喷射自吸管式生化反应器研究

本文研究了喷射自吸管式生化反应器的吸气及所液传质特性,提出了吸气量(Qs)和容积氧传递系数(kLa)的数学表达式：Qg=5.2×10^-2W^0.144_cLR^0.079_cD(L-D)^0.328D²_nPoπ——P^o_gTo[(D-Dn)²-1](Pn-Pl)-1)(Kla)₁=0.999(W-V)^0.38V^0.90_sg(L-D)^-0.16(Kla)2=1.003(W-V)^0.71V^0.28_sg(L-D)^-0.32(加C圈)反应器的具优工况为：L/D=320-400,D/D=2.7—3。8,Pn=5—13×10⁴N/m²。Kla最高达4280h^-1,比能耗为0.72—2.16×10³kJ/kgO₂用于培养饲料酵母,酵母浓度达40.04kg/m³.最大生长速率为6.24kg/m³·h,比能耗为1.66—2.52×10³KJ/kg DBM.空气利用率为10—20%.是一般生化反应器的2—4倍。     

用荧光分光光度法测定组织和血液中一氧化氮

利用NO^－₂对4-羟基香豆素的荧光增强效应,建立了生物样本中NO荧光分光度测定法,其检测浓度范围为2×10^-5～2×10^-8 mol/L,采用该方法检测了大鼠大脑皮层和海马组织、细菌脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)诱导的巨噬细胞培养上清和血清中NO含量.     

紫罗酮和麦角固醇对酵母生长及产辅酶Q10的影响

研究了β-紫罗酮和麦角固醇对酵母生长及产辅酶Q₁₀的影响。研究发现,β-紫罗酮能促进菌体积累辅酶Q₁₀,当培养基中β-紫罗酮的添加量为0.208×10^-3mol/L时,菌体中CoQ₁₀的含量提高了28.3%;少量麦角固醇能促进菌体产辅酶Q₁₀,当麦角固醇的添加量为0.15×10^-4mol/L时,菌体中CoQ₁₀的含量提高了31.8%,而增加麦角固醇的添加     

超氧化物歧化酶模拟化合物的生物活性研究

根据天然超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性部位结构合成了含苯并咪唑的5种配体及其32种分别含Cu（Ⅱ）、Fe（Ⅲ）、Mn（Ⅱ）、Co（Ⅱ）的模拟化合物.经光谱、电化学测试证明这些化合物具有拟S3D活性,其50％抑制率浓度（IC50）为10-6～10-8mol·L-1,催化超氧离子自由基（O-·2）歧化的反应速率常数kq为106～108mol-1·L·s-1.同时观察到几种模拟化合物有抗肿瘤活性或增强水稻抗寒性.     

铕标记抗癌胚抗原单克隆抗体C17的研究和应用

用合成的N′-(对-异硫氰基苄基)-二乙三胺-N¹,N²,N³,N³-四乙酸铕钠为螫合剂.用Sephadex G-50凝胶柱层析分离标记C₁₇和过量试剂.分部收集的层析物的光密度图和荧光强度图完全一致.蛋白峰处两管标记C₁₇的比活性分别为5.2和8.9Eu³⁺离子每C₁₇分子,而且C₁₇的标记回收率为64%.标记C₁₇至少在6个月内是稳定的.用铕标记物得到的时间分辨免疫荧光分析的标准曲线具有良好线性和斜率,表明标记物免疫活性良好,而且已用于血清CEA分析.     

