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1.
AFLP genetic maps of Eucalyptus globulus and E. tereticornis 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
C. M. Marques J. A. Araújo J. G. Ferreira R. Whetten D. M. O’Malley B.-H. Liu R. Sederoff 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,96(6-7):727-737
Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis is a rapid and efficient technique for detecting large numbers of
DNA markers in eucalypts. We have used AFLP markers in a two-way pseudo-testcross strategy to generate genetic maps of two
clones of different Eucalyptus species (E. tereticornis and E. globulus). Of 606 polymorphic fragments scored, 487 segregated in a 1 : 1 ratio, corresponding to DNA polymorphisms heterozygous in
one parent and null in the other. In the maternal E. tereticornis map, 268 markers were ordered in 14 linkage groups (919 cM); the paternal E. globulus map had 200 markers in 16 linkage groups (967 cM). Results from PGRI software were compared with MAPMAKER. The average density
of markers was approximately 1 per 3.9 cM. Framework markers were ordered with an average confidence level of 90%, covering
80–100% of the estimated Eucalyptus genome size. In order to investigate the homologies between the E. tereticornis and the E. globulus genetic linkage maps, we included 19 markers segregating 3 : 1 in the analysis. Some homeologous linkage groups were recognized.
The linkage data developed in these maps will be used to detect loci controlling commercially important traits.
Received: 17 July 1997 / Accepted: 13 October 1997 相似文献
2.
Fifty new microsatellite loci for the wheat genetic map 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
P. Stephenson G. Bryan J. Kirby A. Collins K. Devos C. Busso M. Gale 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,97(5-6):946-949
Hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) has low levels of RFLP. Simple sequence repeats, however, show high levels of polymorphism and are therefore especially
useful in intervarietal breeding applications. We present 53 newly mapped microsatellite loci for the wheat genetic map, 41
primary loci and 12 additional loci from these same primer pairs. Markers have been accredited with a quality score on a scale
of 1–5 which describes the complexity of the amplification product profile from each primer pair.
Received: 29 June 1997 / Accepted: 4 February 1998 相似文献
3.
A genetic linkage map of durum wheat 总被引:14,自引:6,他引:14
A. Blanco M. P. Bellomo A. Cenci C. De Giovanni R. D’Ovidio E. Iacono B. Laddomada M. A. Pagnotta E. Porceddu A. Sciancalepore R. Simeone O. A. Tanzarella 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,97(5-6):721-728
A genetic linkage map of tetraploid wheat [Triticum turgidum (L.) Thell.] was constructed using segregation data from a population of 65 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from
a cross between the durum wheat cultivar Messapia and accession MG4343 of T. turgidum (L.) Thell. ssp dicoccoides (Korn.) Thell. A total of 259 loci were analysed, including 244 restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), one PCR
(polymerase chain reaction) marker (a sequence coding for a LMW (low-molecular-weight) glutenin subunit gene located at the
Glu-B3 locus), seven biochemical (six seed-storage protein loci and one isozyme locus) and seven morphological markers. A total
of 213 loci were mapped at a LOD≥3 on all 14 chromosomes of the A and B genomes. The total length of the map is 1352 cM and
the average distance between adjacent markers is 6.3 cM. Forty six loci could not be mapped at a LOD≥3. A fraction (18.6%)
of the markers deviated significantly from the expected Mendelian ratios; clusters of loci showing distorted segregation were
found on chromosomes 1B, 3AL, 4AL, 6AL and 7AL. The durum wheat map was compared with the published maps of bread wheat using
several common RFLP markers and general features are discussed. The markers detected the known structural rearrangements involving
chromosomes 4A, 5A and 7B as well as the translocation between 2B-6B, but not the deletion on 2BS. This map provides a useful
tool for analysing and breeding economically important quantitative traits and for marker-assisted selection, as well as for
studies of genome organisation in small grain cereal species.
Received: 5 January 1998 / Accepted: 31 March 1998 相似文献
4.
Genetic linkage map of ISSR and RAPD markers in Einkorn wheat in relation to that of RFLP markers 总被引:41,自引:0,他引:41
T. Kojima T. Nagaoka K. Noda Y. Ogihara 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,96(1):37-45
The potential of PCR-based markers for construction of a genetic linkage map in Einkorn wheat was investigated. From a comparison
of polymorphisms between two Einkorn wheats, Triticum monococcum (Mn) and T. boeoticum (Bt), we obtained 49 polymorphic bands produced by 33 primers for inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and 36 polymorphic
bands shown by 25 combinations of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers for mapping in 66 individuals in the F2 population. Although 44 ISSR fragments and 29 RAPD fragments statistically showed a 3 : 1 segregation ratio in the F2 population, only 9 markers each of the ISSR and RAPD bands were able to be mapped on the RFLP linkage map of Einkorn wheat.
