UV-C光催化纳米TiO2对蓝藻生长影响的研究

研究了UV-C光催化纳米TiO2对蓝藻生长的影响。从生理上分析了UV-C光催化纳米TiO2具有促进蓝藻中鱼腥藻7120体内活泼态氧化物O2,.OH和H2O2的产生,抑制藻体中过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)和超氧歧化酶(SOD)在内的抗氧化酶活性,降低可溶性蛋白(Soluble Pr)、藻蓝蛋白(C-PC)、叶绿素a(C-Chl a)和类胡萝卜素(C-Carotenoids)含量,最终表现为藻细胞生长代谢中光合速率和呼吸速率迅速降低,细胞增殖中遗传物质核酸含量下降,并出现几乎达到100%的细胞致死率;同时,通过显微镜观察发现,受试蓝藻细胞形态结构发生了明显变化。可以看出,UV-C光催化纳米TiO2能够有效抑制蓝藻生长。     

纳米硒对山羊生长、血清抗氧化酶、生长激素和胰岛素的影响

研究纳米硒对山羊生长性能、山羊抗氧化能力、生长激素和胰岛素的影响。选择体重相近、体格健壮的太行青山羊公羊90只,随机分为9组,分别喂以基础日粮和添加不同水平(0.03 mg/kg DM,0.05 mg/kg DM,0.1 mg/kg DM,0.3 mg/kg DM,0.5 mg/kg DM,1 mg/kg DM,3 mg/kg DM和5 mg/kg DM)纳米硒的饲料,实验期95 d。结果表明:日粮添加纳米硒显著提高山羊的生长性能(P<0.05)、血清超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化酶活性(P<0.05),当添加水平在0.3 mg/kg DM~1 mg/kg DM时,血清超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化酶活性保持高峰平台;日粮添加纳米硒显著降低血清谷胱甘肽硫转移酶活性和丙二醛含量(P<0.05),并在添加水平为0.3 mg/kg DM~1 mg/kg DM时保持低谷状态;日粮添加纳米硒显著提高全血硒、生长激素和胰岛素的浓度(P<0.05)。结论:日粮添加0.3 mg/kg DM~1 mg/kg DM,增强了山羊机体抗氧化功能,促进了生长激素和胰岛素的分泌,从而促进山羊的生长。     

LED光源对不同品种生菜生长和品质的影响

以自然光为对照(CK),探讨了LED红光(R)、蓝光(B)和红蓝组合光(RB)对不同品种生菜生长与品质的影响.结果显示:(1)不同光质处理的4个品种生菜的根长、株高及生物量积累等形态及生长指标具有相同的变化规律.(2)植株干鲜重、叶面积及根系活力在R和RB处理下都较大,而在B处理下较小;金祥、高华和永荣的B处理植株可溶性蛋白含量较高;联记、金祥和高华植株的淀粉含量在RB处理下较多,而永荣在R处理下较多;各品种植株可溶性糖含量在R和RB处理下较高,而永荣植株RB处理蔗糖含量较高,其余品种蔗糖含量在R处理下较高;金祥、高华和永荣VC含量在B和RB下较高,联记在RB下较高,各品种在R下均较低;植株总酚含量在各光质处理间无显著差异.(3)联记的硝态氮含量及亚硝酸还原酶对光质敏感,B处理能降低其硝态氮含量及亚硝酸还原酶活性,其他品种的硝态氮含量及亚硝酸还原酶活性在光质处理间无显著差异.研究表明,相同光质下品种间生长无显著差异,而各品种生菜植株在红光和红蓝组合光下生长较好,在红蓝光处理下品质较优,红蓝光是设施栽培生菜的良好光源.     

