞增殖和胶原基因表达合成的影响

目的观察五味子乙素在大鼠肝星状细胞（HSCs）增殖,胶原表达合成方面的作用。方法经在体灌流消化大鼠肝脏分离HSCs,培养于DMEM培养基中,用^3H-TdR和^3H-pro掺入试验测定五味子乙素对HSCs的增殖和胶原合成影响,并用原位杂交方法探讨了其对HSCⅠ、Ⅲ型前胶原基因的表达作用。结果对于培养活化的HSCs,五味子乙素对HSCs摄取^3H-TdR没有明显影响,但在40μmol/L时,剂量依赖地抑制HSCs摄取^3H-proline,并在80μmol/L降低Ⅰ型前胶原基因表达（P〈0.05）。结论五味子乙素具有降低HSCs胶原基因表达合成作用。     

四味镇痛中药对内腓肽降解酶作用的实验研究

目的 :研究四味镇痛中药对内腓肽降解酶的作用。方法 :从大鼠的肾脏制备含有内腓肽降解酶的物质 ,建立内腓肽降解酶活性检测模型 ;并用此模型观察四味镇痛中药提取物对内腓肽降解酶特别是对中性内肽酶活性 (NEP2 4 .11)的抑制作用。结果 :(1)钩藤和羌活的水提物显示很强的NEP2 4 11酶抑制作用 ;(2 )无论是有机提取物还是水提物 ,延胡索和川芎对NEP2 4 11的抑制作用都弱于钩藤和羌活 ;(3)钩藤和羌活不仅是氨肽酶和中性内肽酶的双重抑制剂 ,而且是氨肽酶、中性内肽酶和血管紧张素转化酶的三重抑制剂。结论 :四味镇痛中药具有不同的镇痛机制 ,其中 ,钩藤和羌活通过抑制氨肽酶和中性内肽酶而发挥镇痛作用     

HDL/LDL 比值、LP（a）及s-CRP 与冠脉病变程度相关性分析

目的:研究高密度脂蛋白/低密度脂蛋白比值(HDL/LDL比值)、脂蛋白a(LP(a))及超敏C反应蛋白(s-CRP)与冠脉病变程度之间的关系。方法:对120名初发急性STEMI行急诊冠脉造影术并支架植入术患者(<12小时),并于次日晨检测空腹生化血脂分析,测得HDL/LDL比值、LP(a)及s-CRP等相关指标,冠脉造影结果根据Gensini积分系统分轻、中、重度三组,比较三组之间上述三项指标有无差异,并选取冠脉造影正常20例为对照组,比较各组间有无差异。结果:与正常组相比,心梗组HDL/LDL比值明显降低(P<0.05),各组间HDL/LDL比值亦存在差异(P<0.05),LP(a)及s-CRP在不同冠脉分级上亦存在着差异(P<0.05),以上差异均有统计学意义。结论:上述三项指标对冠脉病变严重程度有一定的预测价值。     

磁处理水对家兔血脂影响的实验研究

目的:探讨饮用磁处理水时间的长短与降低家兔血脂的关系。方法:72只家兔平均分四组A组基础饲料组,饮自来水;B、C、D高脂饲料组,B组对照组饮自来水;C组治疗1组,30天后饮磁处理水,治疗30天后采耳血,分别测血清TC、TG、HDL-c、LDL-c水平。D组治疗2组,30天后饮磁处理水,治疗100天后采耳血,分别测血清TC、TG、HDL-c、LDL-c水平。结果:B组家兔血清TC、TG、HDL-c、LDL-c水平显著高于A组,(P<0.01);C组家兔TC、LDL-c水平显著低与B组(P<0.01);,但也显著高于A组(P<0.01);TG、HDL-c水平与B组相比无显著差异(P>0.05)。D组家兔血清TC、TG、LDL-c水平与B组相比均有明显下降(P<0.01),与A组比较差异无显著性(P>0.05),而HDL-c水平与A组比较明显上升(P<0.01)。结论:长期饮用磁处理水可以显著降低家兔血清高胆固醇含量,并恢复到正常状态。     

