中国姜黄属植物的订正

将白顶姜黄（CurcumaalbicomaS．Q．Tong）归入川郁金（C．sichuanenslsX．X．Chen),将另一种“川郁金”（C．chuanyujinC．K．HsiehetH．Zhang）归入广西莪术（C．kwangsiensisS．G．LeeetC．F．Liang）。认为过去把莪术鉴定为C．zedoaria（Christ．）Rose．C．caesiaRoxb．或C．aeruginosaRoxb,其实都是C．phaeocaulisVal．的误定;C．elataRoxb．是C．wenyujinY．H．ChenetC．Ling的误定;认为广西莪术的两个变种,即紫脉莪术（C．kwangsiensisvar．affinisY．H．Chen）和毛莪术（C．kwangsiensisvar．puberulaY．H．Chen）不能成立．对台湾是否产C．viridifloraRoxb．表示怀疑。附有中国产姜黄属植物12种的检索表及其分布．     

国产赖草属(禾本科)两个类群的修订

根据标本研究、野外考察和实验观察,对国产赖草属Leymus两个类群进行了分类修订,将阿尔金山赖草Leymus arjinshanicus D．F．Cui和L．aerginshanicus D．F．Cui ssp．ruoqiangensis（S．L．Lu＆Y.H．Wu）D．F.Cui处理为若羌赖草L．ruoqiangensis S．L．Lu＆YH．Wu的新异名,将纤细赖草L．secalinus（Georgi）Tzvel．var．tenuis L．B．Cai提升为一个独立的种L．tenuis（L．B．Cai）L．B．Cai．     

中国樟科木姜子属植物纪要

描述一新种即沧源木姜子Litsea cangyuanensis J．Li et H．W．Li;一中国新纪录种白叶木姜子L．albescens（Hook．f．）D．G．Long;3个新异名：大叶木姜子L．chunii Cheng var．longipedicellata Yang f．latifolia Yang归并到高山木姜子L．chunii Cheng,狭叶桂北木姜子M．subcoriacea Yang et P．H．Huang val．stenophylla Yang et P．H．Huang归并入桂北木姜子L．subcoriacea Yang et P．H．Huang,狭叶华南木姜子L．greenmaniana Allen val．angustifolia Yang et P．H．Huang归入华南木姜子L．greenmaniana Allen;思茅木姜子L．szemaois（H．Liou）J．Li et H．W．Li作为新等级提升为种;并对秃净木姜子L．kingii Hook．f．与山鸡椒L．cubeba（Lour．）Pers．两者间的差异进行澄清,对台湾产的黄肉树应采用L．hypophaea Hayata和广西产的蜂窝木姜子应采用L．foveola Kosterm．进行了讨论。一个新名称：L．sinoglobosa J．Li et H．W．Li替代同名的L．globosa Yang et P．H．Huang。     

南亚和东南亚龙胆属(龙胆科)的新名称、新组合及分类注释

本文提出了龙胆属两个种的新名称(Gentiana membranulifera T．N．Ho,G．nudicaulisKurz var. assa- mensis T．N．Ho)和5个变种的新组合[(Gentiana lateriflora Hemsl．var. uncifolia(H．J．Lam)T．N．Ho, G．sumatrana Ridl．var．humifusa(S．Moore)T．N．Ho,G. quadrifaria Bl．var．wightii(Kusnez．)T．N．Ho, G．loerzingii Ridl. var．timida(Kerr)T．N．Ho,G．membranulifera T．N．Ho var．recurvata (Kusnez．)T．N．Ho)〕。     

国产樟科-新名称

PhoebereticulataY．K．Liet X．M．Wang是P．reticulata Mez的晚出同名,建议用一个新名称P．liana Y．Yang替代P．reticulataY．K．LietX．M.Wang。     

