Revision of the genus Thambemyia Oldroyd (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) with description of a new subgenus

The genus Thambemyia Oldroyd is revised. Five species are recognized. Three new species –T. bisetosa, T. bruneiensis and T. hui– are described, and T. pagdeni Oldroyd, 1956 is redescribed. A new subgenus is founded for one new Japanese species, T. (Prothambemyia) japonica. A key to all known species of the genus is provided. Their distributions are also discussed.     

Asterotremella meifongana sp. nov. and Asterotremella nantouana sp. nov., two anamorphic basidiomycetous yeasts isolated from soil and mushrooms

Two novel yeast species, Asterotremella meifongana sp. nov. and Asterotremella nantouana sp. nov., belonging to Asterotremellaceae within the Trichosporonales, are proposed to accommodate five strains isolated from Taiwanese samples of soil and basidiocarps during 2006-2007. Sequence analysis of the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit rRNA gene revealed that the two species are phylogenetically closely related to species of the genus Asterotremella, which indicates that they are members of the genus. The two species can be further differentiated from other Asterotremella species based on their internal transcribed spacer sequences, as well as on a few physiological test responses. The type strains are A. meifongana SN4S04(T) (=CBS 11424(T) = BCRC 23196(T)) and A. nantouana SN5S06(T) (=CBS 10890(T) = BCRC 23135(T)).     

新疆蒲公英属一新种

本文报道了新疆产蒲公英属植物一新种——新源蒲公英Taraxacum xinyuanicum D．T．Zhai et Z. X．An,并对其模式产地种群中其它个体的形态变异做了进一步的说明,同时还指出它与药用蒲公英 T.officinale Wigg．和堆叶蒲公英T．compactum Schischk 的异同;花粉体积变异、败育率和染色体数目的统计表明它是一个二倍体,与后面的两个多倍体种有明显的差别。     

Taxonomic review of the genus Trisopterus(Teleostei: Gadidae) with recognition of the capelan Trisopterus capelanus as a valid species

Trisopterus is demonstrated to be monophyletic, including four distinct species: T. capelanus, T. esmarkii, T. luscus and T. minutus. The capelan T. capelanus is resurrected from the synonymy of poor cod T. minutus, and is shown to be morphologically more similar to T. luscus, to which species it is also more closely related, indicated by a phylogenetic analysis presented here. A lectotype is designated for T. luscus. Trisopterus fasciatus, the type species of Trisopterus, is a junior synonym of T. luscus, and the lectotype of T. luscus is designated as the neotype of T. fasciatus. The lectotype of T. luscus is also designated as the neotype of Gadus barbatus. Gadus barbatus has priority over T. luscus but the name is suppressed by prevailing usage of T. luscus. A neotype is designated also for T. minutus. A phylogenetic analysis using mitochondrial cytochrome b, and a fragment of the nuclear rhodopsin gene, shows that T. capelanus and T. luscus are sister species, and in turn sister to a clade formed by T. minutus and T. esmarkii.     

Revision of Trigonostomum Schmidt, 1852 (Platyhelminthes, Typhloplanoida, Trigonostomidae) with the description of seven new species

A morphological and taxonomic account of the genus Trigonostomum is provided. All known species are discussed and briefly re-described where necessary. Seven new species are described: T. franki from Curaçao, Florida (USA), the East African Coast and New Caledonia, T. nataschae from the French sub-Antarctic island Kerguelen, T. spinigerum from New Caledonia and T. watsoni from the Australian East Coast and New Caledonia. T. tori and T. galapagoensis , both formerly enclosed in T. setigerum , are considered new species, while T. australis also belongs to the same species group. Proxenetes denhartogi is transferred to Trigonostomum . Based on a comparison of old and new material, T. marki is synonymized with T. penicillatum , while T. prytherchi and T. divae are regarded as junior synonyms of T. lilliei ; T. intermedium and T. quadrifolium are considered synonyms of T. coronatum . Three species are considered species inquirendae : T. brunchorsti , T. piriforme and Marinellia lingulifera . Similarities and differences of the 17 valid species are discussed and summarized in an identification key.  © 2004 The Linnean Society of London, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society , 2004, 141 , 271–296.     

The genus Thermocyclops (Crustacea: Copepoda) in Uzbekistan (Central Asia)

Five Thermocyclops species were found in Uzbekistan: T. crassus, T. dybowskii, T. rylovi, T. taihokuensis, and T. vermifer. The last species has been for the first time recorded in the region. The data on morphology, variability and distribution of these species in Uzbekistan are given. A key to determine to the five species is proposed.     