LED短期连续光照与氮营养对水培生菜品质的影响

设置10和15 mmol·L^-12个氮水平处理,NO₃^- -N∶NH₄⁺-N比例分别为1∶0、4∶1和1∶1的3个氮形态处理,水培紫叶生菜,研究其在LED红蓝组合光短期连续光照(SCL)后的品质提升效果.结果表明： 各处理生菜地上部干质量在LED光源SCL处理后均显著提高,最小增幅为35.1%,根系干质量除NO₃^- -N∶NH₄⁺-N为1∶1且氮水平为15 mmol·L^-1的处理和NO₃^- -N∶NH₄⁺-N为1∶0且氮水平为10 mmol·L^-1的处理外,差异都达到显著水平.SCL处理前,不同氮营养处理生菜总酚、类黄酮相对含量差异不显著.SCL处理后,不同氮营养条件下生菜总酚、类黄酮和花青素相对含量差异显著.2种氮水平下,总酚和类黄酮相对含量随铵氮比例的提高而增加,花青素相对含量随铵氮比例增加而先降低后升高.SCL处理使生菜叶片、叶柄硝酸盐含量显著降低,其中叶片硝酸盐含量降低23.2%,生菜叶片抗坏血酸、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量均显著提高.叶片硝酸盐含量降低速率随氮水平和铵氮比例的增加而提高.抗坏血酸含量增加速率主要受氮水平影响,氮水平较低时抗坏血酸含量增加速率较高.可溶性糖含量增加速率随着铵氮比例的增加而增加.SCL处理显著提高了不同氮营养水培生菜干物质的积累,同时显著降低了硝酸盐的积累,显著提高了抗坏血酸、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量,氮营养条件对SCL改善生菜品质的速率有显著影响.     

铜胁迫对玉米幼苗生长、叶绿素荧光参数和抗氧化酶活性的影响

本文研究了铜(Cu)胁迫下玉米(Zeamays)幼苗生长、叶绿素含量、叶绿素荧光参数和抗氧化酶活性的变化。研究结果表明,5￣20μmol.L-1Cu处理10天明显抑制玉米幼苗根系生长,并减少玉米幼苗的干物重,以及增加玉米幼苗地上部和根系含Cu量;玉米幼苗吸收的Cu大部分积累在根系,在地上部分布较少。Cu处理还降低玉米叶片的叶绿素含量和Fv/Fm、ETR、qP和qy值。在10天的Cu处理期间,根系中SOD、POD、CAT和GR活性呈现先上升后下降的趋势。而叶片中的SOD、POD、CAT和GR活性在处理前期不受Cu胁迫的显著影响,处理后期则因Cu胁迫而增强。实验表明抗氧化酶在抵御过量Cu引起的氧化胁迫中发挥了一定的作用。     

铜胁迫对玉米幼苗生长、叶绿素荧光参数和抗氧化酶活性的影响

本文研究了铜(Cu)胁迫下玉米(Zea mays)幼苗生长、叶绿素含量、叶绿素荧光参数和抗氧化酶活性的变化。研究结果表明, 5~20 μmol.L-1 Cu处理10天明显抑制玉米幼苗根系生长, 并减少玉米幼苗的干物重, 以及增加玉米幼苗地上部和根系含Cu量; 玉米幼苗吸收的Cu大部分积累在根系, 在地上部分布较少。Cu处理还降低玉米叶片的叶绿素含量和Fv/Fm、ETR、qP和qy值。在10天的Cu处理期间, 根系中SOD、POD、CAT和GR活性呈现先上升后下降的趋势。而叶片中的SOD、POD、CAT和GR活性在处理前期不受Cu胁迫的显著影响, 处理后期则因Cu胁迫而增强。实验表明抗氧化酶在抵御过量Cu引起的氧化胁迫中发挥了一定的作用。     