鄱阳湖沉水植物区不同深度土壤甲烷排放对温度水分变化的响应

采集鄱阳湖沉水植物区0-10 cm和10-30 cm土壤样品,通过设置2个温度（18℃和28℃）和2个水分（淹水2 cm和土柱取出水面后的实际土壤水分含量）处理组合,进行持续2年的甲烷（CH₄）排放室内培养实验,以探讨不同深度土壤CH₄排放对温度、水分变化的响应差异,以及温度、水分和土层对湿地土壤CH₄排放的交互影响。结果表明：0-10 cm和10-30 cm土壤CH₄排放速率变化范围分别为0.01-3.63 μgCH₄-C kg^-1d^-1、0.02-1.99 μgCH₄-C kg^-1d^-1;均值分别为0.72和0.15 μgCH₄-C kg^-1d^-1。温度、水分和土层3因素及其交互作用均对土壤CH₄排放有显著影响（P<0.01）,且土层的影响最大。两水分处理下的CH₄排放对温度变化的敏感性均表现为0-10 cm（Q₁₀为1.78、3.26）高于10-30 cm土层（Q₁₀为1.04、1.08）。CH₄平均排放速率及累计排放量均表现为0-10 cm显著高于10-30 cm土层,且培养前期高于培养后期,显示基质有效性对土壤CH₄排放的重要影响。     

促甲状腺激素单克隆抗体的制备

获得了抗促甲状腺激素(TSH)单克隆抗体杂交瘤细胞20株,其中T₇₄A₁₀小鼠腹水滴度为1:50 000,亲和常数为7.15×10⁹L/mol,T₇₁B₁₁小鼠腹水滴度为1:150000,亲和常数为8.75×10⁹L/mol.两个抗体与人绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)、促卵泡激素(FSH)和促黄体生成激素(LH)的交叉反应分别小于1.1×10^-6%、0.01%和0.016%.将T₇₄A₁₀和T₇₁B₁₁应用于TSH免疫放射分析中,得到了满意的结果.     

人酪酪肽及其衍生物的克隆、表达及活性测定

酪酪肽(peptide tyrosine tyrosine, PYY)是存在于机体肠道的肽类激素,有 PYY_1-36和PYY_3-36两种形式,后者可以降低个体食欲并减少食物摄入。分别通过人工合成基因和PCR定点突变的方法,得到PYY_3-36衍生物PYY_3-36-Gly³⁷及PYY_3-36的基因,然后克隆到pET32a(+)表达载体中,转化大肠杆菌并进行诱导表达。通过亲和层析得到融合蛋白,经肠激酶酶切和二次亲和层析得到目的多肽。在昆明鼠体内检测二者生物活性,结果显示剂量为800μg/kg时PYY_3-36及PYY_3-36-Gly³⁷均可抑制昆明鼠的摄食,且抑制作用可达9h,而PYY_3-36-Gly³⁷组的平均抑制率可达50%,明显高于PYY_3-36。     

亚硒酸钠对巨噬细胞内游离Ca2+和Mg2+的影响

用单细胞阳离子测定系统研究了SeO^2-₃对巨噬细胞内游离Ca²⁺和Mg²⁺的影响.实验结果表明:SeO^2-₃高于10^-4mol/L时,有显著的细胞毒性.SeO^2-₃对细胞的毒性作用使细胞内游离Ca²⁺和Mg²⁺的浓度升高但Ca²⁺浓度的升高速率比Mg²⁺快.还有,高于10^-4mol/L的SeO^2-₃对红细胞膜上的Ca²⁺-ATP酶活性有明显抑制作用.     

Mg2＋对阿霉素引起心肌线粒体F1F0变化的保护

抗肿瘤药物阿霉素(ADM)对心肌线粒体F₁F₀-复合体呈现抑制而对F₁-ATPase无抑制,这表明ADM可能是通过膜脂起作用的,适当浓度Mg²⁺能降低ADM对复合体的抑制.经 ³¹P-NMR和标记荧光探针NBD-PE,DPH,MC-540以及内源荧光等的测定,结果表明ADM可能首先通过诱导F₁F₀膜脂形成非双层脂结构,继而影响了膜脂的堆积程度和流动性,进而引起F₁F₀-复合体酶蛋白构象的改变,最终导致酶活力的降低.Mg^2＋则可能由于与ADM竞争与心磷脂的结合,而对ADM引起F₁F₀的变化产生保护作用.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.