Systematics of the one seeded Juniperus of the eastern hemisphere based on leaf essential oils and random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs)

The compositions of the leaf essential oils of all the one seed/cone species of Juniperus (sect. Sabina) of the eastern hemisphere are reported and compared (J. convallium, J. convallium var. microsperma, J. indica, J. komarovii, J. pingii, J. pingii var. carinata, J. prezewalskii, J. pseudosabina, J. recurva, J. recurva var. coxii, J. saltuaria, J. squamata, J. squamata var. morrisonicola, J. tibetica, J. wallachiana). In addition, DNA fingerprinting by RAPDs was utilized. The combined terpenoid and DNA data supported the continued recognition of the aforementioned taxa as distinct species except for four varieties which were recognized at the specific level: Juniperus carinata (Y.K. Yu & L.K. Fu) R.P. Adams, stat. nov. (Syn.: J. pingii var. carinata); J. coxii A.B. Jacks. (Syn.: J. recurva var. coxii); Juniperus microsperma (Cheng & L.K. Fu) R.P. Adams, stat. nov. (Syn.: J. convallium var. microsperma); J. morrisonicola Hayata (Syn.: J. squamata var. morrisonicola).     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
ARCHEOLOGY: The Summerstown Station Site. J ames F. P endergast .
ARCHEOLOGY: Archaeology of Rice Lake, Ontario. R ichard B. J ohnston .
ARCHEOLOGY: The Bennett Site. J. V. W right and J. E. A nderson .     

核桃属部分种的小孢子发生及核型研究

本试验采用常规压片法,观察了核桃属(Juglans L.)四个种花粉母细胞(PMC)的减数分裂过程和花粉形态,检测了两个种的花粉生活力,分析研究了七个种的核型。结果表明,普通核桃(J.regia)核桃楸(J.mandskurica Maxim.)和黑核桃(J.nigra L.)的PMC减数分裂基本正常,但河北核桃PMC的减数分裂过程都极不正常,供试的七个种,除普通核桃为2C核型外,其余均为2B核型,仅黑核桃一种带有随体染色体。根据核型特点把七个种分成三组,并探讨了组间与组内种间的亲缘演化关系。作者认为,河北核桃应为一种独立的种,核桃科在系统发育上可能来源于染色体基数为8的两群)不同植物。     

用Langdon二体代换系统建立小麦染色体RAPD标记

以一套Ｌａｎｇｄｏｎ硬粒小麦二体代换系及其亲本Ｌａｎｇｄｏｎ、中国春和中国春双端体为材料,研究适于硬粒小麦和普通小麦的理想ＲＡＰＤ分析条件,进行小麦Ａ、Ｂ和Ｄ染色体组各个染色体的ＲＡＰＤ分析。结果表明,ＡｍｐｌｉＴａｑＳｔｏｆｆｅｌｆｒａｇｍｅｎｔ比ＴａｑＤＮＡＰｏｌｙｍｅｒａｓｅ优越。所用１２个随机引物中,７个引物扩增出的１３个特异产物,可确定在硬粒小麦ＬａｎｇｄｏｎＡ、Ｂ染色体组和中国春Ｄ染色体组中的１０个个别染色体上。４个标记进一步定位在相应的４个染色体臂上。结果还表明,用Ｌａｎｇｄｏｎ二体代换系统、中国春双端体为材料,容易得到重复性高、特异性强的ＲＡＰＤ标记。     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
O ther : Cooperation among Animals with Human Implications by W. C. A llee .
O ther : Methodology and Techniques for the Study of Animal Societies by J. P. S cott , J ohn B. C alhoun , C. R. C arpenter , N. E. C ollins , J ohn T. E mlen , J. L. F uller , L eonard J. G oss , L awrence I rving , B ernard F. R iess , T. C. S chneirla , and J ohn W. S cott .
O ther : Of Societies and Men by C aryl P. H askins .     

Book Review

Book reviewed in this article: The Pigmentary System: Physiology and Pathophysiology by J.J. Nordlund, R.E. Boissy, V.J. Hearing, R.A. King, and J.-P Ortonne, (eds.)     