ISSR markers were distributed throughout the chromosomes. The mapped positions of the ISSR markers seemed to be similar to
those obtained by the RFLP markers. On the other hand, 4 of the 9 RAPD markers could map the RFLP marker-poor region on the
short arm of 3Am, suggesting a potential to map novel regions containing repetitive sequences. Comparisons of the genetic linkage map of Einkorn
wheat to the linkage map and cytological map of common wheat revealed that the marker orders between the two maps of Einkorn
wheat and common wheat coincided except for 4A, which harbors chromosome rearrangements specific for polyploid wheats, indicating
a conservatism between the two genomes. Recombinations in Einkorn wheat chromosomes took place more frequently around the
centromere and less at the distal part of chromosomes in comparison to those in common wheat. Nevertheless, recombinations
even in Einkorn wheat chromosomes were strongly suppressed around the centromere. In fact, the markers located within 1 cM
of the centromere were located almost in the central part of the chromosome arm.
Received: 7 June 1997 / Accepted: 17 June 1997 相似文献
5.
Interspecific genetic linkage map, segregation distortion and genetic conversion in coffee (Coffea sp.) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
C. L. Ky P. Barre M. Lorieux P. Trouslot S. Akaffou J. Louarn A. Charrier S. Hamon M. Noirot 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2000,101(4):669-676
An interspecific partial genetic linkage map of Coffea sp. based on 62 backcross hybrids is presented. F1 hybrids were generated by a cross between the wild C. pseudozanguebariae and the anciently cultivated C. liberica var. dewevrei (DEW); progeny were then derived from a backcross between F1 hybrid and DEW. The map construction consisted of a two-step strategy using 5.5 and 3.1 LOD scores revealed by simulation
file. The map consisted of 181 loci: 167 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and 13 random fragment length polymorphism
(RFLP) loci. The markers were assembled into 14 linkage groups, each with 4–31 markers covering 1,144 cM. Segregation distortion
was observed for 30% of all loci, in particular 3:1 and 1:3 ratios equally favouring each of the two parents. The existence
of such ratios suggests genetic conversion events. This map also represents an initial step towards the detection of quantitative
trait loci.
Received: 4 Janaury 2000 / Accepted: 17 January 2000 相似文献
6.
A genetic linkage map of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) developed from a cross between two inbred, domesticated lines 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
C. M. Menéndez A. E. Hall P. Gepts 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,95(8):1210-1217
We have constructed a genetic linkage map within the cultivated gene pool of cowpea (2n=2x=22) from an F8 recombinant inbred population (94 individuals) derived from a cross between the inbreds IT84S-2049 and 524B. These breeding
lines, developed in Nigeria and California, show contrasting reactions against several pests and diseases and differ in several
morphological traits. Parental lines were screened with 332 random RAPD decamers, 74 RFLP probes (bean, cowpea and mung bean
genomic DNA clones), and 17 AFLP primer combinations. RAPD primers were twice as efficient as AFLP primers and RFLP probes
in detecting polymorphisms in this cross. The map consists of 181 loci, comprising 133 RAPDs, 19 RFLPs, 25 AFLPs, three morphological/classical
markers, and a biochemical marker (dehydrin). These markers identified 12 linkage groups spanning 972 cM with an average distance
of 6.4 cM between markers. Linkage groups ranged from 3 to 257 cM in length and included from 2 to 41 markers, respectively.
A gene for earliness was mapped on linkage group 2. Seed weight showed a significant association with a RAPD marker on linkage
group 5. This map should facilitate the identification of markers that “tag” genes for pest and disease resistance and other
traits in the cultivated gene pool of cowpea.
Received: 16 September 1996 / Accepted: 25 April 1997 相似文献
7.
Genetic linkage map in sour cherry using RFLP markers 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
D. Wang R. Karle T. S. Brettin A. F. Iezzoni 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,97(8):1217-1224
Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) linkage maps of two tetraploid sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L., 2n=4x=32) cultivars, Rheinische Schattenmorelle (RS) and Erdi Botermo (EB), were constructed from 86 progeny from the cross RS×EB.