Revision of the neotropical species of Triplophyllum (Tectariaceae)

This paper re-examines the species of Triplophyllum in the neotropics. The indument of the laminae (hairs and glands) provides many characteristics for distinguishing the species. Nine species are recognized, including three new ones: T. boliviense, T. chocoense, and T. glabrum. New combinations are made for T. hirsutum and T. perpilosum . A key is provided to distinguish the species, and all species are described and illustrated. The spores of the neotropical species are like those from African and Madagascan species. As such, they offer no evidence to determine whether the neotropical species form a monophyletic clade within the genus.     

Tuber latisporum sp. nov. and related taxa, based on morphology and DNA sequence data

A new species of white truffles, Tuber latisporum, is described from southwestern China. This species can be distinguished from other species in the genus by its white and pubescent ascomata, pseudoparenchymatous peridium and broadly ellipsoid ascospores with alveolate reticulum. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of this and morphologically similar species using ITS sequences demonstrated that it is significantly different from other white truffles such as T. borchii, T. puberulum, T. zhongdianense, T. liui, T. dryophilum, T. magnatum, T. rapaeodorum, T. foetidum and T. maculatum. Data from ITS sequences indicate that white and black truffles are not monophyletic lineages.     

Revision of the dolichoderine ant genus Turneria (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Abstract. The Australasian ant genus Turneria is revised. T.bidentata Forel, T.dahlii Forel and T.pacifica Mann are redescribed and a lectotype designated for T.bidentata. T.frenchi Forel is transferred to Stigmacros (comb.n.), and T.butteli Forel is transferred to Iridomyrmex (comb.n.). Three new species, T.arbusta, T.collina and T.postomma, are described from Papua New Guinea. Males of the genus are described for the first time. A key to the workers of recognized species and a distribution map are provided. The group is analysed cladistically and the resulting species relationships are discussed, along with a comment on the use of polymorphic characters.     

中国链格孢属分类研究Ⅴ. 生于锦葵科、睡莲科和蔷薇科植物上的新种、新名称和中国新记录种

含链格孢2个新种、1个新名称和4个新记录:朱槿链格孢Alternaria rosa-sinensis M.X.Gaoet T.Y.Zhang,sp.nov.、地榆链格孢A.sanguisorbae M.X.Gaoet T.Y.Zhang,sp.nov.、莲生链格孢A.nelumbicola T.Y.Zhang,nom.nov.、锦葵链格孢A.malvae Roum.et Letendre.、苹果生链格孢A.pomicola A.S.Horne、杏链格孢A.pruni和塔米链格孢A.tamijiana.新种有拉丁文特征描述和绘图.新种的模式标本分别保藏在山东农业大学植物病理学标本室(HSAUP)和西北农业大学真菌标本室(HMUABO).     

中国链格孢属分类研究 V.生于锦葵科、睡莲科和蔷薇科植物上的新种、新名称和中国新记录种(英文)

含链格孢2个新种、1个新名称和4个新记录：朱槿链格孢Alternaria rosa-sinensisM. X. Gao et T. Y. Zhang, sp. nov.、地榆链格孢A. sanguisorbae M. X. Gao et T. Y.Zhang, sp. nov.、莲生链格孢A. nelumbicola T. Y. Zhang, nom. nov.、锦葵链格孢A. malvae Roum. et Letendre.、苹果生链格孢A. pomicola A. S. Horne、杏链格孢A. pruni和塔米链格孢A. tamijiana。新种有拉丁文特征描述和绘图。新种的模式标本分别保藏在山东农业大学植物病理学标本室（HSAUP）和西北农业大学真菌标本室（HMUABO）。     

中国链格孢属的分类研究Ⅲ.生于漆树科、天南星科和五加科植物上的新种与新记录种(英文)

本文报道生于漆树科（Anacardiaceae）植物上的两个链格孢新种,即盐肤木生链格孢（Alternar。rholcolaT．Y．ZhangetJ．Z．Zhang）和陕西链格孢（A．shaanxiensisT．Y．ZhangetJ．Z．Zhang）;生于天南星科（Aiaceae）植物上的两个新种,即海芋链格孢（A．alocasiaeTYZhapetM．X．Gao）和独角莲链格孢（A．typhoniiT．Y．ZhangetJ．Z．Zhang）,及生于五加科（Aialiaceas）植物上的一个中国新记录种,常春藤链格孢［A．hederae（Aim．＆Cam．）P．Joly］。新种模式标本保藏在山东农业大学植物病理学标本室（HSAUP）。     

Reproductive Ecology and Host Utilization of Four Sympatric Bitterling (Acheilognathinae,Cyprinidae) in a Lowland Reach of the Harai River in Mie,Japan