幽门螺杆菌感染对冠心病患者冠状动脉病变程度与血清Ghrelin/obestatin比值的影响

目的探讨幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,H.pylori)感染与冠心病患者冠状动脉病变程度和血清Ghrelin/obestatin比值之间的关系。方法选取2013年1月至2014年10月行冠状动脉造影确诊冠心病患者116例作为冠心病组,选取同期健康体检人员80例作为对照组。对所有患者的冠状动脉病变程度进行Gensini评分,运用14 C尿素呼气试验方法测定H.pylori感染情况,测定血清Ghrelin和obestatin水平,分析H.pylori感染与冠状动脉病变程度、血清Ghrelin/obestatin比值之间的关系。结果冠心病组H.pylori感染阳性率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。H.pylori感染阳性组Gensini积分明显高于H.pylori感染阴性组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);H.pylori感染阳性组Ghrelin/obestatin比值明显低于H.pylori感染阴性组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 H.pylori感染能够加重冠心病患者冠状动脉病变程度,引起Ghrelin/obestatin比值异常升降低。H.pylori感染与冠心病发生发展密切相关。     

Myeloperoxidase,a possible biomarker for the early diagnosis of cardiac diastolic dysfunction with preserved ejection fraction

The current study was conducted on a sample of 91 patients diagnosed with diastolic dysfunction (DD) with preserved systolic function caused by a painful chronic ischaemic cardiopathy – angina pectoris stable at the effort. The diagnosis was established following anamnesis, electrocardiogram, and echocardiography. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) serum levels were assessed in all patients and then these values were correlated with some of the echocardiography parameters that proved the mentioned diagnosis.

In conclusion, the execution of this investigation triad (electrocardiogram, echocardiography, and MPO) allows:

• Stratifying the patients depending on the disease risk by early detecting of any possible DD with preserved systolic function.

• The use of the MPO increased circulating levels as a biomarker for diagnosis and risk due to the statistically significant correlation between those and the results of the other two aforementioned paraclinical investigation.

     

The effect of phosphatidylcholine to sphingomyelin mole ratio on the dynamic properties of sheep erythrocyte membrane

Sheep red blood cells are shown to incorporate phosphatidylcholine when incubated in human plasma in the presence of EGTA. This treatment results in up to a 5-fold increase in mol ratio of phosphatidylcholine to sphingomyelin. By replacing EGTA with Ca²⁺ the increase of phosphatidylcholine content is completely inhibited, due to the activation of the membrane bound lecithinase which rapidly degrades the incorporated phosphatidylcholine. Analogous treatments of the isolated erythrocyte membranes resulted in similar phosphatidylcholine incorporation but in the presence of Ca²⁺ a residual phosphatidylcholine uptake was still observed. These results suggest that in the isolated membranes small amounts of phosphatidylcholine can be incorporated into an additional region which is unavailable for the membrane lecithinase. The increase in the phosphatidylcholine to sphingomyelin mol ratio in sheep red blood cells is concomitant with an increase in lipid fluidity, as well as increase in osmotic fragility.     

Leptin to adiponectin ratio as a useful predictor for cardiac syndrome X

Objective: The role of adipokines in the development of cardiac syndrome X (CSX) remains unknown.

Methods: Fifty-nine CSX subjects were retrospectively enrolled from our catheterization databank. Another 54 subjects with valvular heart disease or arrhythmia served as controls. Adipokines were measured by ELISA tests.

Results: The CSX had lower circulating adiponectin but higher leptin and higher leptin/adiponectin ratio (×1000) (3.78?±?4.96 vs. 2.14?±?5.67, p < 0.001) than those of the controls. In a multivariate analysis, a higher leptin/adiponectin ratio was a predictor of CSX, while insulin-resistance index was not.

Conclusions: Adipokines may be implicated in the pathogenesis of CSX.     

运动员心功能评估新方法和新指标的研究

目的：探讨无创检测和评估心功能的新指标和新方法。方法：随机抽取81名体育系学生（买验组,n=81）和41名普通系学生（对照组,n=41）,完成规定运动量的台阶运动后,通过采集心音信号,进行了心率,D／S比值以及S1／S2比值的对照研究。结果：在静息状态下,体育系学生的心率为66．2±8．7,D／S比值为2．04±0．33;晋通系学生的心率为70．8±8．0,D／S比值为1．82±0．27;在全运动量下,体育系学生的S1／S2比值为7．34±4．04;普通系学生的S1／S2比值为5．22±2．38。,结论：体育系学生比普通系学生具有较高水平的心脏储备：该方法可用来评估运动员与一般人的心脏储备,为运动员选拔以及一般人体质评估提供一种客观量化的新指标。     

A general introduction of HIV/AIDS treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine in China

This paper gives a general introduction of HIV/AIDS treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in China during the past 20 years. Although the role of TCM in treatment of HIV/AIDS is promising, there is still a long way to go.      