The RS linkage map consists of 126 single-dose restriction fragment (SDRF, Wu et al. 1992) markers assigned to 19 linkage
groups covering 461.6 cM. The EB linkage map has 95 SDRF markers assigned to 16 linkage groups covering 279.2 cM. Fifty three
markers mapped in both parents were used as bridges between both maps and 13 sets of homologous linkage groups were identified.
Homoeologous relationships among the sour cherry linkage groups could not be determined because only 15 probes identified
duplicate loci. Fifty nine of the markers on the linkage maps were detected with probes used in other Prunus genetic linkage maps. Four of the sour cherry linkage groups may be homologous with four of the eight genetic linkage groups
identified in peach and almond. Twenty one fragments expected to segregate in a 1 : 1 ratio segregated in a 2 : 1 ratio. Three
of these fragments were used in the final map construction because they all mapped to the same linkage group. Six fragments
exhibited segregation consistent with the expectations of intergenomic pairing and/or recombination.
Received: 1 April 1998 / Accepted: 9 June 1998 相似文献
8.
A genetic linkage map of Quercus robur L. (pedunculate oak) based on RAPD, SCAR, microsatellite, minisatellite, isozyme and 5S rDNA markers 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
T. Barreneche C. Bodenes C. Lexer J.-F. Trontin S. Fluch R. Streiff C. Plomion G. Roussel H. Steinkellner K. Burg J.-M. Favre J. Glössl A. Kremer 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,97(7):1090-1103
A genetic map of Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur) was constructed based on one 5S rDNA, 271 RAPD, ten SCAR, 18 microsatellite, one minisatellite, and six isozyme markers.
A total of 94 individuals from a full-sib family was genotyped. Two maps, including 307 markers, were constructed according
to the “two-way pseudo-testcross” mapping strategy. Testcross markers segregating in the 1 : 1 ratio were first used to establish
separate maternal (893.2 cM, 12 linkage groups) and paternal (921.7 cM, 12 linkage groups) maps. Both maps provided 85–90%
genome coverage. Homologies between the male and female linkage groups were then identified based on 74 intercross markers
segregating in the 3 : 1, 1 : 2 : 1 and 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 ratios (RAPDs, SCARs, SSRs, 5S rDNA and isozymes) in the hybrid progeny.
In each map, approximately 18% of the studied markers showed segregation distortion. More than 60% of the skewed markers were
due to an excess of heterozygote genotypes. This map will be used for: (1) studying the molecular organisation of genomic
regions involved in inter- and intraspecific differentiation in oaks and (2) identification of QTLs for adaptive traits.
Received: 30 January 1998 / Accepted: 12 May 1998 相似文献
9.
A Genetic linkage map of Pinyon pine (Pinus edulis) based on amplified fragment length polymorphisms 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
S. E. Travis K. Ritland T. G. Whitham P. Keim 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,97(5-6):871-880
Amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) were used to rapidly generate a dense linkage map for pinyon pine (Pinus edulis). The map population consisted of 40 megagametophytes derived from one tree at Sunset Crater, Arizona. A total of 78 primer
combinations, each with three to five selective nucleotides, amplified 542 polymorphic markers. Of these, 33 markers showed
significant deviation from the expected Mendelian genotypic segregation ratio of 1 : 1, and 164 showed complete linkage with
another marker. This resulted in 338 unique markers mapping to 25 linkage groups, each of which ranged from 2 to 22 markers,
averaging 80 centiMorgans (cM) in size and covering 2,012 cM (2,200 cM with the inclusion of 25 cM for each of 7 unlinked
markers). Pairwise linkage values gave a genome size estimate of 2,390 cM, suggesting comprehensive coverage of the genome.
A search for subsets of primer combinations giving the best map coverage found 10 primer combinations which together marked
72% of the linkage map to within 10 cM; an additional 10 primer combinations increased this percentage to 85%. Our map represents
an initial step towards the identification of quantitative trait loci associated with pest resistance and water stress in
pinyons and will further allow us to examine introgression rates between P. edulis and P. californiarum.
Received: 14 October 1997 / Accepted: 29 April 1998 相似文献
10.
V. Lombard R. Delourme 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2001,103(4):491-507
A framework consensus map for rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) was constructed from the integration of three DH mapping populations derived from crosses between or within spring- and
winter-type parents. Several sources of genetic markers were used: isozymes, RFLPs, RAPDs, and AFLPs. A total of 992 different
markers were mapped to at least one population, of which 540 were included in the consensus map and 253 were common to at
least two populations. Markers were distributed over 19 linkage groups, thus reflecting the basic chromosome number of rapeseed
and covered 2,429 cM, which was in the mean confidence-interval estimates of genome length (2,127–2,480) cM. Markers were
evenly spaced on the entire genome even if, for several linkage groups, both RAPD and AFLP markers were not uniformly distributed.