Reviews

Books reviewed in this article:
Root Development and Function. Ed. by P. J. G regory , J. V. L ake and D. A. R ose
Modern Methods in Plant Analysis. Volume 3. Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry. Edited by H. F. L inskens and J. F. J ackson
Genetic Differentiation and Dispersal in Plants. Edited by P. J acquard , G. H eim and J. A ntonovics
Tropical Forest and its Environment . By K. A. L ongman and J. J enik
Ecology of Biological Invasions. Edited by R. H. G roves and J. J. B urdon
Ecology of Microbial Communities: 41st Symposium of The Society for General Microbiology. Ed. by M. F letcher , T. R. G. G ray and J. G. J ones     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
The Natural Historv of Antelopes By C. A. Spinage.  

Shorter notices

Towards Hazard Assessment: Properties and Effects of Endosulphan Applied Sequentially as Drift Spray for Tsetse Fly Control by R. J. Douthwaite.
WWF Yearbook 1985/86, Ed. by Cassandra Philips.
Evolutionary Biology (Second Edition) by D. J. Futuyma.
Community Ecology: Patterns and Process, Ed. by J. Kikkawa & D. J. Anderson.
Tropical Ecology by D. E. Pomeroy & M. W. Service (with contributions by J. K. E. Egunjobi & N. Dickinson).
Our Common Future: A Reader's Guide by D. Hinrischen.
Kora: An Ecolgical Inventory of'the Kora Nuriontal Reserve, Kenya, Ed. by M. Coe & N. M. Collins
Colonisation, Succession and Stability, Ed. by A. J. Gray, M. J. Crawley & P. J Edwards.
Mediterranean Marine. Avifauna: Population Studies.r and Conservation, Ed. By MEDMARAVIS & X. Monbailliu.     

低能量激光照射对小鼠脾脏NK细胞活性影响的试验研究

目的：研究能量激光照射对小鼠NK细胞活性的影响,以便从NK细胞活性的角度阐明其免疫调节效应。方法：以BALB／c小鼠为研究对象,应用7.337J/cm^2,11．00J/cm^2,14．67J/cm^2,22．00J/cm^2和36．67J/cm^2五种剂量的氦氖激光作小鼠内眼角照射,连续照射8d,并于照射开始后第3d,6d,9d,13d和第17d,动脉监测实验鼠脾脏NK细胞活性。结果：以日剂量为7.33J/cm^2,11.00J/cm^2,14.67J/cm^2和22.00J/cm^2LELI照射小鼠四个剂量组均可增强NL细胞的活性（P＜0．01或P＜0．05）,但其峰值的出现随着LELI剂量的增大而加快,22．00J/cm^2剂量组在第3d就达到峰值,而其余三组则分别在第9d或第13d时达到峰值,与相相反,大剂量36.6J/cm^2ELEI组NK活性则表现出明显的抑制效应。结论：适当剂量的低能量激光照射剂可对小鼠脾脏NK细胞活性产生增强效应,而过大剂是LELI则产生抑制效应。     

Systematics of Juniperus section Juniperus based on leaf essential oils and random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs)

The composition of the leaf essential oils of all the species of Juniperus in sect. Juniperus (=sect. Oxycedrus) are reported and compared (J. brevifolia, J. cedrus, J. communis, J. c. var. saxatilis, J. c. var. oblonga, J. formosana, J. oxycedrus, J. o. subsp. badia, J. o. subsp. macrocarpa, J. o. subsp. transtagana, J. rigida, J. r. subsp. conferta, J. sibirica, J. taxifolia and J. t. var. lutchuensis). In addition, DNA fingerprinting by RAPDs was utilized. Based on these data, several taxa remained at the same taxonomic level: J. brevifolia, J. cedrus, J. communis, J. c. var. saxatilis, J. formosana, J. oxycedrus, J. rigida, J. r. var. conferta, and J. taxifolia. However, several taxa exhibited considerable differentiation that warranted their recognition at the specific level: J. oblonga M.-Bieb. (=J. communis var. oblonga), J. badia H. Gay (=J. oxycedrus subsp. badia), J. macrocarpa Sibth. and Sm. (=J. oxycedrus subsp. macrocarpa), J. navicularis Gand. (=J. oxycedrus subsp. transtagana), J. sibirica Brugsd. (=J. communis var. saxatilis in part), and J. lutchuensis Koidz. (= J. taxifolia var. lutchuensis).     