饲料中铜、钙水平对大黄鱼幼鱼生长、抗氧化酶及脂代谢酶活性的影响

为研究钙对摄食高铜饲料的大黄鱼幼鱼生长性能、抗氧化酶类及脂代谢酶类活性的影响,研究采用22双因子实验设计,配制了4组实验饲料,共包含2个铜水平(4和24 mg/kg)和2个钙水平(0.5%和3%),分别命名为: -Cu-Ca、+Cu-Ca、-Cu+Ca和+Cu+Ca,饲喂大黄鱼幼鱼[(4.050.31) g]10周,每个处理组设置3个重复。结果表明,高铜组(+Cu-Ca和+Cu+Ca)实验鱼的存活率、终末体质量和增重率显著低于低铜组(-Cu-Ca和-Cu+Ca)(P0.05); 高铜组实验鱼肝脏和肌肉中的铜含量显著高于低铜组,而高钙组(-Cu+Ca和+Cu+Ca)实验鱼肌肉中的铜含量却显著低于低钙组(-Cu-Ca和+Cu-Ca)(P0.05); 高铜组实验鱼肝脏中的糖原含量显著低于低铜组(P0.05); 实验鱼肝脏中的超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、6-磷酸葡糖酸脱氢酶、异柠檬酸脱氢酶和脂肪酸合成酶活性,高铜组显著低于低铜组,而高钙组却显著高于低钙组,但硫代巴比妥酸反应物含量和脂蛋白脂肪酶活性正好相反(P0.05); 饲料中铜和钙的交互作用显著影响了实验鱼肌肉中的铜含量、硫代巴比妥酸反应物含量、6-磷酸葡糖酸脱氢酶、脂肪酸合成酶和脂蛋白脂肪酶活性(P0.05)。研究表明,钙能够缓解摄食高铜饲料对大黄鱼幼鱼造成的伤害。     

铜胁迫对紫花苜蓿幼苗叶片抗氧化系统的影响

采用1/4强度Hoagland营养液培养法研究了不同浓度Cu处理(O、10、30、50、100μmol·L-1 CuSO4)对紫花苜蓿幼苗叶片生理生化特性的影响.结果表明:30、50、100μmol·L-1 Cu处理使叶片中过氧化氢(H2O2)、羟基自由基(OH·)和丙二醛(MDA)含量升高;随Cu浓度的增加,愈创木酚过氧化物酶(POD)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)的活性逐渐上升,过氧化氢酶(CAT)和葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G6PDH)的活性先上升后下降;30、50、100 μmol·L-1Cu处理增强Fe-SOD和酯酶(EST)的活性,使叶片中谷胱甘肽(GSH)和抗坏血酸(AsA)含量显著升高.＞10 μmol·L-1的Cu处理下,叶片中抗氧化系统清除活性氧的能力上升,以防止叶片在Cu诱导的氧化胁迫下受到伤害.     

不同光照时间红蓝LED光对生菜生长和品质的影响

生菜(Lactuca sativa var. ramosa Hort.)富含维生素、花青素和胡萝卜素等营养成分,且具有抗衰老和抗癌功能[1] ,是可控环境下主栽蔬菜种类之一. 光照时间能调控植物开花、花性分化、发育进程及光合生长[2-3]. 夜间补光和低光量子通量密度条件下延长光照时间可以提高生菜的生物量和品质[4-5]. 全人工光照条件下,红蓝光是培育植物的适宜光谱[6-7].     

金属离子对漆斑菌产胆红素氧化酶的影响

比较了漆斑菌在8种液体培养基中胆红素氧化酶(BOX)产量,发现马铃薯液体培养基(PDB)是最适宜漆斑菌产BOX的培养基。研究了8种常见金属离子对漆斑菌产酶的影响,结果表明钠离子、铜离子可以明显促进BOX产量提高,铜离子效果最强,随着铜离子浓度增加,BOX酶产量可进一步提高,但高浓度的铜离子(1mmol.L-1)会抑制酶产量增加。     

Supramolecular assemblies of new 2-D complexes: Syntheses, crystal structures, spectroscopic and magnetic properties of {[MnAu2(CN)4(NITpPy)2(H2O)2]}n and {[Co(N(CN)2)2(NITpPy)2(H2O)2]}n

Two new complexes, {[MnAu₂(CN)₄(NITpPy)₂(H₂O)₂]}_n (1) and {[Co(N(CN)₂)₂(NITpPy)₂(H₂O)₂]}_n (2), have been synthesized and characterized. The single-crystal X-ray analysis for the complexes 1 and 2 demonstrates that each M(II) (M = Mn or Co) ion assumes a distorted octahedral MN₄O₂ coordination polyhedron. Four nitrogen atoms come from the cyanide groups and the pyridyl rings in a common plane, and two oxygen atoms come from the H₂O molecules in trans-positions. The structures of complexes 1 and 2 illustrate that aurophilicity and/or hydrogen bonding interactions play important roles in increasing dimensionality. Magnetic investigations on complexes 1 and 2 show the presence of weak antiferromagnetic interactions.     

