Comparative evaluation of conjugate vaccines in the Haemophilus influenzae infection model

We used a murine model of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) infection to analyze the immunologic response to two commercially available PRP conjugate vaccines (HbOC, PRP-T). The mortality rate in mice infected with a large dose of the bacteria after vaccination with HbOC or PRP-T at two and three doses was significantly lower than in non-vaccinated mice and mice vaccinated by one dose. Furthermore, for infections caused by a small bacterial dose, the mortality rate in mice vaccinated with one, two, or three doses was significantly lower than in non-vaccinated mice. The induction level of anti-PRP antibodies, especially IgG, in serum of mice vaccinated by two or three doses was higher than in those vaccinated with a single dose. Our results indicate that the dose of vaccine influences its efficacy in protecting against Hib infection. Our results also showed a lack of difference between two different PRP conjugate vaccines.     

Chronic effects of Campylobacter infection

Campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common causes of bacterial gastroenteritis and chronic sequelae, such as reactive arthritis and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), are known to follow uncomplicated infections. While little is known about reactive arthritis following Campylobacter infection, our knowledge on the pathogenesis of Campylobacter-induced GBS is expanding rapidly and is summarized in this review.     

Comparative effectiveness of various antibiotics in the treatment of patients with meningococcal meningitis]

The results of treating 322 patients with various forms of meningococcal infection accepted to a hospital within a year are presented. The patients were divided into 3 groups by the character of etiotropic therapy. The patients of group I were treated with benzylpenicillin and those of group 2 were treated with levomycetin sodium succinate. Group 3 included the patients, the therapy of whom with the above two antibiotics failed and they were subjected to treatment with cefazolin, cefotaxime, amikacin and other broad spectrum antibiotics. Benzylpenicillin generally proved to be the drug of choice in the antibacterial therapy of meningococcal infection. In comparison to levomycetin (chloramphenicol) it provide more rapid clinical recovery of the patients and normalization of the indices of the cerebrospinal fluid. Only failure of benzylpenicillin therapy was considered as an indication to the broad-spectrum antibiotics to be in the complex treatment of the patients. As additional methods for estimating the efficacy of antibacterial therapy it was recommended to employ calculation of the integral indices of hemograms (the leukocyte index of intoxication and the hematologic index of intoxication).     

Comparative evaluation of the clinical effectiveness of 3 preparations of E. coli L-asparaginase

Preparations of L-asparaginase made in the USSR, FRG and Japan were studied comparatively in 277 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphosarcomas. It was shown that the clinical characteristics of the preparation made in the USSR and the preparation (crasnitin) made in the FRG were identical. By the antileukemic action the preparation made in the USSR was superior to the preparation (leunase) made in Japan in the treatment of adult patients with such hemoblastosis forms. The effect of the three drugs in the treatment of children was analogous. The nature of the side effects of the three drugs was the same. However, their level was different. The allergenic effect of leunase on the patients was the most pronounced. L-Asparaginase made in the USSR and crasnitin are recommended for wide use in clinical practice.     

空肠弯曲菌感染动物模型的研究进展

空肠弯曲菌是一种全球关注的人兽共患病原菌,感染后可引起人和动物多种疾病。动物模型是开展致病机理、疫苗评价和药物开发等研究的基础。空肠弯曲菌由于培养条件苛刻以及感染实验动物的疾病相似性、经济性和重复性等因素,仍缺乏良好的感染动物模型,其致病机理迄今尚不清楚。本文对已报道的空肠弯曲菌感染实验动物模型进行综述。     

Polymicrobial infection in Campylobacter jejuni enteritis in Karachi

Between September 1984 and April 1985, 210 stool specimens from patients with acute enteritis, in the city of Karachi, Pakistan were cultured for the presence of different enteropathogenic bacterial agents.Campylobacter jejuni was isolated from 62 (29.5%) of these specimens from children under 2 years of age. The highest incidence of C. jejuni was found among infants from birth to 6 months of age. The frequency of isolation gradually decreased among the 7–12-month-old infants and again among children from 13–24 months of age, respectively. C. jejuni was more frequently isolated in stool specimens from males (61.2%) and reflected the higher incidence of illness caused by C. jejuni in males. Our results emphasise the importance of this newly recognised enteropathogen, C. jejuni, in the etiology of diarrhoeal disease in Pakistan.     

微生态制剂防治儿童感染性腹泻的有效性评价

目的 对微生态制剂防治儿童感染性腹泻的有效性和安全性进行分析研究。方法 选取2017年3月到2018年3月间我院收治的132例感染性腹泻患儿为研究对象,依据随机数字表法分为对照组（n=66）与观察组（n=66）。对照组患儿施以常规药物防治,观察组患儿应用益生菌进行防治。对两组患者的治疗效果、腹泻持续时间、治疗后病情、血常规与肝功能情况进行比较分析。结果 观察组患儿治疗总有效率（96.97%）明显高于对照组（86.36%）。观察组患儿腹泻持续时间为（2.41±1.08）d,明显少于对照组的（3.67±1.89）d。观察组患儿治疗3 d后腹泻频率≤2次/d的发生率为24.24%,低于对照组的60.61%。观察组患儿治疗后脱水发生率为3.03%,低于对照组的22.73%。观察组患儿血常规与肝功能水平明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 在儿童感染性腹泻中应用微生态制剂有助于提高治疗效果,缩短腹泻持续时间,促进大便恢复正常,且具有较高的安全性,可有效促进患儿康复。     

Comparative evaluation of the diagnostic effectiveness of staphylococcal allergens of different manufacture in bronchospastic reactions of sensitized lungs

With allergic immediate hypersensitivity test to the antigens of Staphylococcus aureus strain Wood 46 specific bronchospastic reactions were simulated in the lungs of guinea pigs by means of two allergens: commercial allergen manufactured in Czechoslovakia and staphyloallergen prepared by ultrasonic treatment under laboratory conditions at the Alma-Ata Research Institute of Epidemiology, Microbiology and Infectious diseases (USSR). Allergens prepared at the Kazan Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology (USSR) and in Bulgaria produced no reactions.