Base J originally found in kinetoplastida is also a minor constituent of nuclear DNA of Euglena gracilis

We have analyzed DNA of EUGLENA: gracilis for the presence of the unusual minor base beta-D-glucosyl-hydroxymethyluracil or J, thus far only found in kinetoplastid flagellates and in DIPLONEMA: Using antibodies specific for J and post-labeling of DNA digests followed by two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography of labeled nucleotides, we show that approximately 0.2 mole percent of EUGLENA: DNA consists of J, an amount similar to that found in DNA of Trypanosoma brucei. By staining permeabilized EUGLENA: cells with anti-J antibodies, we show that J is rather uniformly distributed in the EUGLENA: nucleus, and does not co-localize to a substantial extent with (GGGTTA)(n) repeats, the putative telomeric repeats of EUGLENA: Hence, most of J in EUGLENA: appears to be non-telomeric. Our results add to the existing evidence for a close phylogenetic relation between kinetoplastids and euglenids.     

Commercially available luminometers and imaging devices for low-light level measurements and kits and reagents utilizing bioluminescence or chemiluminescence: Survey update 5

This survey was compiled in July 1997 and includes products not covered in the luminometer survey (Jan 1992: Stanley PE, J Biolumin Chemilumin 1992; 7:77–108 and 7:157–69), kits and reagent survey (Nov 1992; Stanley PE, J Biolumin Chemilumin 1993; 8:51–63), update 1 (June 1993: luminometers, kits and reagents, Stanley PE, J Biolumin Chemilumin 1993; 8:237–240) and update 2 (Dec 1993: luminometers, kits and reagents, Stanley PE, J Biolumin Chemilumin 1994; 9:51–3) and update 3 (Feb 1994: luminometers, kits and reagents, Stanley PE, J Biolumin Chemilumin 1994; 9:123–5) and update 4 (June 1996: Stanley PE, J Biolumin Chemilumin 1996; 11:175–91). Technical details are provided together with company address and contact information including email and website where known. Items include: Luminometers, radiometers, low-light imaging, CCD cameras, immunoassays, ATP rapid microbiology, hygiene monitoring, molecular probes, labels, nucleic acid hybridization, reporter genes. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Reviews

Modern Methods of Plant Analysis , New Series, Vol. 13, Plant Toxin Analysis . Ed. by H. F. L inskens & J. F. J ackson
Plant Disease Control – Principles and Practice. By O tis C. M alov
Orchid Biology : Reviews and Perspectives , IV and V. Ed. by J oseph A rditti
The Ecology of Mangrove and Related Systems: Proceedings of the International Symposium held at Mombasa, Kenya, September 1990 . Ed. by V ictor J accarini &E ls M artens
Climate Change: Science, Impacts and Policy , Ed. by J. J äger &H.L. F erguson
Quaternary of Scotland. Ed. by J. E. G ordon &D. G. S utherland     

Commercially available luminometers and imaging devices for low-light level measurements and kits and reagents utilizing bioluminescence or chemiluminescence: Survey update 3

This survey was compiled in February 1994 and includes products not covered in the luminometer survey (Jan 1992: Stanley PE, J Biolumin Chemilumin 1992; 7:77–108 and 7:157–69), kits and reagent survey (Nov 1992: Stanley PE, J Biolumin Chemilumin 1993; 8:51–63), update 1 (June 1993 luminometers, kits and reagents, Stanley PE, J Biolumin Chemilumin 1993; 8:237–40) and update 2 (Dec 1993: luminometers, kits and reagents, Stanley PE, J Biolumin Chemilumin 1994; 9:51–3). Technical details are provided together with company addresses and contact information.     