新疆北部小孢发属地衣初步研究

新疆北部山脉生态环境多样,是地衣生长分布的理想区域。作者根据多年的实地调查和前人研究资料,对新疆北部小孢发属（Bryoria Brodo＆D．Hawksw．）地衣的种类及其分布、地理成分和垂直分布进行了初步研究。结果表明,分布在新疆北部的小孢发属地衣共有10种,它们分别是钢灰小孢发B．chalybeiformis（L．）Brodo＆D．Hawksw．、刺小孢发B．cortfusa（D．D．Awasthi）Brodo＆D．Hawksw．、叉小孢发B．furcellata（Fr．）Brodo＆D．Hawksw．、暗褐小孢发B．知伽cem（Gyeln．）Brodo＆D．Hawksw．、绵毛小孢发B．1anestris（Ach．）Brodo＆D．Hawksw．、B．nadvornikiana（Gyeln．）Brodo＆D．Hawksw．、光亮小孢发B．nhidula（1’h．Fr．）Brodo＆D．Hawksw．、假暗褐小孢发B．pseudofuscescens（Gyeln．）Brodo＆D．Hawksw．、单一小孢发B．simplicior（Vain．）Brodo＆D．Hawksw．及毛状小孢发原亚种B．trichodesssp．trichodes（Michx．）Brodo＆D．Hawksw．等,主要分布在天山和阿勒泰山。新疆北部小孢发属地衣可划分为3种地理成分：（1）环北极-高山种Bryonachalybeiformis、鼠nhidula、且furcellata;（2）环低北极及北方种B．simplicior;（3）环北方种B．加唧cew、B．1anestris、B．nadvornikiana、B．pseudofuscescens。阿勒泰山和天山的小孢发属地衣具明显的垂直分布差异。     

中国的石松科植物

本文对国产石松科(狭义)进行了分类学研究,共记载本科植物6属15种3变型。文中引用新建 立的1属,即拟小石松属Pseudolycopodiella Holub,并包含1个新命名：Lycopodium neopungens H．S．Kung et L．B．Zhang,1个新变型：Palhinhaea hainanensis C．Y. Yang f．glabra H．S．Kung et L．B．Zhang和9个新 异名：Lycopodium annotinum L．var．brevifolium Christ(=L ．zonatum),L．annotinum L．var．aciculare Christ (=L．zonatum),L.alticola Ching(=L．zonatum),L．simulans Ching et H．S．Kung ex Ching(=L．japoni- cum),L．interjectum Ching et H．S．Kung ex Ching(=L．japonicum),L. taliense Ching(=L．japonicum),L．pseudoclavatum Ching(：=L．japonicm．),L． pseudoclavatum Ching var．yunnanense Ching(=L．japonicum),及L. centro-chinense Ching(=L. japonicum)．本文还记述了有关分类群的地理分布,并认为中国没有Dipha- siastrum wightianum(Wall．ex Grev．et Hook．)Holub的分布。     

国产樟科楠属五种植物之分类修订

根据分子系统学研究结果,楠属（Phoebe）中以其宿存的花被片在果时松散、先端外倾,果实球形为特征的物种,即山楠Phoebe chinensis Chun,小花楠P．minutiflora H．W．Li,竹叶楠P．faberi（Hemsl．）Chun,小叶楠Pmicrophylla H．W．Li以及长毛楠P．forrestiiW．W．Smith均应归入润楠属（Machilus）,其中原先作为润楠属物种发表的竹叶润楠Machilus faberi Hemsl．应予采用,但山楠一种其种加词发表时已是晚出同名,另起新名为Machilus montana L．Li,J．Li＆H．W．Li,nom．nov,而余下三种作为新组合在此发表,即：M.minutiflora（H．W．Li）L．Li,J．Li＆H．W．Li,comb．nov．;M．microphylla（H．W．Li）L．Li．J．Li＆H.W．Li,comb．nov．及Mforrestii（W．W．Smith）L．Li,J．Li＆H_W．Li,comb．nov．。     

《现代生物医学进展》编辑部及各通联部联系方式

本刊网址：www．biomed．net．cn，www．shengwuyixuc．com．www．SWCX．periodicals．net．cn E-mail：biomcd_54@126．com，liudhui_21@126．com，biomagnetism@163．com，liudhui21@gmail．com 编辑部地址：哈尔滨市54号信箱（150001）哈尔滨市花园街184号     

从世界栗属植物研究的现状看中国栗属资源保护的重要性

栗属（Castanea）植物世界上有7个种,广泛分布于北半球温带的广阔地域[1]。分布在亚洲的4个种：中国板栗（C．mollissimaBI．）、茅栗（C．SequiniiDode）和锥栗（C．henryiRehd．＆Wils．）分布在中国大陆;日本栗（C．crenataSieb．＆Zucc．）分布在日本及朝鲜半岛。分布在北美洲的有2个种：美洲栗〔C．den－tata（Marsh．）Brokh．）和美洲榛果栗（C．PumilaMill．）。美洲榛果栗曾划分为6个种：C．Pumila、C.Ozarkensis（Ashe）、C．ashei（Sidw．）、C．alnifolia（Nutt．）、C．floridena（Ahe）,和C．paucispina（Ash…     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.