Thermal deamination kinetics of the nickel-containing chabazite-like aluminophosphate, Ni(NH2-CH2-CH2-NH2)2(AlPO4)6(OH)2, deposition of nanocrystalline NiO particles

Thermogravimetrical analysis has been used to study the kinetics of thermal deamination of bis(ethylenediamine)nickel(II)-containing aluminophosphate (Ni-CHA) which is a precursor of nickel(II)-containing chabazite-like AlPO₄-34. The deamination occurs as a single-step kinetic process which is best described by the contracting cylinder model. The obtained activation energy of 200 kJ/mol is mainly a reflection of the strong Ni-N coordination bond. The thermal decomposition of Ni-CHA results in the deposition of crystalline NiO particles homogeneously dispersed in the AlPO₄-34 lattice. Average particle size was found to be about 5 nm. The study confirms that the thermal decomposition of amine complexes of Ni(II) encapsulated inside the microporous aluminophosphate host can be a suitable method for obtaining fine nano-oxide particles.     

A 2-D polymer assembled by cubane-like clusters [Tb4(OH)4(phen)3(H2O)3] and 3-sulfobenzoate

A coordination polymer {[Tb₄(3-SBA)₄(OH)₄(phen)₃(H₂O)₃] · 7H₂O}_n (3-SBA = 3-sulfobenzoate, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) was synthesized and structurally characterized. The complex contains cubane-like clusters, [Tb₄(μ₃-OH)₄(phen)₃(H₂O)₃]⁸⁺, which are further linked through 3-SBA ligands to form a 2-D grid-like network structure with topology of (3³, 4⁴, 5³). The complex exhibits strong photoluminescence of the Tb³⁺ ion.     

Synthesis and characterisation of a trinuclear uranyl complex: Crystal structure of (CN3H6)5[(UO2)3O(OH)2(CH3COO)(C2O4)3]

The reaction of uranyl oxalate trihydrate with guanidinium acetate at room temperature in water yields known uranyl complex with composition (CN₃H₆)₂[UO₂(C₂O₄)₂(H₂O)]·H₂O as a first phase and a novel complex (CN₃H₆)₅[(UO₂)₃O(OH)₂(CH₃COO)(C₂O₄)₃] as a second. The second phase was investigated by means of IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The trinuclear discrete complex contains two symmetrically independent uranyl ions with a pentagonal bipyramid structure and has a nonplanar geometry. The distortion of its equatorial plane is caused by substitution of a monodentate bridge hydroxide anion by a bidentate bridge acetate-anion. The acidic ligands found in the complex are usually in competition for a place in coordination sphere of an uranyl ion, thus peculiarities of the complex formation are discussed in terms of ‘crystallochemical analysis’.     

Synthesis, structure and properties of TTF-carboxylate bridged paddlewheel dirhodium complexes, Rh2(BuCO2)3(TTFCO2) and Rh2(BuCO2)2(TTFCO2)2