Book reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Lehrbuch der speziellen Zoology. Begründet von A lfred K aestner .
D e S ilva , S. S. (Ed.): Exotic Aquatic Organisms in Asia.
J oseph , M. M. (Ed.): The first Indian Fisheries Forum, Proceedings.
K eshavanath , P.; R adhakrishnan , K. V. (Eds.): Carp Seed Production Technology.
H olcík , J. (Ed.): The Freshwater Fishes of Europe.
H oechstand , H. (Ed.): The Freshwater Fishes of Europe.
H alen , H., R osado C ouoh , J.-L., M icha , J.-C., M eyer , J.: Caractéristiques et fonctionnement d'un écosystème agro-piscicole aménagé dans les marais du Tabasco (Mexique).
S chlotfeldt , H.-J., P fortmüller , K., H erbst , J., K leingeld , D. W., S chwister , J.: Was tun wenn …?     

Book reviews

Book reviews in this article: Fauna of Australia. Vol. IB. Mammalia Edited by D. W. Walton and B. J. Richardson. Plant Physiological Ecology: Field Methods and Instrumentation Edited by R. W. Pearcy, J. Ehleringer, H. A. Mooney and P. W. Rundel. Fire in the Tropical Biota: Ecosystem Processes and Global Challenges Edited by J. G. Goldammer. Nature Conservation 2: The Role of Corridors Edited by D. A. Saunders and R. J. Hobbs.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviews in this article:
ANAESTHETIC AND SEDATIVE TECHNIQUES FOR FISH. By Lindsay G. Ross & Barbara Ross.
THE CONTROL OF FISH MIGRATION. By R. J. F. Smith.
ARTIFICIAL SEA WATERS: FORMULAS AND METHODS. By J. P. Biddwell & S. Spotte.
FISH IMMUNOLOGY. Edited by Margaret J. Manning & Mary F. Tatner.
MARINE MAMMALS AND FISHERIES. Edited by J. R. Beddington, R. J. H. Beverton & D. M. Lavigne.
FISHERIES DYNAMICS: HARVEST MANAGEMENT AND SAMPLING. By P. R. Mundy, T. J. Quinn & R. B. Deriso.
OCEANOGRAPHY AND MARINE BIOLOGY: AN ANNUAL REVIEW. Edited by Margaret Barnes.     

The Bacillus subtilis spo0J gene: evidence for involvement in catabolite repression of sporulation.

Previous observations concerning the ability of the Bacillus subtilis bacteriophages SP10 and PMB12 to suppress mutations in spo0J and to make wild-type sporulation catabolite resistant suggested that spo0J had a role in catabolite repression of sporulation. This suggestion was supported in the present report by the ability of the catabolite-resistant sporulation mutation crsF4 to suppress a Tn917 insertion mutation of the B. subtilis spo0J locus (spo0J::Tn917 omega HU261) in medium without glucose. Although crsF4 and SP10 made wild-type B. subtilis sporulation catabolite resistant, neither crsF4 nor SP10 caused a mutant with spo0J::Tn917 omega HU261 to sporulate in medium with glucose. Sequencing the spo0J locus revealed an open reading frame that was 179 codons in length. Disruption of the open reading frame resulted in a sporulation-negative (Spo-) phenotype that was similar to those of other spo0J mutations. Analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence of the spo0J locus indicated that the spo0J gene product contains an alpha-helix-turn-alpha-helix unit similar to the motif found in lambda Cro-like DNA-binding proteins.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article: Mucina, L., Pignatti, S., Rodwell, J.S., Schaminée, J.H.J. & Chytr, M. 1997. European Vegetation Survey: Case Studies.     

Contribution to the chromosome numbers of some species of the genus Juncus L. in Slovakia

The study presents chromosome counts of the following species of the genusJuncus from Slovakía:J. sphaerocarpus, J. capitatus, J. subnodulosus, J. atratus, J. alpino-articulatus subsp.alpino-articulatus, J. triglumis, J. castaneus.