Bitterling are fishes that use freshwater mussels for oviposition. The reproductive ecology and pattern of mussel utilization of four sympatric species of bitterling, Acheilognathus rhombeus, A. tabira tabira, Tanakia lanceolata, and T. limbata, were investigated in a lowland river with seven sympatric mussel species. Three bitterling species are spring spawners with overlapping spawning seasons. A. rhombeus is an autumn-spawning species and is temporally isolated in its reproduction from the other species. Ovipositor length during oviposition of T. limbata and T. lanceolata was short, while those of A. tabira tabira and A. rhombeus were long. Most T. limbata inhabited near-shore areas, whereas the two other spring-spawning species were distributed across the entire river. All bitterling species used Inversidens brandti, Obovalis omiensis and Inversiunio jokohamensis as spawning hosts, but not the other mussel species available. T. lanceolata, A. tabira tabira and A. rhombeus showed spawning preferences for O. omiensis and I. brandti. However, T. limbata did not show clear preferences for any of the mussel species they used. A. t. tabira showed a significant preference for large I. brandti in offshore areas, while the other spring-spawning bitterling showed a preference for mussels inshore. These results are discussed in the context of reproductive resource partitioning.     

Trichoderma amazonicum, a new endophytic species on Hevea brasiliensis and H. guianensis from the Amazon basin

A new species of Trichoderma (teleomorph Hypocrea, Ascomycota, Sordariomycetes, Hypocreales, Hypocreaceae), T. amazonicum, endophytic on the living sapwood and leaves of Hevea spp. trees is described. Trichoderma amazonicum is distinguished from closely related species in the Harzianum clade (e.g. Hypocrea alni, H. brunneoviridis, H. epimyces, H. parepimyces, T. aggressivum, T. harzianum, T. pleuroticola and T. pleuroti) by morphological and ecological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of three loci (ITS nrDNA, tef1 and rpb2). The closest relatives of this species are the facultatively fungicolous species T. pleuroticola and T. pleuroti.     

Thamnosma (Rutaceae) in Africa

The African members of the remarkably disjunct Afro-American genus Thamnosma are revised. Six species are recognized, T africana, T. rhodesica and T. crenata in southern Africa, and T. somalensis, T. socotrana and T. hirschii in the Horn of Africa region, including the southern part of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra. T. somalensis , sp. nov., is described from north-eastern Somalia. T. crenata , comb, nov., is based on T. africana var. crenata . A key to the species is given and two lectotypes and one neotype are selected.     

Revisional notes on the genus Toxopoda Macquart (Diptera,Sepsidae) in the Oriental and Australasian regions

I herein revise the genus Toxopoda Macquart of the Oriental and Australasian regions. A total of 16 species is discussed. Six new species are described: T. cavata sp. nov., T. angulata sp. nov., T. elephantina sp. nov., T. zuskai sp. nov., T. malayana sp. nov., and T. ozerovi sp. nov. The species T. contracta (Walker), T. viduata (Thomson) and T. simplex Iwasa, which can be easily confused with other species, are correctly redescribed and illustrated. Distributional notes and a key to the species of the Oriental and Australasian regions are provided.     

Review of the North American Tarphiota Casey, with a description of a new seashore-inhabiting Atheta species exhibiting convergent characteristics (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae)

A review of the North American species of the genus Tarphiota Casey is presented. Three species are recognized: T. densa (Moore), T. fucicola (Mäklin), and T. geniculata (Mäklin). They occur on the sandy beaches of the Pacific coast. A new coastal species of Atheta, found on the seashore and exhibiting certain convergent characteristics to Tarphiota, is described from the Atlantic coast: A. novaescotiae Klimaszewski and Majka, sp. nov. All Canadian species are provided with diagnoses, genitalic illustrations and digital photos of their habitus in dorsal and lateral view. A key is presented to distinguish the species. New data on the natural history of A. novaescotiae are presented and briefly discussed.     

The Thrips orientalis group from South-east Asia and Australia: some species identities and relationships (Thysanoptera, Thripidae)

Abstract  A thrips associated in Thailand with the flowers of Paederia foetida , a rubiaceous weed in Florida that is a threat to Australia, is here recognised as Thrips morindae Priesner, a species previously considered a synonym of T. javanicus Priesner. Systematic relationships of these species with others in South-east Asia and the Australasian region are discussed. Two new species-groups are designated: the T. obscuratus group of six species from New Zealand and New Caledonia, and the T. orientalis group of 12 South-east Asian species that are associated with scented white flowers such as Gardenia . Four species of this second group are recorded from tropical Australia.     

岳西唐松草，安徽毛茛科一新种

描述了自中国安徽省发现的毛茛科唐松草属一新种,岳西唐松草Thalictrumyuexiense,并给出了其与近缘种尖叶唐松草的区别特征。