Reaction of tetrathiafulvalene carboxylic acid (TTFCO₂H) with paddlewheel dirhodium complex Rh₂(Bu^tCO₂)₄ yielded TTFCO₂-bridged complexes Rh₂(Bu^tCO₂)₃(TTFCO₂) (1) and cis- and trans-Rh₂(Bu^tCO₂)₂(TTFCO₂)₂ (cis- and trans-2). Their triethylamine adducts [1(NEt₃)₂] and cis-[2(NEt₃)₂] were purified and isolated with chromatographic separation, and characterized with single crystal X-ray analysis. Trans-[2(NEt₃)₂] is not completely separated from a mixture of cis- and trans-[2(NEt₃)₂], but its single crystals were obtained from a solution of the mixture. A three-step quasi-reversible oxidation process was observed for 1 in MeCN. The first two steps correspond to the oxidation of the TTFCO₂ moiety and the last one is the oxidation of the Rh₂ core. The oxidation of cis-2 is observed as a two-step process with very similar E_1/2 values to those of the first two processes for 1. Both 1⁺ and cis-2²⁺ in MeCN at room temperature show isotropic ESR spectra with a g value of 2.008 and a_H = 0.135 mT for two equivalent H atoms and a_H = 0.068 mT for one H atom. The redox and ESR data of cis-2 suggest that the intramolecular interaction between the TTF moieties is very small.     

A hexanuclear iron(III) complex [Fe6O2(OH)2(PhCOO)10(hedmp)2]·3CH3CN assembled from 2-hydroxyethyl-3,5-dimethyl pyrazole

In order to assemble polynuclear iron(III) complexes, the coordination chemistry of the 2-hydroxyethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazole (hedmp-H) ligand has been investigated. Reaction of hedmp-H with trinuclear iron carboxylate precursor [Fe₃O(PhCOO)₆(H₂O)₃]Cl in acetonitrile yielded the hexanuclear Fe(III) complex [Fe₆O₂(OH)₂(PhCOO)₁₀(hedmp)₂]·3CH₃CN (1). This aggregate has been characterized by employing various analytical techniques, spectroscopic studies and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Detailed magnetic susceptibility measurements revealed that 1 displays an S_T = 5 ground state.     

Synthesis, spectral and magnetical characterization of monomeric [Cu(2-NO2bz)2(nia)2(H2O)2] and structural analysis of similar [Cu(RCOO)2(L-N)2(H2O)2] complexes

A new complex of composition [Cu(2-NO₂bz)₂(nia)₂(H₂O)₂] (1) (nia = nicotinamide, 2-NO₂bz = 2-nitrobenzoate) has been prepared and its composition and stereochemistry as well as coordination mode have been determined by elemental analysis, electronic, infrared and EPR spectroscopy, magnetization measurements over the temperature range 1.8-300 K, and its structure has been solved, as well. The complex structure consists of the centrosymmetric molecules with Cu(II) atom monodentately coordinated by the pair of 2-nitrobenzoato anions and by the pair of nicotinamide molecules, forming nearly tetragonal basal plane, and by a pair of water molecules that complete tetragonal-bipyramidal coordination polyhedron about the copper atom. The complex 1 exhibits magnetic moment μ_eff = 1.86 B.M. at 300 K which decreases to μ_eff = 1.83 B.M. at 1.8 K. The magnetic susceptibility temperature dependence obeys Curie-Weiss law with Curie constant of 0.442 cm³ K mol⁻¹ and with Weiss constant of −1.0 K. EPR spectra at room temperature as well as at 77 K are of axial type with g_⊥ = 2.065 and g_∥ = 2.280 and exhibit clearly, but partially resolved parallel hyperfine splitting with A_II = 160 G, that is consistent with the determined molecular structure of 1. In order to analyze the factors influencing the degree of tetragonal distortion of coordination polyhedron, the dataset of 72 structures similar to that of 1 was extracted from CCD and analyzed. A significant correlation between the average Cu-O_ax bond length and tetragonality parameter τ which was found as a consequence of the Jahn-Teller effect.     