In the population resulting from a cross between two spring lines, a higher recombination rate was observed and a translocation
was identified. The consensus approach allowed to map a larger number of markers, to obtain a near-complete coverage of the
rapeseed genome, to fill the number of gaps, and to consolidate the linkage groups of the individual maps.
Received: 19 July 2000 / Accepted: 31 October 2000 相似文献
11.
R. Testolin W. G. Huang O. Lain R. Messina A. Vecchione G. Cipriani 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2001,103(1):30-36
A genetic map of kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.) was constructed using microsatellite and AFLP markers and the pseudo-testcross mapping strategy. (AC)n and (AG)n microsatellite repeats were first isolated from Actinidia chinensis (2n = 2x = 58) enriched genomic libraries and tested for segregation in the interspecific cross between the diploid distantly
related species A. chinensis and A. callosa. Some 105 microsatellite loci of the 251 initially tested segregated in the progeny in a 1:1 ratio as in a classical backcross,
or in a ratio which could mimic the backcross, and were mapped using 94 individuals. AFLP markers were then produced using
MseI and EcoRI restriction enzymes and 15 primer combinations. Nearly 10% of loci showed a distorted segregation at α = 0.05, and only 4% at α = 0.01, irrespectively to the marker class. Two linkage maps
were produced, one for each parent. The female map had 203 loci, of which 160 (71 SSR and 89 AFLP) constituted the framework map at a LOD score ≥ 2.0. The map was 1,758.5 cM(K) long, covering
46% of the estimated genome length. The male map had only 143 loci, of which 116 (28 SSR, 87 AFLP and the sex determinant)
constituted the framework map. The map length was only 1,104.1 cM(K), covering 34% of the estimate genome length. Only 35
SSR loci were mapped in the male parent because 18% of SSR loci that were characterised did not amplify in A. callosa, and 48% were homozygous. The choice of parents in the pseudo-testcross is critically discussed. The sex determinant was
mapped in A. callosa.
Received: 27 July 2000 / Accepted: 31 October 2000 相似文献
12.
An RFLP linkage map of Upland cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
Zachary W. Shappley J. N. Jenkins William R. Meredith Jack C. McCarty Jr. 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,97(5-6):756-761
Ninety-six F2.F3 bulked sampled plots of Upland cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., from the cross of HS46×MARCABUCAG8US-1-88, were analyzed with 129 probe/enzyme combinations resulting in 138 RFLP loci.
Of the 84 loci that segregated as co-dominant, 76 of these fit a normal 1 : 2 : 1 ratio (non-significant chi square at P=0.05). Of the 54 loci that segregated as dominant genotypes, 50 of these fit a normal 3: 1 ratio (non-significant chi square
at P=0.05). These 138 loci were analyzed with the MAPMAKER∖ EXP program to determine linkage relationships among them. There were
120 loci arranged into 31 linkage groups. These covered 865 cM, or an estimated 18.6% of the cotton genome. The linkage groups
ranged from two to ten loci each and ranged in size from 0.5 to 107 cM. Eighteen loci were not linked.
Received: 31 March 1998 / Accepted: 29 April 1998 相似文献
13.
P. Kaló G. Endre L. Zimányi G. Csanádi G. B. Kiss 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2000,100(5):641-657
An improved genetic map of diploid (2n=2x=16) alfalfa has been developed by analyzing the inheritance of more than 800 genetic
markers on the F2 population of 137 plant individuals. The F2 segregating population derived from a self-pollinated F1 hybrid individual of the cross Medicago sativa ssp. quasifalcata ×Medicago sativa ssp. coerulea. This mapping population was the same one which had been used for the construction of our previous alfalfa genetic map. The
genetic analyses were performed by using maximum-likelihood equations and related computer programs. The improved genetic
map of alfalfa in its present form contains 868 markers (four morphological, 12 isozyme, 26 seed protein, 216 RFLP, 608 RAPD
and two specific PCR markers) in eight linkage groups. Of the markers 80 are known genes, including 2 previously cytologically
localized genes, the rDNA and the β-tubulin loci. The genetic map covers 754 centimorgans (cM) with an average marker density
of 0.8/cM. The correlation between the physical and genetic distances is about 1000–1300 kilobase pairs per centiMorgan. In
this map, the linkage relationships of some markers on linkage groups 6, 7, and 8 are different from the previously published
one. The cause of this discrepancy was that the genetic linkage of markers displaying distorted segregation (characterized
by an overwhelming number of heterozygous individuals) had artificially linked genetic regions that turned out to be unlinked.