A General Introduction of HIV/AIDS Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine in China

This paper gives a general introduction of HIV/AIDS treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in China during the past 20 years. Although the role of TCM in treatment of HIV/AIDS is promising,there is still a long way to go.     

苦杏仁苷抗肿瘤机制的研究进展

近年来肿瘤的发病率越来越高,虽然采取了综合疗法,但晚期恶性肿瘤死亡率仍处于较高水平。随着中草药研究的深入,研究人员发现多种中草药具有良好的抗肿瘤作用。苦杏仁苷主要存在于苦杏仁中,除了具有抗氧化、抗菌、抗炎、免疫调节等作用外,还具有抗肿瘤的特性。本文总结了苦杏仁苷的结构特征、抗肿瘤机制及研究进展,为探索其抗肿瘤的临床应用奠定了理论基础。苦杏仁苷可通过影响细胞周期、诱导细胞凋亡、细胞毒作用、调节机体免疫功能等在肺癌、膀胱癌、肾细胞癌等实体肿瘤中发挥抗肿瘤作用。进一步深入研究苦杏仁苷的药理机制,在发挥其抗肿瘤作用的同时减少毒副作用,尽快实现苦杏仁苷的临床应用。     

The thin limbs of Henle's loop in the rabbit

Summary The thin limbs of short and long loops of Henle of the rabbit kidney were studied by freeze fracture techniques. According to TEM studies of thin sections four segments are discernible: descending thin limbs of short loops, descending thin limbs of long loops, subdivided into an upper and a lower part, and ascending thin limbs (Kaissling and Kriz 1979). This division is supported by findings obtained with the freeze fracture technique and based on differences in the organization of the junctional complexes as well as on differences in the internal morphology of the cell membranes. The descending thin limbs of short loops have junctional complexes established by several closely arranged junctional strands and numerous desmosomes. The upper parts of the long descending thin limbs have tight junctions consisting of a variable number of strands; their outstanding characteristic after freeze fracture is a high density of intramembrane particles in both luminal and baso-lateral membranes. The tight junctions of the lower part of the long descending thin limbs consist of several anastomosing junctional strands, which are, in contrast, loosely arranged; the cell membranes contain only a sparse population of intramembrane particles. The ascending thin limbs are characterized by shallow tight junctions (frequently consisting of only one single junctional strand). Moreover, the epithelial cells of this segment are heavily interdigitated; thereby the tight junctions are correspondingly lengthened.In addition, this study presents further evidence that remarkable species differences occur among thin limb epithelia. The junctional complexes of the long descending thin limbs of the rabbit are organized quite differently from those of small rodents (e.g., rat, Psammomys).The data of this study support the concept that the tight junctions are the main determinant of ionic conductances of the paracellular pathway. However, with reference to recent findings from microperfusion studies, it becomes obvious that a correlation of the junctional morphology with the transepithelial water permeability is lacking, at least for the thin limbs.This investigation was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; project Kr 546 Henlesche Schleife     

Experimental DNA-Binding and Computer Modelling Studies on an Analogue of the Anti-Tumour Drug Amsacrine

Abstract

The DNA-binding properties of the anti-cancer drug amsacrine and a 9-aminoacridine analogue substituted at the 4 position with a 4-methanesulphonanilido-group, have been examined by means of unwinding, melting and equilibrium binding experiments. These find that the latter compound is at least as effective as a DNA-binder and intercalator as amsacrine itself. Molecular modelling and energetic calculations have confirmed this, and have produced plausible intercalation geometries. These show that there are subtle differences in the low-energy minor groove arrangements adopted by the substituents of the two drugs. Speculation is advanced that these differences may be relevant to the marked differences in cytotoxicity shown by the two compounds.