Catalytic and electrochemical properties of new manganese(III) compounds of 2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)-oxazoline (Hphox or HClphox). Molecular structures of [Mn(Clphox)2(MeOH)2](ClO4) and [Mn(phox)2(MeOH)2][Mn(phox)2(ClO4)2](H2O)2

New manganese(III) complexes of Hphox (2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)-oxazoline) and HClphox (2-(5′-chloro-2′-hydroxyphenyl)-oxazoline) have been synthesised. The X-ray structures of [Mn(phox)₂(MeOH)₂][Mn(phox)₂(ClO₄)₂](H₂O)₂ and [Mn(Clphox)₂(MeOH)₂](ClO₄) show the manganese(III) ions to be octahedrally coordinated with methanol or perchlorate at the axial coordination sites. The cyclic voltammograms of the complexes, with the exception of [Mn(phox)₂(acac)] (Hacac=2,4-pentanedione), show an irreversible reduction wave of manganese(III) to manganese(II). After addition of an excess of 1-methylimidazole (1-Meim), the reduction process shifts towards lower potentials and becomes (quasi-) reversible, indicating that the presence of 1-Meim affects the catalytic efficiency of the complexes. The complexes catalyse the epoxidation of styrene by dihydrogen peroxide. The cumulative turnover numbers towards styrene oxide obtained after 15 min. vary from 16 for [Mn(Clphox)₂(MeOH)₂](ClO₄) to 26 for [Mn(phox)₂(acac)]. Ligand degradation appears to be the limiting factor for obtaining higher turnover numbers.     

Rb2[B12(OH)12]·2H2O and Rb2[B12(OH)12]·2H2O2: Hydrate and perhydrolate of rubidium dodecahydroxo-closo-dodecaborate

The orthorhombically crystallizing salts Rb₂[B₁₂(OH)₁₂]·2H₂O (a = 1576.81(9), b = 813.08(5), c = 1245.32(7) pm) and Rb₂[B₁₂(OH)₁₂]·2H₂O₂ (a = 1616.54(9), b = 814.29(5), c = 1260.12(7) pm) could be prepared from Rb₂[B₁₂H₁₂] and hydrogen peroxide. Both crystal structures were determined by X-ray single crystal diffraction and refined in the space group Cmce. They are not isostructural to the other compounds containing icosahedral dodecahydroxo-closo-dodecaborate dianions [B₁₂(OH)₁₂]²⁻ and potassium, rubidium or cesium cations already known to literature, but both title compounds crystallize quasi-isotypically exhibiting Rb⁺ cations in 10-fold oxygen coordination. The hydrogen peroxide adduct (Rb₂[B₁₂(OH)₁₂]·2H₂O₂) is explosive on shock and heat, while the hydrate (Rb₂[B₁₂(OH)₁₂]·2H₂O) is not.     

Spectral properties and bio-activity of copper(II) clofibriates, part III: crystal structure of Cu(clofibriate)2(2-pyridylmethanol)2, Cu(clofibriate)2(4-pyridylmethanol)2(H2O) dihydrate, and Cu2(clofibriate)4(N,N-diethylnicotinamide)2

New copper(II) clofibriates (clof, {2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropionic or 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)isobutyric acid}) of composition Cu(clof)₂L₂ (where L=2-pyridylmethanol (2-pymeth) (1), N-methylnicotinamide (Menia) (4), N,N-diethylnicotinamide (Et₂nia) (5), isonicotinamide (isonia) (7) or methyl-3-pyridylcarbamate (mpc) (8)), [Cu(clof)₂(4-pymeth)₂(H₂O)] · 2H₂O (4-pymeth=4-pyridylmethanol) (2 · 2H₂O) and Cu(clof)₂L (where L=4-pymeth (3) or Et₂nia (6)) have been prepared and spectroscopically characterized. All the Cu(clof)₂L₂ compounds seem to possess distorted octahedral copper(II) stereochemistry with differing tetragonal distortions. An X-ray analysis of 1 was carried out and it featured a tetragonal-bipyramidal geometry around the copper(II) atom. X-ray analysis of 2 · 2H₂O featured a square-pyramidal geometry around copper(II) atom. Both the Cu(clof)₂L compounds seem to consist of a binuclear unit of tetracarboxylate type bridging. An X-ray analysis of 6 revealed typical binuclear paddle-wheel type structure, consisting of two copper(II) atoms in square-pyramidal geometry bridged by four carboxylate anions in the xy-plane. All complexes under study were characterized by EPR and electronic spectroscopy. The antimicrobial effects have been tested on various strains of bacteria, yeasts and filamentous fungi.