To overcome the disadvantageous influence of the excess number of heterozygous genotypes on the recombination fractions, we
used recently described maximum-likelihood formulas and colormapping, which allowed us to exclude the misleading linkages
and to estimate the genetic distances more precisely.
Received: 19 October 1998 / Accepted: 15 April 1999 相似文献
14.
Integration of dinucleotide microsatellites from hexaploid bread wheat into a genetic linkage map of durum wheat 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
V. Korzun M. S. Röder K. Wendehake A. Pasqualone C. Lotti M. W. Ganal A. Blanco 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1999,98(8):1202-1207
Seventy nine microsatellite markers from hexaploid bread wheat (T. aestivum L.) were integrated into a genetic linkage map of durum wheat (T. turgidum ssp. durum (Desf.) Huns.) created by RFLP segregation data from a population of 65 recombinant inbred lines. The results indicate a
relatively even distribution of microsatellite loci and demonstrate that microsatellite markers from hexaploid wheat provide
an excellent source of molecular markers for use in the genetics and breeding of durum wheat.
Received: 16 July 1998 / Accepted: 13 October 1998 相似文献
15.
A genetic map of Maritime pine based on AFLP, RAPD and protein markers 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
P. Costa D. Pot C. Dubos J. M. Frigerio C. Pionneau C. Bodenes E. Bertocchi M. -T. Cervera D. L. Remington C. Plomion 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2000,100(1):39-48
TheAFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) technique was adapted to carry out genetic analysis in maritime pine, a species
characterized by a large genome size (24 pg/C). A genetic linkage map was constructed for one F1 individual based on 239 AFLP and 127 RAPD (randomly amplified polymorphic DNA) markers. Markers were scored on megagametophytes
(1n) from 200 germinated F2 seedlings. Polymorphism rate, labour time and cost of both AFLP and RAPD techniques were compared. The AFLP technique was
found to be twice as fast and three-times less costly per marker than the RAPD technique. Thirteen linkage groups were identified
with a LOD score ≥6 covering 1873 cM, which provided 93.4% of genome coverage. Proteins were extracted from needles (2n) of
the F2 progeny and revealed by 2-DE (two-dimensional electrophoresis). Thirty one segregating proteins were mapped using a QTL detection
strategy based on the quantification of protein accumulation. Two framework maps of the same F1 individual are now available. The first map (Plomion et al. 1996) uses RAPD markers and the second map, presented in this
study, uses mostly AFLP markers. Although the total genetic length of both maps was almost identical, differences among homologous
groups were observed.
Received: 11 February 1999 / Accepted: 29 April 1999 相似文献
16.
Construction of an RFLP linkage map for cultivated sunflower 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
C. C. Jan B. A. Vick J. F. Miller A. L. Kahler E. T. Butler III. 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,96(1):15-22
An RFLP linkage map was constructed for cultivated sunflower Helianthus annuus L., based on 271 loci detected by 232 cDNA probes. Ninety-three F2 plants of a cross between inbred lines RHA 271 and HA 234 were used as the mapping population. These genetic markers plus
a fertility restoration gene, Rf
1, defined 20 linkage groups, covering 1164 cM of the sunflower genome. Of the 71 loci 202 had codominant genotypic segregation,
with the rest showing dominant segregation. Thirty-two of the 232 probes gave multiple locus segregation. There were 39 clusters
of tightly linked markers with 0 cM distance among loci. This map has an average marker-to-marker distance of 4.6 cM, with
11 markerless regions exceeding 20 cM.
Received: 17 June 1997 / Accepted: 19 June 1997 相似文献
17.
Molecular linkage mapping in rye (Secale cereale L.) 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
X.-F. Ma M. K. Wanous K. Houchins M. A. Rodriguez Milla P. G. Goicoechea Z. Wang M. Xie J. P. Gustafson 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2001,102(4):517-523
A rye linkage map containing clones from rye, wheat, barley, oat and rice genomic and cDNA libraries, known-function genes
and microsatellite markers, was created using an F2 population consisting of 110 F2-derived F3 families. Both co-dominant and dominant markers were added to the map. Of all probes screened, 30.8% were polymorphic, and
of those polymorphic 79.3% were mapped. The current map contains 184 markers present in all seven linkage groups covering
only 727.3 cM. This places a marker about every 3.96 cM on average throughout the map; however, large gaps are still present.
The map contains 60 markers that have been integrated from previous rye maps. Surprisingly, no markers were placed between
the centromere and C1–1RS in the short arm of 1R. The short arm of chromosome 4 also lacked an adequate number of polymorphic
markers. The population showed a remarkable degree of segregation distortion (72.8%). In addition, the genetic distance observed
in rye was found to be very different among the maps created by different mapping populations.
Received: 10 January 2000 / Accepted: 26 May 2000 相似文献
18.
An integrated genetic linkage map of avocado 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
D. Sharon P. B. Cregan S. Mhameed M. Kusharska J. Hillel E. Lahav U. Lavi 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,95(5-6):911-921
An avocado genomic library was screened with various microsatellite repeats. (A/T)n and (TC/AG)n sequences were found to be the most frequent repeats. One hundred and seventy-two positive clones were sequenced successfully
of which 113 were found to contain simple sequence repeats (SSR). Polymerase chain reaction primers were designed to the regions
flanking the SSR in 62 clones. A GenBank search of avocado DNA sequences revealed 1 sequence containing a (CT)10 repeat. A total of 92 avocado-specific SSR markers were screened for polymorphism using 50 offspring of a cross between the
avocado cultivars ‘Pinkerton’ and ‘Ettinger’. Both are standard avocado cultivars which are normally outcrossed and highly
heterozygous. Fifty polymorphic SSR loci, 17 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and 23 minisatellite DNA Fingerprint
(DFP) bands were used to construct the avocado genetic map. The resulting data were analyzed with various mapping programs
in order to assess which program best accommodated data from progeny of heterozygous parents. The analyses resulted in 12
linkage groups with 34 markers (25 SSRs, 3 RAPDs and 6 DFP bands) covering 352.6 cM. This initial map can serve as a basis
for developing a detailed genomic map and for detection of linkage between markers and quantitative trait loci.
Received: 2 April 1996 / Accepted: 28 February 1997 相似文献
19.
Evaluation of inter-simple sequence repeat analysis for mapping in Citrus and extension of the genetic linkage map 总被引:25,自引:0,他引:25
A. A. Sankar G. A. Moore 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2001,102(2-3):206-214
Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) analysis was evaluated for its usefulness in generating markers to extend the genetic
linkage map of Citrus using a backcross population previously mapped with restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), random amplified polymorphic
DNA (RAPD) and isozyme markers. ISSR markers were obtained through the simple technique of PCR followed by analysis on agarose
gels, using simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers. Optimization of reaction conditions was achieved for 50% of the SSR primers
screened, and the primers amplified reproducible polymorphic bands in the parents and progeny of the backcross population.
Mendelian segregation of the polymorphic bands was demonstrated, with an insignificant number of skewed loci. Most of the
SSR primers produced dominant loci; however co-dominance was observed with loci derived from three primers. A new genetic
map was produced by combining the segregation data for the ISSR markers and data for the RFLP, RAPD and isozyme markers from
the previous map and creating genetic linkages among all the markers using JoinMap 2.0 mapping software. The new map has an
improved distribution of markers along the linkage groups with fewer gaps, and marker order showed partial or complete conservation
in the linkage groups. The incorporation of ISSR markers into the genetic linkage map demonstrates that ISSR markers are suitable
for genetic mapping in Citrus.
Received: 3 February 2000 / Accepted: 12 May 2000 相似文献
20.
H. Yoshimaru K. Ohba K. Tsurumi N. Tomaru M. Murai Y. Mukai Y. Suyama Y. Tsumura T. Kawahara Y. Sakamaki 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,97(1-2):45-50
Quantitative traits, including juvenile growth, flower bearing and rooting ability, of a woody plant species, Cryptomeria japonica D. Don, were analyzed in a three-generation pedigree with 73 F2 progenies using a linkage map with 85 genetic markers (72 RFLP, 11 RAPD, one isozyme and one morphological loci). A cluster
of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) related to juvenile growth and female flower bearing was detected on linkage group 2. Some
of the influence of this cluster could be attributed to pleiotropic effects of a dwarf locus located in its vicinity. QTLs
related to male and female flower bearing were detected at different locations and showed different effects from each other,
suggesting that the genetic systems controlling male and female flowering are different. No large QTL affecting rooting ability
was detected in the material analyzed in this study.
Received: 15 December 1997 / Accepted: 4 February 1998 相似文献